RU2243657C2 - Insecticide cover for seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, insecticides.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to insecticide covers for seeds that comprise one or some binding substances taken among the group including polymers and copolymers of polyvinyl acetate, methylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, vinylidene chloride, acryl, cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polysaccharide, and insecticide and a filling agent also. A binding agent forms matrix for insecticide and a filling agent. Also, invention relates to a method for control of insect-pests that involve applying a cover on seeds. Also, invention relates to a method for preparing seeds with cover that involves mixing a binding agent, carrier and insecticide, applying a mixture of seed, drying and applying an additional filming cover. Method for protecting the germinating seedlings involves applying the insecticide cover on seeds. Invention provides reducing the phytotoxic effect of insecticide on seeds.

EFFECT: valuable agricultural properties of insecticide cover.

24 cl, 5 tbl, 5 ex

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Currently, numerous technologies are used for seed treatment, the main purpose of which is to increase the yield. These treatments include, but are not limited to, coating, pelletizing and / or coating the seeds with an additional film coating. For a long time, various fungicide treatments in the form of dusts, liquids or suspensions have been used to combat soil diseases and diseases transmitted by seeds from vegetable seeds. However, the use of insecticides for seed treatment of vegetable crops is much less common than seed treatment with fungicides, and moreover, seed treatment of agricultural crops is even less common compared to seed treatment of vegetable crops.

Modern developments in the field of seed treatment technology are focused on the application of methods for applying pesticides to seeds. The film coating has been studied as a means of applying insecticides such as benfuracarb, chlorpyrifos, chlorphenvinphos and others. Recently, the concentration of these insecticides and other active substances present in the seed coating has been limited due to the direct phytotoxic effect of the insecticide on the seed. The use of the seed coating of the present invention solves the problem of the direct phytotoxic effect of the insecticide on the seed.

Summary of the invention

The present invention relates to an insecticidal coating for a seed, which consists of one or more binders selected from the group comprising polymers and copolymers of polyvinyl acetate, methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, vinylidene chloride, acrylic, cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and polysaccharide, and one or more excipients and effective as an insecticide (insecticidally effective) amount of an insecticide, preferably an organophosphorus insecticide, phenylpyrazole, pyrethroid or imidacloprid where the binder forms the matrix for the insecticide, and the filler allows you to create almost non-phytotoxic for the seed coating.

According to a preferred embodiment, the invention relates to an insecticidal coating for corn seed, which comprises a binder in an amount of from about 0.01 to about 15% based on the weight of the seed, wherein the binder is a vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer or a vinylidene chloride polymer or copolymer, a filler in an amount up to about 70% based on the weight of the seed, an insecticide in an amount from about 0.005 to about 50% based on the weight of the seed selected from the group consisting of imidaclopr id, terboufos, chlorpyrifos, fipronil, teflutrin, chloroethoxyphos, tebupirimfos and their mixtures, where the binder forms the matrix for the insecticide, and the filler (s) make it possible to create a coating that is practically non-phytotoxic for the seed.

According to another preferred embodiment, the invention relates to a method for controlling soil-borne insect pests, such as long-barked flea, comprising applying an insecticidal coating to the seed as described above, wherein the insecticide is applied to the seed in an insecticidally effective amount to control insect pests.

In addition, the invention relates to a method for producing coated seeds, comprising a) mixing one or more binders with an insecticide selected from the group consisting of imidacloprid, terbufos, chlorpyrifos, teflutrin, fipronil, chloroethoxyphos, tebupirimphos, and mixtures thereof, where the binder forms matrix for insecticide; b) applying the mixture to the seed; c) spontaneous drying of the mixture on the seed; and d) applying an additional film coating to the seed.

Another embodiment of the invention is a method for protecting germinating seedlings of cultivated plants from one or more insect pests in the soil area surrounding the germinating seeds, comprising applying an insecticidally effective amount of the insecticidal coating described above to the seeds of the cultivated plant.

The term "area surrounding germinating seeds" in the context of the present description includes the area directly surrounding the seed and young roots.

Often when treated with seed pesticides, pesticides can cause physiological damage to the seed or seedling as a result of the phytotoxic effects of the concentrated pesticide directly on the seed or on the environment surrounding the seed. The novelty of the present invention is that pesticides can be applied in a polymer matrix in pesticidally effective concentrations without harmful phytotoxic effects on the germinating seedling. In particular, it was found that the use of the coating of the present invention is effective in controlling insect pests, such as representatives of the order Coleoptera and Lepidoptera.

The most important object of the present invention is a seed that has been coated to protect the seed or germinating seedling from physiological damage that could potentially be caused by the insecticidal component of the coating.

Another object of the invention is a hybrid seed of corn, which is coated with an insecticide, which contributes to the control of pests from the order Coleoptera, such as representatives of p. Diabrotica, in particular with long-louse flea larvae.

The next object of the present invention is a seed that has been coated with an insecticide, and as a result of the use of the insecticide in the coating, the safety of the insecticide is increased due to the reduced contact of the agricultural worker with the insecticide.

Another object of the invention is an insecticidal coating of the seed, where the insecticide is encapsulated in a matrix, which provides controlled release of the insecticide over a prolonged period of time.

