RU2247226C1 - Hydromechanical slit perforator (variants) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining industry.

SUBSTANCE: device has body, extending cutting tool in form of two cutting disks mounted on axes, pusher piston with central and two side hydraulic channels, provided with two hydromonitoring end pieces. Disks are made with possible forming of two diametrically placed slits in a column. At axes two rockers are jointly mounted, each of which is made in form of two figured plates with apertures, wherein disks axes are positioned. According to one variant rockers are placed at end of pusher piston, and according to another one - on the body. Rotation of rocker with disks is provided for by its interaction with double wedge, mounted according to first variant on the body, according to second one - at lower portion of pusher piston. Mechanism for extending cutting rollers excludes contact of perforator body and the column.

EFFECT: higher reliability, higher manufacturability and higher productiveness.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of drilling and operation of wells, namely, to a device for creating perforations in casing (production) columns, cement stone and rock.

The prior art devices for slotted perforation of casing strings based on the use of a cutting tool in the form of a retractable rolling roller. Such a device is disclosed, for example, in RU 2151858 C1, IPC7 E 21 V 42/114, 06/27/2000, or in RU 2180038 C1, IPC7 E 21 V 43/114, 02/27/2002. The described devices differ mainly in the design of the mechanism of attachment and extension of the cutting tool. The disadvantages of the above devices are the rapid wear of working parts, including the elements on which the rolling roller is mounted, as well as the difficulty of replacing the cutting tool, which requires complete disassembly of the device.

The closest analogue of the proposed cutter can be considered a hydromechanical downhole perforator according to the patent RU 2182221 C1, IPC E 21 B 43/114, 05/10/2002. The drill includes a housing, a cutting tool in the form of a rolling disk, a hydraulic nozzle, a hollow rod filter located in two hydraulic cylinders, a piston-pusher with hydraulic channels associated with the axis of the rolling disk located in the guide grooves of the side plates, which cover the wedge groove containing removable plates. Its components are easy to manufacture and easy to replace.

However, when the cutting tool is exposed unilaterally to the production casing, there is an effort to clamp the device to it, requiring additional efforts to overcome the frictional force when moving the device up and down and leading to its rapid wear.

In addition, the design of the device is quite complex, which reduces its reliability and manufacturability during operation.

The objective of the invention is to increase the reliability and manufacturability of the punch, providing improved process performance. The technical result that provides the proposed invention consists in the possibility of simultaneously forming two diametrically located slots in the production casing, reducing the efforts to move the device due to the lack of contact of the device casing with the casing, increasing its useful life, as well as the manufacturability of the punch during its operation and repair. The device eliminates the time spent on its rotation through 180 ° to roll the second gap, does not require additional load on hoisting operations.

This technical result is achieved by the implementation of the puncher in two versions, according to the first of which is a hydromechanical slotted puncher containing a housing, a pusher-piston with a central and side hydrochannel equipped with a hydraulic nozzle, a sliding cutting disc mounted on an axis and connected to the pusher-pusher equipped with a double wedge fixed to the housing, an additional retractable cutting disc mounted on an additional axis, while both axes of the cutting discs are mounted on rocker arms pivotally connected by axes with a piston-pusher, arranged to slide along the sides of the double wedge and extend the cutting discs in opposite directions, and the piston-pusher is made with two side hydraulic channels and two hydromonitor nozzles connected to them. Each beam is made in the form of two parallel curly plates, between which a corresponding cutting disc is placed.

According to the second variant, a hydromechanical slotted puncher containing a housing, a pusher piston disposed in it with a central and side hydraulic channel equipped with a hydraulic nozzle, a retractable cutting disc mounted on an axis, equipped with an additional retractable cutting disc mounted on an additional axis, the pusher piston is equipped a double wedge and is made with two lateral hydrochannels and two hydromonitor nozzles connected to them, with each of the axes of the cutting disks mounted at the end of rocker arm pivotally connected by an axis to the housing and mounted with the possibility of sliding on the sides of the double wedge of the piston-pusher and the extension of the cutting discs in opposite directions, while the free ends of the rocker arms are spring-loaded in the direction of each other. Each beam is made in the form of two parallel curly plates, between which a corresponding cutting disc is placed.

Figure 1 and 2 presents two versions of the proposed device in its original position, where thinner lines show the cutting discs in the working position.

The device proposed in the first embodiment contains a piston-pusher 2 installed in the housing 1, to which two rocker arms are pivotally mounted on the axles 3, each of which is made in the form of two figured plates 4, which abut against a double wedge 5 and slide along its sides when the movement of the piston-pusher 2. The rocker arms are mounted on the piston-pusher on one side, and on the opposite side on each figured plate 4 a hole is made under the axis 6, installed between them, on which the cutting discs are placed 7. The piston-pusher 1 is made with a central flushing channel 8 and two side 9, the lower ends of which are equipped with hydraulic nozzles 10.

