RU2251064C2 - Light-emitting diode combined lantern-target-designator for visible and infrared ranges - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: lighting equipment, may be applied for lighting of a target at shooting any type of weapon namely crossbows , pistols etc.

SUBSTANCE: light-emitting diode combined lantern-target-designator has semiconductor laser diodes radiating in infrared and visible ranges, feeding source, system tuning at a target, collimating optical system and light-emitting diode sources of light emitting in infrared and visible ranges. Summary axis of symmetry of light flows of light-emitting diode sources are parallel to axis of symmetry of light flows of laser radiators. In version of technical solution light-emitting diode oscillator has two sources of visible part of spectrum differing in color and dispersion angle. In version of technical solution in parallel with the resistor into the feeding chain of light- emitting diodes of visible range of radiating a chain containing a switch and a generator of impulses and providing series of blazing flashes dazzling the object is inserted. Several versions of execution of lantern optical system are offered.

EFFECT: provides quick discovering and quick aiming at a target in any state of object's illumination.

9 cl, 14 dwg

Description

The invention relates to lighting equipment for special purposes and is intended for local illumination of the target and the designation of the point of impact at the target when firing from any type of weapon and at any level of ambient light.

Known LED target used for weapons sight, containing a device for controlling the brightness of the emitter (see, for example, RF patent N 2054855, "Optical sight for small arms", IPC F 41 G 1/32, publ. 02.20.96, B. I. N 5). A disadvantage of the known technical solution is that the emitter is intended solely for the formation of the reticle and cannot be used to illuminate the target.

There is also known a designator for a gun sight, adopted for the prototype and described in the patent of the Russian Federation N2098738, IPC F 41 G 1/35, "Sight", publ. 12.12.97 in BI N 34, in which a semiconductor laser optical emitter (laser diode) of the visible part of the radiation spectrum is used as a radiation source. The sight also contains a power source, a target adjustment system and a collimating optical system.

A disadvantage of the known target designator is that with its help it is impossible to illuminate the target before firing in the dark, and a small light spot from the laser at a great distance can be seen only with the help of an optical device.

An object of the invention is the detection and defeat of the target in normal and low light conditions, as well as in complete darkness, without using a sight.

The problem is solved in that, in a target lamp containing a laser diode, a power source, a target tuning system and a collimating optical system, an additional radiation source is installed, in which the maximum light distribution of the radiation flux coincides with the light spot obtained from the laser diode.

In the embodiment of the technical solution, the visible part of the range of LEDs is used as a radiation source, the light fluxes of which differ in color and scattering angle.

In an embodiment of the technical solution, a circuit comprising a switch and a pulse generator is included in parallel with the resistor in the power supply circuit of the LEDs of the visible range of radiation.

In a variant of the technical solution, in addition to the laser diode, a laser diode is installed, which emits in the infrared range.

In a variant of the technical solution, the radiation source contains LEDs with an infrared radiation spectrum.

The use of an additionally installed radiation source, in which the maximum light distribution of the radiation flux coincides with the light spot obtained from the laser diode, in addition to the laser diode, in combination LEDs, allows you to illuminate the object and point the weapon in the direction of the target.

The use of visible LEDs in the LED combination target lamp as a radiation source, the light fluxes of which differ in color and scattering angle, will allow the shooter to estimate the distance to the object by the ratio of light spots on the target and determine the place of impact without using the sight.

The presence in the power supply circuit of the LEDs of the visible radiation range of the switch and the pulse generator will allow the weapon owner to switch the LEDs to a generator that has a small resistance, and obtain a series of bright flashes and blind the object and, thereby, preempt possible aggressive responses.

The use of a laser diode and LEDs with an infrared radiation spectrum enables the weapon owner, with a night vision device, to covertly illuminate the object, estimate the distance to it from the magnitude of the light spot and determine the point of impact located in the center of the spot and coinciding with the light spot from the laser diode, without using a sight.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 is a view of a weapon with a LED combination target lamp located on it.

Figure 2 shows the location of the lighting devices on a common board.

Figure 3 presents a variant of the design of the nozzle-lamp.

Figure 4 shows the light spots on the target from the light fluxes of the laser and LED emitters.

Figure 5 shows an embodiment of a board with light sources.

Figure 6 presents an embodiment of the design of the nozzle-lamp.

Figure 7 shows the optical scheme of the LED combined target lamp with a reflector and reflective prisms.

On Fig shows a variant of the location of the lighting fixtures target designator.

Figure 9 shows an embodiment of the LED target lamp.

Figure 10 shows an embodiment of a circuit board with light sources located separately.

In Fig.11 there is a fragment of the design of the lantern with the board of Fig.10.

On Fig shows an optical circuit with two lenses in the absence of laser diodes own built-in collimating lenses.

On Fig shows an optical system with a bifocal lens in the absence of laser diodes own collimating lenses.