And another object of the invention is to increase the yield of seeds from the seeder, which should result in a more uniform planting of seeds.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to improved seed coatings that are superior in properties to conventional seed coatings including insecticidal components. The invention also relates to the use of insecticides in seed coatings, wherein the insecticide, which when used in other forms is not effective against certain pests, can be incorporated into the seed coat of the present invention in quantities sufficient to be effective against these same insect pests, without exerting an undesirable phytotoxic effect on the seed.

As used herein, the term “coated seed” means a seed that has undergone a procedure by which one or more adhesive coating layers are applied to a seed.

The coating of the present invention includes two main components:

a) one or more binders; and b) an insecticide. The binder serves as a matrix for the insecticide and is preferably present in the seed coating in an amount sufficient to prevent or reduce the levels of phytotoxicity caused by the insecticide.

The binder component of the coating preferably includes an adhesive polymer, which may be natural or synthetic, and which does not have a phytotoxic effect on the seed to be coated. The binder may be selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl acetates, copolymers of polyvinyl acetate (and ethylene), polyvinyl alcohols, copolymers of polyvinyl alcohols, cellulose, including ethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxymethylpropyl cellulose, polyvinyl dihydrodinyl dihydrodinyl vinyl diryntyryne diryntyryne diryntyryne diryntyrynyl vinyl diryntyryntyryl vinyl diryntyryntyryntyryntyryntyryntyryntyryntyryntyryntyryntyryntyryl vinyl proteins, gum arabic, shellacs, vinylidene chloride, vinylidene chloride copolymers, calcium lignosulfonates, acrylic copolymers, starches, polyvinylacryl ilates, zeins, gelatin, carboxymethyl cellulose, chitosan, polyethylene oxide, acrylimide polymers and copolymers, polyhydroxyethyl acrylate, methyl acrylimide monomers, alginate, ethyl cellulose, polychloroprene and their syrups or mixtures thereof. Preferred binders include polymers and copolymers of vinyl acetate, methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, vinylidene chloride, acrylic, cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polysaccharide. The above copolymers include polymers known in the art, for example, some are marketed under such brands as Rhoplex ™ D-60A, Methocel ™ A15LV, Methocel ™ E15LV, CVellosize ™ QP, AirFlex ^™ 500, Daratak ™ SP 1090, Elvanol ™ 85-30, Rhoplex ™ AC-33-NP, Rhoplex ™ B-85 and Vinamul® 18132. Particularly preferred classes of polymers include polymers and copolymers of vinylidene chloride and copolymers of vinyl acetate and ethylene.

The amount of binder in the coating can be from about 0.01 to 15%, based on the weight of the seed. Preferably, it should be in the range of about 0.1 to 10.0%, based on the weight of the seed.

The binder must be selected so that it serves as a matrix for the insecticide. Since all of the above binders can serve as a matrix, the choice of a particular binder is determined by the properties of the insecticide. The term "matrix" in the context of the present description refers to a continuous solid phase consisting of one or more binders, which contains vacancies, voids or spaces occupied by the insecticide and the filler. The concept of "matrix" is given in a broad sense and implies that it can be a matrix system, a reservoir system or a microencapsulated system. Typically, the matrix system includes an insecticide and an excipient uniformly dispersed in the polymer, and the reservoir system includes a single insecticidal phase, particles or droplets of the insecticide physically dispersed in the surrounding polymer that limits the rate. Microencapsulation involves coating small particles or drops of liquid. The term "microencapsulation" is applicable not only to coated particles or droplets, but also to dispersions in a solid matrix. Not limited to a specific encapsulation system (matrix, reservoir or microencapsulation), the concept of "matrix" includes all of the above systems.

The invention also relates to the use of fillers in insecticidal coatings, such as absorbent or inert fillers. It has been found that the use of fillers in coatings is especially effective for protecting the seed in stressful situations. Fillers for such compositions are known in the art and may include wood flour, clays, activated carbon, sugars, diatomaceous earth, cereal flour, finely ground inorganic solids, calcium carbonate, and the like. Clays and inorganic solids that may be used include calcium bentonite, kaolin, white clay, talc, perlite, mica, vermiculite, silicas, silica powder, montmorillonite, and mixtures thereof. Sugars that may be used include dextrin and maltodextrin. Cereal flour includes wheat flour, oatmeal, and barley flour. Preferred fillers include diatomaceous earth, perlite, silica and calcium carbonates, and mixtures thereof. For example, a product containing diatomaceous earth and amorphous silica, commercially available from Celit Corporation (Celite ™), is most preferred. One skilled in the art will appreciate that suitable materials are not limited to this list and that other known excipients may be used depending on the seed to be coated and the insecticide included in the coating.

The filler is selected so that it provides an appropriate microclimate for the seed, for example, the filler is used to increase the rate of application of the active substance and to regulate the controlled release of the active substance. The filler contributes to the manufacture of the coating or the process of coating the seed. Its effect varies, since in some cases the formulation of the insecticide may contain a filler. The amount of filler used may vary, but typically the mass of the filler components should be from about 0.005 to 70% by weight of the seed, more preferably from about 0.01 to 50%, and most preferably from about 0.1 to 15%. A filler may be added to the coating of the invention together with an insecticidal component. In the specific examples provided herein, readily available commercially available compositions of known insecticides are used in which the excipient is already included in the composition.

