RU2247894C1 - Cardan shaft protective unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: applied mechanics; protective units in safety engineering, agricultural machines in particular.

SUBSTANCE: mounted flush on inner side of third tubular element 5 is magnet and mounted opposite this magnet on outer side of first tubular element is hermetically-sealed reed relay which is connected with engine electric starting system by means of wires. Mounted on inner side of second tubular element 4 are guides and grooves for springy latches 14. Brackets 25 having holes are rigidly secured to ends of springy latches 14 on inner side; flexible cable secured on inner side of second tubular element 4 by means of screw may be passed through said holes of bracket.

EFFECT: improved operating properties.

4 dwg

Description

The safety device of the driveshaft belongs to the field of applied mechanics, to safety devices for general safety, mainly for agricultural machines. The fact is that in agriculture, 3.0-4.0% of injuries from the total number of injuries with a severe and fatal outcome comes from winding on a driveshaft, machine operators and maintenance personnel are injured.

Known safety device for the driveshaft (AS No. 1493846, F 16 P 1/02), containing a protective casing mounted coaxially to the shaft with the possibility of axial movement, disabling the mechanism, made in the form of a fork shaft with an outer spline surface at the end and axially movable splined sleeve with fixing means placed on it. In the device, the protective casing is made of two rigidly fixed flanges and three tubular elements, two of which are mounted for rotation relative to the flanges, and the third tubular element is made movable in the axial direction relative to the outer surface of one of the two tubular elements and is rigidly fixed with the second tubular element moreover, on the inner surface of the end of each of the two rigidly fixed tubular elements made stops, the disconnecting mechanism is equipped with an additional shaft-fork minutes with a splined outer surface on the end connected to the main-fork shaft schlitsevoy sleeve, and the fixing means comprises a bearing inner ring which is rigidly attached to splined sleeve, and an outer ferrule arranged to engage the abutments of two tubular elements are rigidly connected.

The disadvantages of this device are:

1) the lack of quick connection of the third tubular element with the second tubular element, which increases the complexity of the service, because it is necessary to manually connect them;

2) the possibility of the appearance of an unprotected zone of the driveshaft in the absence of a rigid connection of the third and second tubular elements due to operator error, which can lead to a traumatic situation;

3) the presence of protrusions on the outer surfaces of the third and second tubular elements, which, due to breakdowns and malfunctions of the device, may cause the capture of workers.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed device is a safety device for the driveshaft (patent No. 2139466, F 16 P 1/02), containing a protective casing mounted coaxially to the shaft and made of two rigidly fixed flanges and three tubular elements, two of which are installed with the possibility of rotation relative to the flanges, and the third tubular element is made movable in the axial direction relative to the first tubular element, the disconnecting mechanism is made in the form of two shaft-forks with external splined surfaces connected by an axially movable splined sleeve with fixing means placed thereon, locking means is made in the form of a cup rigidly connected to a third tubular element with spring latches arranged for quick disconnection and rigid connection with a second tubular element having corresponding grooves, and the second and third tubular elements are made in the form of cylinders without protrusions.

The disadvantages of this device are:

1) the possibility of the appearance of an unprotected zone of the driveshaft in the absence of the first tubular element, which makes it possible to operate the tractor and the drive machine in conditions of driving the driveshaft and injuring workers;

2) the presence of grooves made open from the outside of the second tubular element of the protective casing, which makes them clogged during operation;

3) the absence of guides for moving the spring latches into the groove for engagement, which creates difficulties in the assembly and disassembly of the structure;

4) the need to simultaneously press all the latches and the use of a special device for this, which increases the complexity of maintenance;

5) the possibility of dirt entering the structure, which can lead to premature wear and failure of the device.

The objective of the invention is to increase the operational properties of the device and, as a result, reduce injuries.

The task is achieved in that the magnet is flush mounted on the inside of the third tubular element, opposite which is flush on the outside of the first tubular element - a reed switch connected by wires to the electric engine starting system, the grooves are closed on the outside of the second tubular element, and on the inside guides and grooves are made for the second tubular element to engage springy latches, to the ends of which brackets from the hole are rigidly fixed E through which stretched flexible steel cable fixed screw from the outside of the second tubular member.

New significant features:

1. A magnet is flush mounted on the inside of the third tubular element.

2. Opposite the magnet on the outside of the first tubular element a reed switch is mounted flush, connected by wires to the electric engine starting system.

3. The grooves are closed on the outside of the second tubular element.

4. On the inner side of the second tubular element, guides and grooves are made for engaging springy latches.

5. To the ends of the springy latches on the inside are rigidly fixed brackets with holes.

6. A steel flexible cable is drawn through the holes, fixed with a screw on the outside of the second tubular element.

The listed new essential features, together with the known ones, are necessary and sufficient to achieve a technical result in all cases to which the requested amount of legal protection applies.

The proof of the technical result is that the proposed device makes it possible to improve the operational properties of the device due to the fact that it:

a) a magnet is flush mounted on the inner side of the third tubular element, opposite to which is a reed switch on the outside of the first tubular element - connected by wires to the electric engine starting system, which will prevent the unit from operating without installing a protective cover;

b) the grooves are made closed from the outside of the second tubular element, which eliminates the possibility of clogging during operation;

c) on the inner side of the second tubular element, grooves and guides are made for moving the spring latches into the grooves for engagement, which will ensure convenient and safe assembly and disassembly of the structure;

d) brackets with holes are rigidly fixed to the ends of the spring latches from the inside, through which a steel flexible cable is stretched, fixed with a screw from the outside of the second tubular element, which will ensure that all spring latches are pressed simultaneously, working with one screw, which will reduce the complexity of maintenance and increase security;

e) closed bushings are pressed from the outside of the first, second tubular elements, flanges of the tractor and the towing machine, which eliminates the possibility of dirt getting into the structure and premature wear and malfunction of the device.