On Fig presents a schematic electrical diagram of a designator.

Common elements in all figures are denoted identically.

Small arms, for example, pistol 1 (Fig. 1), have a barrel part (not shown in Fig.) Equipped with a nozzle with a LED combination target lamp 2. The nozzle can also be located on the side of the barrel or on the handle or on any part of the body weapons, but so that the optical axis of the nozzle is parallel to the line of fire and does not overlap with parts of the weapon or body parts. A three-position switch 3, a three-stage push-button switch 4 and a push-button switch 5 are located on the housing on its left or right side.

The LED combined designator for the visible and infrared ranges consists of laser diodes 6 (Fig. 2) located next to the axis of symmetry in the center of the board 7. On the surface of the board, around the laser diodes, LED radiation sources are installed 8. One of the laser diodes 6 'emits in the visible range. The second laser diode 6 ’’ emits infrared light. Laser diodes can be equipped with a special aperture (not shown in Fig.), Which forms a given spot shape on the target. The nozzle 2 has a housing 9 (Fig. 3), in which, in the focus of the parabolic reflector 10, there is a board 7. A collimating lens 11 is installed in the outlet of the reflector. The lens has an insert 12 in the path of the rays from the laser diodes made of a material that is transparent to infrared and the visible ranges of radiation and does not change the transmission of light rays from laser diodes. In the case there is also a laser pump system 13, a pulse generator 14 and a power source 15, which can also be batteries. The housing on the back side contains a cover (not shown in FIG.) With a threaded connection. The axis of symmetry of the light flux of the LED emitters is parallel to the axis of symmetry of the light flux emitted by the laser diodes 6. The LEDs 8 have a different emission spectrum. At least two LEDs emit in the infrared range. The radiation color of the remaining LEDs is chosen different, for example, yellow and white. The scattering angles of white and yellow LEDs are also different. In this case, the light spots on the surface perpendicular to the light flux of the laser emitter will be close to concentric circles. The maximum distribution of the light flux of the emission of the LEDs, or in other words, the maximum illumination of the light spot will coincide with the light spot from the laser, indicated by the number 16 (figure 4). Depending on the configuration of the outlet of the special diaphragm, the light spot from the laser may have a form different from that shown, for example, a crosshair, a set of concentric circles, etc. The light spot from the sum of the white and yellow LEDs is indicated by the number 17. The circular ring 18 shows the contours of the light spot obtained only by the yellow LEDs. The central part 17 of the total light spot from the sum of the light fluxes of the yellow and white LEDs will be illuminated brighter than the peripheral 18.

Light spots from infrared LEDs will look similar.

A variant is possible when the surface of the board 7 is made rectangular (figure 5). LEDs 8 are arranged in several rows on one side of the board, and laser diodes 6 are installed separately in a row on the same board. The board is located in the housing so that the LEDs 8 fall into the focus of the reflector 10 (Fig.6), and the laser diodes have their own lenses (not shown in Fig.).

In an embodiment, the infrared LEDs 8 ’’ ’and the LEDs 8’ and 8 ’’, for example, with white and yellow emission spectra, are located on the common board and are placed in the focus of the reflector 10 (Fig. 7). Laser diodes 6 are mounted on the board 7 outside the reflector 10. The axis of symmetry of the light fluxes of the lasers and LEDs are parallel. The optical system contains two pairs of prisms 20 and 21 mounted on the path of the rays from the laser diodes with light refracting layers (not indicated in FIG.), Which are arranged so that the light flux from the lasers 6 is directed through the optical axis of the reflector 10 and lens 11 The lens 11 has an insert 12 similar to FIG. The dimensions of the prisms are small and they practically do not affect the luminous flux emitted by the LEDs.

In an embodiment, the laser diodes 6 ’and 6’ ’are adjacent. The luminous flux of the laser diode 6 ’passes through the optical axis of the collimating lens 11 (Fig. 8). The axis of symmetry of the light fluxes of LEDs 8, for example, with yellow 8 ’and white 8’ emission spectra, respectively, are located so that the axis of symmetry of their light fluxes are perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the laser light flux 6 ’. In the center of the optical axis of the lens 11, prisms 22 to 23 are installed, equipped with light-refracting layers 24 and 25, respectively. The prisms have small openings 26 and 27 for transmitting 6 ’’ laser beams. The refracting prism 23 can be made transparent to yellow light from the LED 8 ’’. The light fluxes from the LEDs reflected from the refracting layers pass along the central part of the optical axis of the lens 11, coinciding with the axis of symmetry of the laser light flux 6 ’. The optical system for infrared light sources is likewise made. That is, the laser diode 6 ’’ and two LEDs 8 ’’ ’also have two prisms and their own collimating system.

Since the sizes of the light elements are small, even at a small distance the light spots from them on the surface perpendicular to their optical axes will practically correspond to Fig. 4.