Suitable insecticides include insecticides selected from azoles, for example triazoles, azines, pyrethroids, organophosphorus compounds, carbamoyloximes, pyrroles, pyrazoles, pyridines, amidines, halogenated hydrocarbons and carbamates, and combinations and derivatives thereof. Particularly preferred classes of insecticides include insect growth regulators (e.g., Mimic ™), organophosphorus insecticides (e.g., Fortress ™), phenylpyrazoles and pyrethroids. Preferred insecticides include known compounds such as terbufos, chlorpyrifos, fipronil (Regent ™), chloroethoxyphos, teflutrin, fiprles, phenoxycarb, diophenolane (Aware ™), pimethrosine (Chess ™), carbofuran, tebupirimfos and imidacloprid Admire ™), including imidacloprid analogues, such as (substituted or unsubstituted) nitro-, oxo- or cyano-substituted guanidines, enamines, iminomorpholines, piperazines, iminopiperazines, oxapiperazines, oxadiazines, oxapyridines, diazocyclohexanes, diazocyclohexanes, diazocyclohexanes, and Most preferred are imidacloprid and imidacloprid analogues, for example those described in US Pat. No. 5,034,542, terboufos, chlorpyrifos, fipronil, teflutrin, chloroethoxyphos, tebupyrimphos, and mixtures thereof, for example imidacloprid and teflutrin.

It has been found that for treating the seeds of the present invention, compounds of general formula (I) are particularly preferred:

where A denotes an unsubstituted or substituted by 1-4 substituents aromatic or non-aromatic monocyclic or bicyclic heterocyclic radicals, in which 1-2 of substituents A can be selected from the group consisting of haloC ₁ -C ₃ alkyl, cyclopropyl, halocylpropyl, C ₂ -C ₃ alkenyl, C ₂ -C ₃ alkynyl, haloC ₂ -C ₃ alkenyl, halo C ₂ -C ₃ alkynyl, haloC ₁ -C ₃ alkoxy, C ₁ -C ₃ alkylthio, haloC ₁ -C ₃ alkylthio, allyloxy, propargyloxy, allylthio , propargylthio, haloallyloxy, haloallylthio, cyano and nitro, and 1-4 of substituents A can be selected from the group s consisting of C ₁ -C ₃ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₃ alkoxy and halogen;

R is hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl, phenylC ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₃ -C ₆ cycloalkyl, C ₂ -C ₆ alkenyl or C ₂ -C ₆ alkynyl; and

X is N-NO ₂ or N-CN,

or, if necessary, their tautomers, in each case in free form or in salt form.

A particularly preferred insecticide from the compounds of general formula (I) is a compound in which A is

and X is N-NO ₂ , i.e. compound of formula II:

The compound of formula II can be used individually or in combination with other pesticides, for example with teflutrin. Other combinations of pesticides, for example pyrethroids and organophosphorus insecticides, are also suitable.

Plant growth regulators, such as metoprene and hydroprene, may also be included. They are well known to those skilled in the art.

The amount of insecticide in the coating can vary widely depending on the type of seed and the specific active ingredient, but in general it is from about 0.005 to 50% based on the weight of the seed. Preferably, the percentage of insecticide is from about 0.01 to 40%. Most preferably, the percentage of insecticide is from about 0.05 to 20.0%. In particular, for chlorpyrifos it is in the range of from about 0.5 to 20.0%, preferably from about 1.0 to 15%; for teflutrin, it is in the range of from about 0.01 to 10.0%, preferably from about 0.05 to 5.0%; for tebupirimfos it is in the range of from about 0.01 to 5.0%, preferably from about 0.05 to 3.0%; for fipronil, it is in the range of from about 0.01 to 10.0%, preferably from about 0.05 to 5.0%; and for imidacloprid and insecticides analogous to imidacloprid, it is in the range of about 0.01 to 10.0%, preferably about 0.05 to 5.0%.

It will be apparent to one of skill in the art that the exact amount should vary depending on the size of the seed to be coated. The coating insecticide should not inhibit seed germination and should remain effective throughout the life cycle of the target insects that cause damage to the crop. It should be apparent to one skilled in the art that this time, in addition to other factors, should vary greatly depending on the type of target insect. As a rule, the coating should remain effective for approximately 0-120 days after sowing. The coating of the present invention should contain an amount of insecticide that has insecticidal activity. The term "insecticidally effective amount of an insecticide" in the context of the present description refers to the amount of insecticide, which should destroy insect pests at the stage of the larva or pupa or should significantly reduce the amount of damage or slow down the appearance of new damage caused by insect pests.

When an oil type composition is used as the insecticidal component used for coating and only a small amount of filler is present in the coating or is absent, it may be necessary to speed up the drying process by drying the composition. This optional procedure can be carried out using methods well known to those skilled in the art and includes the addition of calcium carbonate, kaolin or bentonite clay, perlite, diatomaceous earth or any adsorbent material that is carried out simultaneously with the introduction of an insecticidal coating layer in order to adsorb oil or excess moisture. The amount of calcium carbonate or related compounds for drying a portion of the solution should be from about 0.5 to 10.0 wt.%

The coatings obtained according to the invention have the ability to effect a slow release of the insecticide by diffusion or passage through the matrix into the environment.

