RU2244684C2 - Device for purification of sewage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: petrochemical and food and other processing industries.

SUBSTANCE: the invention presents a device for purification of sewage and is dealt with designs of sewage treatment plants for purification and averaging of consumption and composition of sewage and may be used for preliminary purification of sewage of the enterprises of processing industries from floating and settling insoluble impurities. The device contains a cylindrical body with a cone-shaped bottomed, a mounted along the axis of the body cylindrical partition, a located above the body reactive water distributor with branch-pipes, a floating device, a rotating rocker arm with a foam pushing plates mounted with the help of a half-coupling to the reactive water distributor at a maximum level of water in the device, a collecting tank mounted with possibility of delivery in it of the circulating water, a pump, a pressure tank-saturator linked by a pressure pipeline with the reactive water distributor. Inside the body there is a ring-type chute, in which the reactive water distributor branch-pipes supplied with diffusers on their ends are placed. The technical result is an increase of efficiency of sewage purification and realization of averaging of consumption and composition of sewage and its purification simultaneously.

EFFECT: the invention ensures increased efficiency of sewage purification and simultaneous realization of averaging of sewage consumption, composition and purification.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to structures of structures for cleaning and averaging the flow rate and composition of wastewater and can be used for pre-treatment of effluents of processing plants from floating and settling insoluble impurities.

A device for averaging wastewater by the concentration of contaminants is known, which is a tank with vertical partitions, distribution and collection trays. Averaging of the wastewater composition occurs due to the separation of the flow by partitions with different lengths of stay of individual parts of the flow in the averager (Sewerage of populated areas and industrial enterprises. Designer Guide. 2nd ed. - M .: Stroyizdat, 1991, p. 99).

The disadvantages of the device are the low degree of averaging of the flow rate and composition of wastewater, precipitation and decay of the sludge in the averager, and the deterioration of water quality as a result.

A device for wastewater treatment is known, which is a reservoir with distribution trays, a suspended flotation chamber integrated in it, equipped with a combined mechanism for collecting foam and sludge. The incoming wastewater is distributed in trays and cleaned of undissolved impurities in the flotation chamber. Light impurities are floated and collected in the form of foam from the surface of the tank, heavy impurities precipitate and are removed from the bottom of the tank. (Ibid., P. 141).

The disadvantages of this device are the complexity of the design and operation of the distribution and prefabricated systems, which are clogged with impurities of wastewater, a low degree of averaging of the flow rate and composition of wastewater. If the flow rate and composition of the wastewater fluctuate, an additional averager is required, as during the operation of the device, there is not enough complete mixing of the liquid, and its discharge is carried out from a constant level fixed by the position of the bypass tray. The device also needs periodic cleaning from contaminants adhering to the internal walls.

A device for averaging and mechanical wastewater treatment is known, which is a cylindrical-conical tank with internal partitions, equipped with a floating spillway chamber and floating foam, as well as pipes for supplying and discharging water, removing foam and sludge (Compact construction for averaging and mechanical treatment of wastewater waters: Information leaflet on scientific and technological achievement No. 89-069. - Kiev: UkrNIINTI, 1989, p.40).

The disadvantage of this facility is the complexity of the design of floating devices for collecting foam and water, the low efficiency of clarification with uneven flow of wastewater, the possibility of decay of wastewater, poor mixing and insufficient averaging of the composition during hours of minimal influx, high water cut of the collected fat mass. When wastewater is in the device for a long time, for example, during hours of minimal inflow, the quality of the treated water deteriorates and the pH of the medium decreases as a result of decay of the contaminants of the precipitate. In small enterprises with one or two shift operation, interruptions in the supply of wastewater are 8-12 hours, and a noticeable deterioration in the quality of water when it is contained in the device is observed, for example, for dairy plants after 2 hours.

The closest technical solution to the proposed invention is a device containing a vertical cylindrical body with a conical bottom, a cylindrical partition placed along the axis of the body, a rotating jet water distributor with nozzles, a foam device that is equipped with a coupling half and is installed freely between the jet water distributor and the top of the cylindrical partition fixed on the water distributor (Patent RU 2083498 C1, 07/10/97. Bull. 10).

In this device, the processes of averaging and settling are separated in time. Averaging of the wastewater composition occurs over a long period of their accumulation in the tank due to the mixing of the liquid with compressed air. Sedimentation and removal of pop-up impurities is carried out only at the maximum water level in the device and in the absence of aeration.

The disadvantages of this device are the necessity of forced aeration of the liquid during its accumulation in the tank, the low efficiency of wastewater treatment and the high humidity of the removed fat mass and sediment due to the short settling time, significant energy costs for supplying compressed air to mix the liquid.

The task to which the invention is directed, is to intensify the operation of the device and increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment while balancing (averaging) their flow rate and composition, reducing the volume and humidity of the removed fat mass.