In the embodiment of the LED combination target lamp for the visible and infrared ranges, the LEDs are located separately on the board 7 (Fig. 9) at the focus of the reflector 10. The laser diodes 6 'and 6' 'are mounted in a row so that the axis of symmetry of their light fluxes is perpendicular to the optical the axis of the reflector 10. In the center of the optical axis of the reflector 10 two pairs of prisms 28 and 29 are installed in a row. The prisms have reflective layers (not shown in FIG.) directing the light flux from the laser diodes 6 'and 6' 'in the center of the optical axis of the system, from consisting of a reflector 9 and a lens 11. The lens has an insert 12 similar to FIG. 7. Prism 29 can be made of a material transparent to infrared radiation, or have a small hole for the beam from the laser diode 6 ’’.

In an embodiment, the board consists of two parallel plates 7 ’and 7’ ’mounted side by side (Fig. 10). The plane of the plate 7 ’is filled with LEDs of the visible spectrum of radiation 8’ and 8 ’’. The plane of the 7 ’’ plate is filled with 8 ’’ ’’ LEDs emitting in the infrared range. The axis of symmetry of the light fluxes of the LEDs is perpendicular to the plane of the boards. Laser diodes 6 ’and 6’ ’are located symmetrically along the axis between the boards. The axis of symmetry of their light fluxes are also perpendicular to the plane of the boards. Each of the plates is installed in the focus of the corresponding lens 11 ’and 11’ ’. Laser diodes have their own protective glasses (not shown in FIG.).

In the embodiment, when the laser diodes do not have their own lenses, the LED radiation sources and laser emitters are located in the same way as in FIG. 6, i.e. the symmetry axis of their light fluxes are directed in parallel. Each of them passes through its collimating lens, respectively, 30 and 31 (Fig.12). Due to the small size of the light sources, the light spots on the plane perpendicular to the optical axis will almost also be concentric, according to Fig.4.

In an embodiment, the LED 8 ’, 8’ ’and laser 6’ sources of radiation in the visible part of the spectrum have a common bifocal collimating lens 32 (Fig. 13). Lens 32 has a small insert 33 for specifically transmitting 6 ’laser light.

The system with infrared light sources is made similarly and is located nearby so that the axis of symmetry of its light fluxes are parallel to the axis of symmetry of the light flux of light sources of the visible range.

It is assumed that the prefix 2 has a device for correcting the direction of the light flux and a device for tuning the optical system, made at the same level as the known principles.

Electrically, the LEDs with white 8 ’and yellow 8’ ’emission spectra are connected in parallel (Fig. 14). The LEDs 8 'and 8' are connected to the power source 15 through terminal 34 of the push button switch 4, the movable terminal 35 of the switch 3 and the stationary terminal 36 of the switch 3. There is a terminating resistor 37 in the power supply circuit of the LEDs 8 'and 8' '. A circuit is connected in parallel with the resistor 37 consisting of contact 38 of push-button switch 4 and pulse generator 13. In turn, LEDs 8 '' 'with infrared emission spectrum also receive power via contact 34 of push-button switch 4, movable contact 35 and fixed contact 39 of the switch I 3. The power supply circuit of the 8 '' LEDs has a limiting resistor 40. The laser diodes 6 'and 6' 'are connected in parallel and receive power through the contact of the push button switch 5, the pump system 12, the stationary contact 41 of the switch 41 and, accordingly, through the fixed contacts 42 and 43 of switch 3. The electric circuit also contains a power source 15 and, optionally, a charging device 44 (if a battery is used as a power source), matching the battery voltage with a standard alternating current circuit.