In fact, according to the invention, the seed of any crop can be processed, for example, the seeds of cereals, vegetables, ornamental and fruit crops. In particular, cultivated plants whose seeds can be processed are selected from the group consisting of corn (sugar and ordinary), soybean, wheat, barley, oats, rice, cotton, sunflower, alfalfa, sorghum, rapeseed, sugar beets, Brassica spp. , tomatoes, beans, carrots, tobacco, as well as flower crops, such as violet, touchy (balsam), petunia and geranium. Most preferred crops whose seeds can be processed include corn and soy.

Preferred target pests include soil-borne insects from orders:

Coleoptera, primarily Diabrotica spp. (long-lobed flea western, southern and northern), for example D. balteata, D. virgifera, D. undecimpunctata and D. longicornis; Melanotus spp. (corn nutcracker larva); Phyllophaga spp. (vermiform larvae, wireworms and false wireworms); Limonius spp. (sugar beet nutcracker larva) and Agrrotes spp. (larvae of the nutcracker, wheat, larvae of the cheesecake and grain-eating);

Lepidoptera, most notably Peridroma spp. (scoop daisy); Euhoa spp. (caterpillar-worms) and Agrotis spp. (ipsilon scoop);

Diptera, most notably Hylemya spp. (growth fly larva) and Tetanops spp. (sugar beet root fly larva);

Homoptera, most notably Pemphigus spp. (root aphid of sugar beet) and Aphis spp. (root aphid of corn).

The insecticidal coating is particularly suitable for incorporating high concentrations of the insecticide that are necessary to control, as a rule, resistant species, such as long-nosed flea larvae, but at the same time inhibiting the undesirable phytotoxic effect associated with high concentrations of the insecticide.

Most preferred target organisms include, in addition to Diabrotica spp., Agrotis ypsilon; Melanotus cribulosus; Hylemya cilicrura; Agonoderus lecontei; Feltia subgotica and Phyllophaga rugosa.

According to another embodiment, a plasticizer may be included in the insecticidal solution. As a rule, plasticizers are used to obtain a film, which makes the insecticidal coating layer more flexible, improves adhesion, spreadability, and increases processing speed. The increased elasticity of the film is important to minimize peeling, breaking, or flocculation during processing or during sowing. Numerous plasticizers may be used, however, the most preferred plasticizers include polyethylene glycol, glycerin, butylbenzylphthalate, glycolbenzoates and related compounds. The percentage of plasticizer in the layer of insecticidal coating may be from about 0.1 to about 20%.

In addition to the insecticidal coating layer, the seeds can be treated with one or more of the following ingredients: other pesticides, including fungicides and herbicides; antidotes (protective agents) for herbicides; fertilizers and / or biological control agents. These ingredients may be added as a separate layer or may be added to the insecticidal coating layer.

Suitable pesticides include those described herein and listed in the Pesticide Manual, 9th ed. ed. Charles Worthing, published by the British Crop Council, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Fungicides can be applied to the seed before applying the coating described above. Application of fungicide in the form of dust, suspension or the like. is a well-known seed treatment method in the art and the resulting layer is not considered a coating layer in the context of the present description. Examples of suitable fungicides include captan (N- (trichloromethyl) thio-4-cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboximide); thiram (tetramethylthioperoxydicarboxylic diamide); metalaxyl (methyl-N- (2,6-dimethylphenyl) -N- (methoxyacetyl) -DL-alaninate); fludioxonil (4- (2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxol-4-yl) -1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile); and oxadixyl (N- (2,6-dimethylphenyl) -2-methoxy-N- (2-oxo-3-oxazolidinyl) acetamide). Other effective fungicides suitable for controlling harmful pathogens are known to the person skilled in the art, which not only solve the problem in the specific area in which the coated seeds are to grow, but can also be used to protect the seeds during storage before planting.

The amount of insecticide that can be added varies depending on the activity of the active substance, but, as a rule, can be from about 0.001 to about 10%, based on the weight of the seed, and preferably from about 0.01 to 2.0%. However, in specific cases, these amounts may be increased or decreased.

Suitable herbicides include herbicides selected from carbamates, thiocarbamates, acetamides, in particular chloroacetamides, triazines, dinitroanilines, glycerol ethers, pyridazinones, uracils, phenoxy derivatives, ureas and benzoic acids and their derivatives. Suitable antidotes include, for example, benzoxazine, benzhydryl derivatives, N, N-diallyldichloroacetamide, various dihaloacyls, oxazolidinyl and thiazolidinyl derivatives, ethanone, naphthalene anhydride derivatives and oxime derivatives.

Acceptable biological control agents are bacteria R.R. Rhizobium, Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Serratia and fungi Trichoderma, Glomus and Gliocladium and mycorrhizal fungi.

The above compounds are given only as examples and should not be considered as an exhaustive list of compounds that can be used in the layer of insecticidal coating or in other additional coating layers.

For the coating of the invention, conventional coating methods can be used. In addition, various coating machines are known to those skilled in the art. Three well-known methods include the use of drum coiling machines and methods based on the use of a fluidized bed. Other methods may also be used, for example, based on applying current layers. Seeds may be sized prior to coating. After coating, the seeds are dried and then optionally separated by size by transfer to a sorting machine. These machines are well known in the art, for example, are a conventional machine that is used in industry for sorting corn seeds.