The device is illustrated by drawings, where

figure 1 presents a section of the safety device of the driveshaft,

figure 2 rendered types I-I, A,

figure 3 shows sections BB, BB,

figure 4 shows views of G and II-II, section DD.

The device consists of a cardan shaft 1 of the drive machine (see Figs. 1-4) and a cardan shaft 2 of the actuator, coaxially mounted with a protective casing, consisting of three tubular elements 3, 4, 5, with the possibility of axial movement relative to these shafts. Shafts 6 and an additional shafts 7 are connected to the driveshafts 1 and 2, respectively, interconnected by an inclusion sleeve 8, which is mounted with sliding bearings 9, rigidly fixed by a locking ring 10 on the cylindrical surface of the step of a smaller diameter of the shaft 6. The inclusion sleeve 8 is mated with its outer spline surface to the inner surface of the additional shaft of the yoke 7 and is connected to the spline surface of the step of the larger diameter of the shaft of the yoke 6 by means of a spline sleeve 11 surface which taken as a fixing means of the bearing 12 and the cup 13, rigidly connected with springy locking latch 14, the internal bore of which is located the bearing outer ring 12, to secure the lid 15 and the inner ring is fixed a lock ring 16 on the outer surface of the splined bushing 11.

The protective casing is made integral of the flanges 17 and 18, respectively, which are rigidly fixed to the drive and actuating machines, connecting rings 20 and 21 are connected to each of these flanges by connecting bolts 19, to which the tubular elements 3 and 4 are rotatably mounted relative to the axes 22 and 23, and therefore, relative to the flanges 17 and 18.

The tubular element 5 with the possibility of axial movement is rigidly connected with the glass 13, which, in turn, is rigidly connected with the tubular element 4 by means of spring latches 14 that move until engagement in the grooves made in the tubular element 4 along the guides with the possibility of axial movement along the first tubular element 3. The tubular element 3 has the possibility of axial movement along the inner surface of the tubular element 5 in case of compensation of the length of the cardan gear when copying the terrain body machine.

In the holes of the first 3, second 4 tubular elements, flanges 17 and 18, bushings 24 are pressed, made closed from the outside, in which the rings 20 and 21, the axes 22 and 23 of the tractor and drive machine flanges are rotated.

At the ends of the springy latches 14, brackets 25 are rigidly fixed from the inside to the holes through which the steel flexible cable 26 is fastened, fixed by a screw 27. At the end of the screw, the cable 26 also passes through the holes in a closed circle.

A magnet 28 is flush mounted on the inside of the third tubular element, a reed switch 29 is flush mounted on the outside of the first tubular element, connected by wires 30 to the tractor’s electric engine start system.

The device operates as follows.

When installing the protective cover of the propeller shaft, the cup 13 with the tubular element 5 moves to the right relative to the tubular element 3 and is rigidly connected to the tubular element 4 by means of spring latches 14, fixing the position of the casing relative to the shaft 6, additional shaft 7 and transmitting torque from the cardan shaft shaft drive machine 1 to the driveshaft of the executive machine 2.

When the tubular elements of the protective casing 3 and 4 are disconnected, the screw 27 is turned in any direction and the cable 26 is tensioned. The cable 26 pulls the brackets 25 to the axial line of the tubular element 5, while the spring latches 14 come out of the engagement groove of the tubular element 3. When moving the tubular element 4 with the glass 13 and the magnet 28 to the left, it is disconnected with the tubular element 3 and the reed switch 29. The magnet 28 leaves the contact zone with the reed switch 29, which is connected by wires 30 to the electric engine starting system, and stops hut torque from the propeller shaft of the drive machine 1 to the driveshaft 2 executive machine.

SHAFT SAFETY DEVICE

LIST OF POSITIONS ON THE DRAWINGS

1 - driveshaft drive machine

2 - driveshaft of the executive car

3 - the first tubular element

4 - second tubular element

5 - the third tubular element

6 - fork shaft

7 - additional shaft plug

8 - inclusion sleeve

9 - plain bearing

10 - a lock ring

11 - splined sleeve

12 - bearing

13 - a glass

14 - spring latch

15 - cover

16 - a lock ring

17, 18 - flange

19 - connecting bolt

20, 21 - connecting rings

22, 23 - axis

24 - sleeve

25 - bracket

26 - cable

27 - screw

28 - magnet

29 - reed switch

30 - wires

31 - screw

Claims (1)

A propeller shaft safety device comprising a protective casing mounted coaxially to the shaft and made up of two rigidly fixed flanges and three tubular elements, two of which are mounted to rotate relative to the flanges, and the third tubular element is made axially movable relative to the first tubular element, a mechanism made in the form of two shaft shafts with external splined surfaces connected by an axially movable splined sleeve with a dimension fixed on it with fixing means, made in the form of a cup rigidly connected to the third tubular element with spring latches, arranged for quick disconnection and rigid connection with the second tubular element having corresponding grooves, the second and third tubular elements are made in the form of cylinders without protrusions, characterized in that a magnet is flush mounted on the inside of the third tubular element, opposite which is mounted flush on the outside of the first tubular element con connected by wires to the electric engine starting system, the grooves are closed on the outside of the second tubular element, and on the inner side of the second tubular element there are guides and grooves for engaging springy latches, to the ends of which brackets with holes are rigidly fixed from the inside, through which a steel flexible cable is stretched, fixed with a screw on the outside of the second tubular element.

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