The LED combined target lamp for the visible and infrared ranges operates as follows. If the switch 3 is in the neutral (middle) position, then its movable contacts 35 and 41 are also in the middle position and the power circuits of all light sources are open. To turn on the target lamp, you must select one of the extreme positions of the switch 3. Suppose that to obtain a visible range of radiation, the lever of the switch 3 is moved forward (Figure 1), which corresponds to the inclusion of light sources of the visible range of radiation. This leads to the closure of the movable contact 35 with the fixed contact 36, and the movable contact 41 closes with the fixed contact 42 (Fig.14), preparing the circuit of the LEDs 8 ’and 8’ ’and the laser diode 6’ for inclusion. To turn on the flashlight LEDs, press button 4. The first time you press the button, pin 34 will turn on, the LEDs receive power. They begin to emit a luminous flux directed toward the target, allowing the owner of the weapon to illuminate the object in the dark or in a dark room. The observer can estimate the distance to the target by the ratio of the diameters of the light spots formed by different color LEDs. When the button 4 is pressed again, the contact 37 is turned on, which switches the power supply circuit of the LEDs 8 'and 8' 'to the pulse generator 13, the resistance of which is much less than that of the resistor 37. The generator supplies a series of pulses to the LEDs, at which the LED currents are higher than the nominal . This provides a series of bright flashes that dazzle and shock the object, thus anticipating possible aggressive responses. When you press button 4 a third time, its contacts in the power supply circuit of the LEDs will be turned off. To turn on the laser diode 6 ’, at the same position of switch 3, press button 5, which will turn on its contact. The laser diode receives power through the pump system 12. If, in this case, the LEDs 8 'and 8' 'are turned on, then the owner of the weapon will observe a bright spot from the laser diode 5, which will be located practically in the center of the total light flux emitted by the LEDs 8 'and 8' ', i.e. match the area of maximum illumination from the LEDs. The dimensions of the laser diodes are within 12 mm. The distance between the axes of symmetry of their light flux, therefore, is 12 mm. The dimensions of the board itself are less than 30-40 mm. Even at a short distance, the owner of the weapon will not notice a deviation of the laser light spot from the center. Thus, regardless of the location of the LEDs, the light spot will have the form according to figure 4. The direction of the shot will coincide with the center of the light spots (figure 4). Thus, the shooter sees the target, estimates the distance to the target, warns the object that it is under the gun, and sees the direction of the sight using the laser light spot and the center of the light spots from the light flux of the LEDs. In this case, four tasks are performed: lighting, warning, determining the distance and finding the target without using the sighting front sight.

If the owner of the weapon has a night vision device that allows him to see in the infrared range, he can use a 6 ’’ ’laser diode and 8’ ’’ LEDs. To do this, move the lever of the switch 3 to the position opposite to the previously described extreme position. In this case, the movable contact 35 and the stationary contact 42 and the movable contact 41 with the fixed contact 43 are closed, preparing the inclusion of infrared radiation devices. The 8 ’’ ’LEDs will also be turned on by pressing the button 4, and the laser diode 6’ ’will be turned on by pressing the button 5. As in the visible range, the weapon owner will observe light circles around the target and a mark in the center of the laser diode. And in this case, the search and defeat of the target is facilitated.

The presented versions of the designator lamp (figure 2, 3, 5-11) expand the designer's ability to design a designator lamp, depending on the types of light sources and weapon features.

The semiconductor light-emitting devices used in the designator have microminiature cases and low weight, high mechanical strength and reliability and are practically not heated. The electricity they consume is small and the size of the battery or battery is small.

The proposed LED combined flashlight target indicator of the visible and infrared range can be used in any type of weapon, for example, in a firearm or in crossbows.

Claims (9)

1. LED combined target lamp for visible and infrared radiation ranges, containing a laser radiation source, a lighting source consisting of LEDs mounted on the board, a power source, a target adjustment system and a collimating optical lens system, characterized in that the laser radiation source are two laser diodes, one of which emits in the visible range, and the second in the infrared range, the lighting source consists of LEDs that emit in the visible range light fluxes having differing color and the scattering angle, in the power supply circuit in the visible range of LEDs introduced limiting resistance, which is parallel to the switch and the pulse generator is enabled. 2. The LED combination target lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the light source consists of LEDs emitting in the visible and infrared ranges. 3. The LED combination target lamp according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the laser radiation source and LEDs are mounted on a common board so that the laser diodes are located in the center of the board, the LEDs are on a circle around the laser diodes, the collimating optical system contains a reflector , the board is installed in the focus of the reflector, and the lens system is equipped with an insert of transparent for infrared and visible ranges and does not change the transmission of light rays from laser diodes. 4. The LED combination target lamp according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the LEDs are located on a common board that is in the focus of the reflector, the laser diodes are located outside the reflector, and the optical system is equipped with prisms refracting the light flux, directing the light flux of the lasers along the center of the collimating lens. 5. The LED combination target lamp according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the LEDs are located on a board mounted at the focus of the reflector, the laser diodes are mounted in a row along the optical axis of the reflector so that their light fluxes are perpendicular to the optical axis of the reflector and are equipped with refracting the luminous flux of the prisms, and the prism located closer to the lens has an opening for the rays of the laser diode from the prism located further from the lens. 6. The LED combination target lamp according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the optical system consists of two lenses, the board consists of two planes adjacent to each other, each of which is mounted on the optical axis of the corresponding lens, and laser diodes are located symmetrically between the plates so that the axis of symmetry of the light fluxes of the LEDs and laser beams are parallel. 7. The LED combination target lamp according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the LEDs are mounted on a common board located at the focus of the reflector, the laser diodes are mounted on the board outside the limits of the reflector so that the axis of symmetry of their light rays are parallel to the optical axis of the reflector and lenses. 8. A method of illuminating an object with a light source from LEDs, characterized in that the illumination of the object is formed in the form of concentric light spots that differ in radiation spectrum and diameter. 9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the lighting is formed in the form of a series of bright flashes.

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