Film-forming compositions for coating coated seeds are well known in the art and additional film coating may optionally be applied to seeds coated with the present invention. An additional film coating protects the coating layers and optionally makes it easy to identify treated seeds. Typically, the additives are dissolved or dispersed in a liquid adhesive, usually in a polymer in which the seeds are dipped or which is applied to the seeds by spraying before drying. Alternatively, a powdery adhesive may be used. A variety of materials are suitable for additional coating, including but not limited to methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, dextrin, resins, waxes, vegetable or paraffin oils; water-soluble or water-dispersible polysaccharides and their derivatives, such as alginates, starch and cellulose; and synthetic polymers such as polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone and their copolymers and related polymers and mixtures thereof.

Other materials may be added to the additional coating, including optionally plasticizers, dyes, brighteners, and surfactants such as dispersants, emulsifiers, and flow agents, including, for example, calcium stearate, talc, and vermiculite. Additional pesticides, such as fungicides, can be added to the film coating, but it has been found that the fungicides that were originally treated with the seeds provide a higher level of protection than when added with an additional coating. For applying a film coating, the methods described above for coating using a fluidized bed or a drum can be applied.

An additional film coating is applied to the seed in an amount of from about 0.01 to about 20%, based on the weight of the seed. Preferably in the range of from about 0.01 to about 10.0%, and most preferably in the range of from about 0.01 to 5.0%. The preferred solution should vary depending on the particular active ingredient. A preferred additional coating film may include methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, polyvinyl acetate, PEG, and mixtures thereof. In addition, depending on the type of insecticide, the film for additional coating may include a compound that is repellent to birds. Such compounds are known in the art and include, for example: anthraquinone, methylanthranilate, capsaicin and oxidized tetracyclic triterpenoids (also called cucurbitacins), which are described in US Pat. No. 5,292,533. In addition, these compounds can also be added to the insecticidal coating layer.

Other valuable properties may be obtained depending on the germplasm and seed of the crop to be coated, as a result of additional treatments prior to coating, such as a lock or treatment with growth regulators or biological control agents.

When locked, the seeds are treated until moisture is sufficient to accelerate germination, but not enough to cause premature germination. Examples of lock methods are known in the art and include a drum lock and a step lock.

Growth regulators that may be added prior to coating include auxins, cytokines, gibberillins, ethylene, abscisic acid, IAA (indolylacetic acid), IAA (α-naphthylacetic acid), IMA (indolylbutyric acid), ethephone, acetamide, maleic hydrazine and similar compounds. Biological treatment can also be used to improve seed performance and to help fight pests.

The seeds coated according to the invention have the following advantages.

They have a lower risk for the agricultural worker when handling and in contact with them as a result of reduced contact with the powdered preparation. Pesticides can be applied evenly, while preventing the loss of pesticide during transportation and processing. Phytotoxicity against seeds and developing seedlings is reduced and, as a result, there is no harmful effect on the germination, emergence and development of seedlings. In addition, the application of pesticides, especially insecticides, closer to the nutrition zone of soil insects, can increase the effectiveness of insect control.

The following specific embodiments of the invention are provided by way of example only.

Example 1: Seeds coated with an insecticidal coating

a. Five pounds of corn seeds pretreated with fungicide Captan 400 and Pro-Ized Red are coated using a Vector LDCS coating machine. The seeds are heated for about 5 minutes in a tub rotating at a speed of about 20 rpm, at an air flow rate of 31-32 cubic feet / min and at a pressure of 20 psi. 992 g of an insecticidal solution containing 183 g of Lorsban ™ 50-SL, which contains 50% chlorpyrifos as an active ingredient, as well as 50% of a previously prepared inert filler, 47 g of Airflex ™ 500 (vinyl acetate-ethylene) and 762 g of water , sprayed on the seeds until all the prepared solution is used. The inlet air temperature is about 50 ° C and can be periodically adjusted in order to maintain the temperature of the seeds at about 35 ° C or lower, since otherwise germination may be affected.

b. The seeds are treated according to the procedure described above, but 334.0 g of an insecticidal solution including 51.87 g of 27.9% teflutrin (active ingredient of Force ™ 30CS), 21.0 g of Vinamul ^® 18132 (vinyl acetate-ethylene) is applied to the seeds ), 30 g of Celite ™ 266 and 231.0 g of water.

in. (1) The seeds are treated according to the procedure described above, but 900 g of an insecticidal solution containing 15.5 g of 92% tebupirimphos (active ingredient of the preparation Mat ™ 7484), 90 g of Celite ™ 266, 22 g of Airflex ™ 500 ( vinyl acetate-ethylene) and 772 g of water.

(2) The seeds are treated according to the procedure described above using the insecticidal solution described in section (1), but without Celite ™ 266. A total of 30 g of calcium carbonate is applied to the seeds during the coating process as a desiccant.

d. Seeds are treated according to the procedure described above, but 293 g of an insecticidal solution including 11.4 g of 80% fipronil (active ingredient of Regent ™), 22.6 g of Celite ™ 266, 9 g of Airflex ™ 500 and 250 g of water.