According to the second variant, the rocker arms formed by the figured plates 4 are pivotally fixed in the housing 1 using the axles 3 located in the middle of each beam, and a double wedge 5 is made on the lower end of the piston-pusher 2. Holes under the axis 6, on which the sliding cutting discs 7 are fixed , are located at one end of the curved rocker plates 4, and at the other end there are sockets 11 for the return spring 12. The central flushing 8 and two side channels 9, as well as the hydraulic nozzles 10 are located in the piston-pusher 2.

The device operates as follows.

On the tubing string, the perforator is lowered into the well to the cutting site. Having installed the device in the well, a direct washing of the pipe cavity and the device cavity is carried out from scale and mechanical impurities that enter the pipe cavity during geophysical work on binding the device to the cutting interval. Then, a ball is lowered into the pipe cavity, which, passing through the tubing suspension, a shear circulation valve and a hollow rod filter (not shown in the drawing), overlaps the central flushing channel 8 of the piston-pusher 2, after which the working pressure is created in the tubing.

In accordance with the first embodiment of the device, when working pressure is created in the pipe cavity, the liquid acts on the plunger 2, moving it translationally. Moving together with the piston-pusher translationally along the axis of the device, the rocker arms pivotally mounted on it through the axis 3 in the form of figured plates 4, between which the cutting discs 7 are located on the axles 6, ensure their sliding along the sides of the double wedge 5 and push the cutting discs 7 all the way with production casing.

By creating stepwise pressure in the tubing cavity, the indentation force of the cutting discs on opposite sides of the production string is increased.

The operation of the device according to the second embodiment occurs similarly, only the extension of the cutting disks occurs due to their interaction with the double wedge 5 located on the lower end of the piston-pusher 2. When it is moved forward, the double wedge spreads the cutting disks in opposite directions, while the rocker arms formed by curly the plates 4, rotate, compressing the spring 12 located between them in the sockets 11, which, when the force is reduced or removed, brings the cutting discs of the device to its original state.

Thus, in the device according to the first embodiment, the rocker arms are pivotally mounted on the piston-pusher and move with it during the translational movement of the piston along the casing string, and according to the second variant, the rocker arms are pivotally mounted on the housing and do not translate together with the piston-pusher, but only turn around their axis.

The slit is rolled by alternately moving the device under pressure up and down by the length of the slit. Slots in the production casing roll out with two cutting discs. After the formation of cracks in the production casing, the pressure in the pipe cavity is raised, and the jet monitor effect is realized. Two jets of liquid exiting through the hydraulic nozzle 10, with high speed, destroy the cement stone and the rock behind the production casing, and wash the cavity along the entire length of the cracks. After washing the cavity, the pressure in the pipes is reset to atmospheric.

The technical and economic advantages of the proposed perforator are as follows.

1. Due to the implementation of the cutting unit, consisting of two cutting discs and two monitor nozzles, the formation of two diametrically located slots in the production casing is ensured simultaneously.

2. Due to the creation of efforts in the formation of two opposite slots, the device is not pressed against the production casing, which eliminates the loss of effort to overcome the friction forces when moving the device up and down. There is no wear of the device case, the production casing does not bend if there is no cement stone behind it.

3. Due to the simplicity of the design of the device, its reliability and manufacturability are ensured: the piston-pusher performs the function of both the piston and the pusher, in addition, it provides the supply of working fluid during direct flushing of the device and the flow of fluid to two monitor nozzles.

4. Due to the use of the rocker arm with cutting discs, its component parts are simple to manufacture and do not require disassembling the device when they are replaced.

Claims (4)

1. A hydromechanical slotted puncher comprising a housing, a pusher piston disposed therein with a central and side hydraulic channel equipped with a hydraulic nozzle, a retractable cutting disc mounted on an axis and connected to the pusher piston, characterized in that it has a double wedge mounted on the housing , an additional retractable cutting disk mounted on an additional axis, while both axes of the cutting disks are mounted on the rocker arms pivotally connected to the piston-pusher, placed with the possibility of sliding tions on the sides of the double wedge and the extension of the cutting disks in opposite directions, and the piston-pusher is formed with two lateral waterway and connected thereto two jet nozzle. 2. The hammer drill according to claim 1, characterized in that each beam is made in the form of two parallel curly plates, between which there is a corresponding cutting disc. 3. A hydromechanical slotted puncher comprising a housing, a pusher piston located therein with a central and side hydraulic channel equipped with a hydraulic nozzle, a retractable cutting disc mounted on an axis, characterized in that it is equipped with an additional retractable cutting disc mounted on an additional axis, a piston -the pusher is equipped with a double wedge and is made with two side hydraulic channels and two hydromonitor nozzles connected to them, with each of the axes of the cutting disks mounted at the end a rocker arm pivotally connected to the housing and mounted to slide along the sides of the housing and mounted to slide on the sides of the double piston-pusher wedge and extend the cutting discs in opposite directions, while the free ends of the rocker arms are spring-loaded in the direction of each other. 4. The hammer drill according to claim 3, characterized in that each beam is made in the form of two parallel curly plates, between which there is a corresponding cutting disc.

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