The technical result consists in the fact that the processes of averaging the flow rate and composition of wastewater occur simultaneously with their treatment. The cleaning efficiency is increased both by increasing the duration of wastewater treatment, and by carrying out a flotation process in the device (more efficient than settling). The implementation of the flotation process in the device simultaneously provides averaging of the composition of the wastewater accumulated in the tank, and prevention of decay of wastewater due to aeration. Removal (flotation) of impurities is carried out all the time while wastewater is accumulating in the device to a level close to the maximum. Uniform drainage of clarified water is ensured by the operation of the float device. Pop-up impurities are removed only at the maximum water level in the device. The rotation of the foam device is carried out due to the energy of the incoming stream, it turns on and off automatically.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that a device for cleaning and averaging the flow rate and composition of wastewater, comprising a cylindrical body with a conical bottom, a cylindrical partition mounted along the axis of the body, a reactive water distributor with nozzles located above the body, a float device, a rotating beam with foam foam plates, provided half-coupling and installed with the possibility of its connection to the reactive water distributor at the maximum water level in the device, is additionally equipped with mnym reservoir mounted to supply it in the circulating water pump, pressure tank saturator-coupled pressure pipe with jet water distributor, and inside the housing an annular tray, wherein the jet nozzles are arranged water distributor provided with diffusers at their ends.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a General view of the device in longitudinal section.

The device consists of a vertical cylindrical body 1 having a conical bottom 2 and an inner cylindrical partition 3, a receiving tank 4, a pump 5 and a pressure tank-saturator 6. A jet water distributor 7 with nozzles 8 equipped with diffusers 9 at their ends is installed above the body. An annular tray 10 is placed on the inner wall of the housing, which includes diffusers 9. Inside the cylindrical partition 3 there is a float device 11 with a drain funnel 12 attached to it from below and a flexible pipe 13. A beam 14 is freely placed on the partition 3 with foam plates 15 attached to it, which, at the maximum water level in the device, rests on the float device 11 and connects to the reactive water distributor 7 using a coupling half 16. The device body also has a tray 17 and a pipe 18 for I collect and remove pop-up impurities, a pipe 19 for draining sediment from the conical part of the device, a pipe 20 for draining purified water.

The receiving tank 4 is equipped with a pipe 21 for supplying circulating water to it and a pipe for supplying the initial waste water 22 with a grate 23 installed on it.

The pressure tank-saturator 6 is equipped with pipes for supplying waste water 24 and air 25, as well as a pipe for discharging the water-air mixture 26.

The device operates as follows. The initial waste water through the pipe 22, after passing through the grate 23, is fed into the receiving tank 4. There, circulating purified water is supplied through the pipe 21. From the receiving tank 4, water is pumped through a pipe 24 to a pressure saturator tank 6, where compressed air is also supplied through pipe 25. In the pressure saturator tank 6, air is dissolved under pressure. The water-air mixture through the pipe 26 is supplied to the jet water distributor 7 and is discharged through the tubes 8 through the diffusers 9 to the tray 10. The rotation of the jet water distributor, carried out due to the energy of the effluent water from the diffusers 9, ensures uniform distribution of wastewater at the entrance to the structure. Due to a sharp decrease in pressure at the outlet of the diffusers 9, air bubbles are released from the water-air mixture and the impurities are flotated in the tray 10 and the space between the housing 1 and the partition 3. Then, the water enters the central chamber formed by the partition 3 and is collected by the funnel 12.

The float device 11 provides a constant flow rate of waste water and averaging the incoming flow rate. When the incoming flow rate changes, the water level in the housing and the position of the float device changes from Hmin to Hmax.

Flotation ensures the separation and floating of undissolved impurities, promotes mixing and averaging, concentration of contaminants and prevention of decay of wastewater during their long stay in the device. Heavy impurities settle in the conical part 2 of the device, and the emerging impurities accumulate in it on the surface of the water. The collection and release of pop-up impurities occurs when the water level in the Hmax device is reached. Surfaced impurities are collected from the surface of the water with foam plates 15 during the rotation of the rocker arm 14, which at the water level Нmax is lifted by the float device 11 and by means of the coupling half 16 is connected to the reactive water distributor 7. When the water level in the structure drops below the mark Нmax, the rocker 14 is disconnected from the reactive water distributor 7 and falls on the partition 3, its movement stops. Thus, the accumulated foam (grease mass) is collected only at the maximum water level in the structure, which reduces the ingress of water and the moisture content of the grease. The collected fat mass is discharged through the tray 17 and the pipe 18, the sediment - under the hydrostatic pressure of the water through the pipe 19. The wastewater treated and averaged over the flow rate and composition is discharged through the pipe 20.

The use of the proposed device for wastewater treatment, for example, dairy plants can reduce the cost of construction of treatment facilities by 25%, operating costs by 1.25 times.

Claims (1)

A wastewater treatment device comprising a cylindrical body with a conical bottom, a cylindrical partition mounted along the axis of the body, a reactive water distributor with nozzles placed above the body, a float device, a rotating rocker arm with foam foam plates mounted with the possibility of attaching by means of a coupling to the reactive water distributor at the maximum water level in the device, characterized in that the device is additionally equipped with a receiving tank, installed with the possibility Strongly feed water circulating therein, pump, pressure tank saturator-coupled pressure pipe with jet water distributor, and inside the housing an annular tray, wherein the jet nozzles are arranged water distributor provided with diffusers at their ends.