Lorsban ™ 50-SL; active substance - O, O-diethyl-O- (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl) thiophosphate, Dow Elanco

Force ™ 30CS; active substance - [1α, 3α (Z)] - (±) - (2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-methylphenyl) methyl-3- (2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1- propenyl) -2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate, Zeneca Inc.

Mat ™ 7484; active substance - O- [2- (1,1-dimethylethyl) -5-pyrimidinyl] -O-ethyl-O- (1-methylethyl) thiophosphate, Waueg company

Regent ™; the active substance is 5-amino-1- (2,6-dichloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl) -3-cyan-4-trifluoromethanesulfinylpyrazole, manufactured by Rhone-Poulenc.

Example 2: Coating Seeds Coated

An additional film coating is applied to each group of seeds coated with the coating described in Example 1. For additional coating use the same machine and settings. The inlet temperature of the machine is 50 ° C, and it is periodically adjusted to maintain the seed temperature at about 35 ° C or lower. A solution containing 438 g of water, 2.2 g of Methocel K100M, 0.36 g of PEG 8000, 5.8 g of red dye Pgo-Ized, 0.73 g of calcium stearate GP Hytech 5899 and 22, is sprayed on the seeds for 15 minutes 2 g AirfFlex.

Example 3: Results of assessing seed germination and determining germination in the field

Hybrid corn seed germination is tested according to the rules of the Association of Official Seed Analysts (AOSA)). For different germination experiments, both a paper towel and soil are used. In addition, after 7-10 days after germination, shoots and roots of seedlings are separated. To assess the growth of the seedling, the dry mass of shoots and roots is determined. To determine germination in the field, hybrid maize seeds are sown in the states of Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Nebraska, Illinois and Ohio in a fractional plot, using two rows for each treatment option, the experiments are carried out in four replicates. The number of seedlings for each treatment option is counted on every second day, starting from the first day of the emergence of plants, and continue until 21 days after emergence. Germination is determined (in%) for all treatment options in all geographical areas, these data are presented in table 1. From this table it is seen that seed coating does not adversely affect seedling germination. Processing options are presented below.

Processing option 1 (a): the seeds are treated according to the procedure described in example 1 (a).

Processing option 1 (b): the seeds are treated with chlorpyrifosome according to the procedure described in example 1 (a), except that no binder is used (Airflex ™ 500).

Processing option 2: the seeds are treated according to the procedure described in example 1 (b).

Processing option 3: the seeds are treated according to the procedure described in example 1 (b) (1).

Processing option 4: the seeds are treated according to the procedure described in example 1 (g).

Processing option 5: the seeds are treated with fungicide captan (Captan 400).

Processing option 6: the seeds are treated according to the procedure described in example 2.

Table 1 Option Germination (%) Shoots The roots Germination processing Paper The soil (mg) (mg) corn (in%) 4 days 7 days 1 (a) 99 95 95 10,2 12.55 88 Kb) 70 80 * 2 98 - - 81 3 98 13.5 11.6 87 4 99 13.1 12.95 86 5 99 - - 87 b 99 95 97 11.67 13.14 88 * Seedlings are heterogeneous and grow very slowly

Example 4: Effect of a filler used in a coating on phytotoxicity

To assess the effect of filler on the reduction of phytotoxicity, we used a highly sensitive test for growing seeds in a saturated atmosphere in cold conditions. In this example, the seeds are grown at 10 ° C in an atmosphere with a low oxygen content and in water-saturated conditions for 5 days, and then to complete the germination process is continued at 25 ° C. Data on germination (in%) when grown in a saturated atmosphere in cold conditions and on germination (in%) in the field are presented in table 2.

table 2 Hybrid seed Processing option Germination (in%) when grown in a saturated atmosphere in cold conditions Germination (%) of corn N4242 in 1) 72 88 N4242 in 2) 66 84 N7590 in 1) 71 N7590 in 2) 54

The results indicate that the composition in (1), containing the filler, increases the percentage of germination and germination.

Example 5: Experience in the study of efficacy against flea deer

Hybrid corn seeds with and without insecticidal coating are planted in Nebraska, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin and Illinois to determine the effectiveness of various seed treatment options in standard experiments. All seeds are pretreated with a fungicide captan regardless of whether they are coated or not. In addition, all seeds having a coating are coated with an additional coating, which is the coating described in Example 2. The granular insecticides intended for tape application are applied on the basis of the flow rates specified in the manufacturers instructions using a granular insecticide application machine. In each geographical area for each treatment option, a plot is used, which is two rows of 10 feet long at a distance of 30 inches from each other, experiments are carried out in four replicates. On the both sides of the corn plants in a row, larvae of the 1st age of the long-elongated western flea, at the rate of 800 eggs per foot row, are introduced using an inter-row cultivator. The introduction of insect larvae is carried out when the seedlings of corn are approximately at the stage of two leaves. The larvae are placed approximately two inches laterally from the corn plants and two inches deep from the soil surface. The plots are cultivated according to common agricultural practice until the corn plants reach the flowering stage. In the late brown silk phase, 10 successive plant roots are selected from each plot. To do this, the corn stalks are cut at a distance of about 12 inches above the soil line. Each root is washed and, after washing the roots, they are graded 1–6 using the Iowa Root Rating Method developed by the University of Iowa (Hills and Peters, 1971) and is typically used in areas cultivating corn. According to this scale, a score of 1 corresponds to the absence of damage or the presence of only very small scarring associated with the nutrition of insects; a score of 2 corresponds to noticeable scars associated with insect nutrition, but the roots are not bitten off at a distance of 1.5 inches from the plant; a score of 3 corresponds to the case when several roots are nibbled at a distance of up to 1.5 inches from the plant, but none of the equivalents of the full root node are destroyed; score 4 corresponds to the option when one root node is completely destroyed; a score of 5 corresponds to the option when two root nodes are completely destroyed, and a score of 6 corresponds to the option when three or more root nodes are completely destroyed. The term "completely destroyed root" means a root that is split off at a distance of up to 1.5 inches from the base. Split roots should not come from a single node, but all split roots must correspond to the equivalent of a complete node in order to be considered a destroyed node. The averaged results for scoring the roots are shown below in table 3.

In addition, in order to assess the role of insecticidal coating of seeds in the fight against long-flea flea, biological tests are carried out in the growing chamber and in the greenhouse. For experimentation, in a growing chamber, the corn seed is sown in a cup containing 16 ounces of Jiffymix garden mix and allowed to grow for 2 weeks. In Jiffymix, 20 newborn long-louse flea larvae are introduced near the roots of the corn and allow them to feed for about 2 weeks. Then carry out the calculation of the larvae and determine the mortality of the larvae in%. The root of each corn plant is washed and, after washing the roots, they are graded 1-6 using the Iowa Root Rating Method developed by the University of Iowa (Hills and Peters, 1971). Some of the results obtained are shown below in table 4. The experiment in the greenhouse was carried out using vegetation vessels of 2 gallons filled with soil with a particle size of 20 mesh for growing corn in the field. In each vegetation vessel, when the corn plants reach the stage of 4-5 leaves, 40 long-louse flea larvae are placed and allowed to feed for 2-3 weeks. The root of each corn plant is washed and, after washing the roots, they are graded 1-6 using the Iowa Root Rating Method developed by the University of Iowa (Hills and Peters, 1971). Some of the results are shown below in table 4.

Table 3 Field Results for Long-Demois Flea in the Field Processing option Root score only captan 4.7 additional coverage only 4,5 example 1 (a) 3.43 example 1 (b) 3.0 example 1 (c) (2) 3.2 example 1 (g) 3,55 Lorsban ™ 15 G (granular) soil T-band (for tape application to the soil) * 3.0 Aztec ™ 2.1 G soil T-band * 2,8 Force ™ 1.5 G soil T-band * 2.6 * According to the flow rates indicated on the label and the manufacturer's instructions for use

Lorsban 15 G - 15% O, O-diethyl-O- (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl) thiophosphate, Dow Elanco

Aztec 2.1 G - 2% O- [2- (1,1-dimethylethyl) -5-pyrimidinyl-O-ethyl-O- (1-methylethyl) thiophosphate and 0.1% cyan (4- fluoro-3-phenoxyphenyl) methyl-3- (2,2-dichloroethyl) -2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate, Waueg Force 1.5 G - 1.5% [1α, 3α (Z)] - (±) - (2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-methylphenyl) methyl-3- (2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propenyl) -2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate, Zeneca Inc.

Table 4 The results of the determination of the biological activity against flea dander Option Vegetation chamber Greenhouse processing Mortality (%) Root score Root score only captan 27 5.57 4.02 Processing option Vegetation chamber Greenhouse Mortality (%) Root score Root score example 1 (a) 87 3,55 3.15 example 1 (c) 96 1.44 2.15 Kg example) 80 3.75 -

Example 6: Experiments on the study of effectiveness against flea longyen (Table 5)

Corn seeds are treated according to the procedures described in examples 1 and 2. For an insecticidal solution that contains a compound of formula II as an insecticide, a mixture of methyl cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol as a binder and Celite 266 as a filler are used. Evaluation of biological activity is carried out according to the method described in example 4. To score the roots using a scale developed in Iowa from 1 to 6.

Table 5 The results of the determination of the biological activity against flea dander Processing Option (mg / seed) Vegetation chamber (16 ounce cup) Greenhouse (2 gallon growing vessel) Root score Root score the control 5.69 4,54 teflutrin 50% (1.0) 2,30 3.52 compound of formula II: (0,01) 5.30 (0.03) 4.30 (0.3) 2.70 (0.6) 2.10 2.73 (0.8) 2,30 (1,0) 2.10 Processing Option (mg / seed) Vegetation chamber (16 ounce cup) Greenhouse (2 gallon growing vessel) Root score Root score (1,2) 3.08 (1,5) 2.96 (2.0) 2.90 Raze * / compound of formula II (0.01) 2.48 2.63 Raze * / compound of formula II (0.01) 1.87 2,34 * Raze ™ is a teflutrin-based formulation for seed treatment (0.13 mg / seed) that is marketed by Wilber Ellis for wireworm control. It was found that seed treatment only Raze ™ does not have any significant activity against the Western long-louse flea (BDZ).

Claims (25)

1. Insecticidal coating for seed, including: a) one or more binders selected from the group consisting of polymers and copolymers of polyvinyl acetate, methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, vinylidene chloride, acrylic, cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and polysaccharide; b) an insecticidally effective amount of an insecticide for controlling representatives of p.Diabrotica or their larvae, selected from imidacloprid, an imidacloprid analogue, an organophosphorus compound, phenylpyrazole or pyrethroid or a mixture thereof; and c) one or more fillers, moreover, the binder forms a matrix for the insecticide and filler and is present in an amount effective to prevent or reduce the phytotoxic effect of the seed caused by the insecticide. 2. The coating according to claim 1, including an additional film coating. 3. The coating according to claim 1, where the seed is selected from the group comprising seeds of soybean, sugar beet, corn, sunflower, alfalfa, sorghum, rape and tobacco. 4. The coating according to claim 3, where the seed is a seed of corn. 5. The coating according to claim 1, where the filler is a filler with absorbent properties selected from the group comprising diatomaceous earth, perlite, silicon dioxide, calcium carbonates and mixtures thereof. 6. Seed coated according to claim 1. 7. The coating according to claim 1, where the insecticide is a compound of General formula (I)

where A denotes an unsubstituted or substituted by 1-4 substituents aromatic or non-aromatic monocyclic or bicyclic heterocyclic radicals, in which 1-2 of substituents A can be selected from the group consisting of haloC ₁ -C ₃ alkyl, cyclopropyl, halocylpropyl, C ₂ -C ₃ alkenyl, C ₂ -C ₃ alkynyl, haloC ₂ -C ₃ alkenyl, haloC ₂ -C ₃ alkynyl, haloC ₁ -C ₃ alkoxy, C ₁ -C ₃ alkylthio, haloC ₁ -C ₃ alkylthio, allyloxy, propargyloxy, allylthio, propargylthio, haloallyloxy, haloallylthio, cyano and nitro, and 1-4 of substituents A may be selected from the groups s, including C ₁ -C ₃ alkyl, C ₁ -C ₃ alkoxy and halogen; R is hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₆ alkyl, phenyl C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl, C ₃ -C ₆ cycloalkyl, C ₂ -C ₆ alkenyl or C ₂ -C ₆ alkynyl; and X is N-NO ₂ or N-CN, or its tautomer, or it is possible, in each case in free form or in salt form, terboufos, chlorpyrifos, fipronil, teflutrin, chloroethoxyphos or tebupirimfos, or mixtures thereof. 8. The coating according to claim 7, where the insecticide is a compound of formula (II)

and optionally teflutrin. 9. The seed according to claim 6, which is coated, further comprising a fungicide. 10. The coating according to claim 1, further comprising a plasticizer. 11. The coating according to claim 1, further comprising a repellent for birds. 12. The coating according to claim 1, in which the filler is a mixture of diatomaceous earth and silicon dioxide. 13. The coating according to claim 1, in which the binder is present in an amount of from 0.01 to 15% based on the weight of the seed, the filler is present in an amount from 0.091 to 50% based on the weight of the seed, and the insecticide is present in an amount of from 0.005 up to 50% in terms of seed weight. 14. An insecticidal coating for corn seed, comprising a binder in an amount of from about 0.01 to about 15%, based on the weight of the seed, the binder being a copolymer or polymer of vinyl acetate and ethylene or a copolymer of vinylidene chloride, a filler in an amount of from about 0, 01 to about 50% based on the weight of the seed, the filler being a mixture of diatomaceous earth and silicon dioxide, and an insecticidally effective amount of a compound having activity against the long-flea flea or its larvae, selected from the group of compounds comprising compounds of formula (II), imidacloprid, teflutrin and mixtures thereof, and which is present in an amount of from about 0.005 to about 50%, based on the weight of the seed. 15. A method of combating insect pests that damage crops, comprising applying to the seed an insecticidal coating according to claim 1. 16. The method according to clause 15, where the seed is a seed of corn. 17. The method according to clause 15, where the insect is an insect from p.Diabrotica. 18. The method according to clause 15, where the insect is a long-nosed flea. 19. A method of combating insect pests that damage crops, comprising applying an insecticidal coating to a seed according to claim 14. 20. A method of producing coated seeds, comprising a) mixing a binder selected from the group comprising copolymers or polymers of vinyl acetate and ethylene or copolymers of vinylidene chloride or a mixture thereof, and a carrier selected from the group comprising diatomaceous earth, perlite, silicon dioxide, calcium carbonates and mixtures thereof, and an insecticide selected from the group consisting of terboufos, chlorpyrifos, teflutrin, fipronil or tebupirimfos; b) applying the mixture to the seed; c) spontaneous drying of the mixture on the seed; and d) applying an additional film coating to the seed. 21. Seed coated according to the method of claim 20. 22. A method of protecting germinating seedlings of a cultivated plant from one or more insect pests in the soil area surrounding the germinating seeds, comprising applying an insecticidally effective amount of coating to the seeds of the cultivated plant according to claim 1. 23. The method according to item 22, where the cultivated plant is a corn. 24. The method according to item 22, where the insect is an insect from p.Diabrotica. 25. The method according to paragraph 24, where the insect is a long-nosed flea.