RU2242801C2 - Eternal calendar - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: computers and chronology.

SUBSTANCE: device has table of ages and years, horizontal line for years memory and additionally a set of table calendars containing information for all twenty-eight variants of years.

EFFECT: broader functional and operational capabilities.

3 cl, 15 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to chronology and computing, in particular to the construction of the perpetual calendar, and can be used in everyday life and other spheres of human life as a perpetual calendar, and also as a time sheet for any year to determine the full calendar dates of the current year that have passed and future years in the new and / or old styles.

The known calendar, made in the form of four interconnected tables:

“First digits of the year from 0 to 22”, “Two last digits of the year”, “First Monday numbers” and “Monday numbers”. Moreover, the table "First digits of the year from 0 to 22" contains information about the first dates of the year from 0 to 22 according to the new style - the Gregorian calendar and the old style - the Julian calendar, presented in separate columns of the table (1).

To determine the day of the week of a particular calendar date, for example, according to a new style, first find the first two digits of the desired year in the new style column, then find the last two digits of the year vertically down in the same column, find the number on this figure in the table of the first Monday the first Monday of the specific search date by which the Monday closest to the search date is found in the "Mondays" table. From the found Monday, the day of the week of a particular calendar date is calculated.

The disadvantage of this calendar is the complexity of its use, as well as the limited number of years presented and the limited information received. The calendar does not contain information regarding the day of the week of a specific date that is being sought, but only gives information on the first Monday, from which it is necessary to go to the Monday number close to the date that is sought. Then calculate on which day of the week the day you are looking for falls. The found day of the week does not provide information about all the days of the week, month and year. And the number of years is practically limited to 2299 years.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a calendar that includes a table of centuries and years, and a horizontal memo of the desired years, in which the table of centuries and years is made in the form of a plane coordinate system with “axes” and digital horizontals that are carriers of secular and annual information, and consist of pairs of numbers formed when dividing years into those, and the horizontal memo is made in the form of numbers covering all 28 variants of years.

The well-known calendar also includes a table for determining the name of the year according to the symbolism of the animal cycle, a table of code numbers for months, and a table for months of the year (2).

The disadvantages of the known calendar are:

- the complexity of the design and use, which leads to a complex and lengthy search for the required date, including the sequential use of the table of centuries and years, horizontal memo years, table of code numbers of the month, table of months and search on it for the day of the week of the desired date;

- limited information received by the days of the week of only one month.

In addition, the information must be supplemented by determining the number of days in the found month, since the table of the number of months is presented in the form of 7 months by 31 days in each month.

These shortcomings are due to the lack of a direct connection between the horizontal numbers of the memo of years and all possible 28 variants of years, presented in the form of complete and detailed information in a simple and generally accessible form in the usual sense and use.

The objective of the invention is to create a perpetual calendar, in which by introducing additional elements, changing the execution form of one of the known elements and a new relationship of calendar elements with each other, it is possible to directly interconnect the horizontal numbers of the memo with all possible 28 variants of years, presented in the form of a complete and detailed information in a simple and accessible form in the usual sense and use of such information.

This problem is solved by the fact that the perpetual calendar, which includes a table of centuries and years and a horizontal memo of years, in which the table of centuries and years is made in the form of a plane coordinate system with "axes" and digital horizontals, which are carriers of secular and annual information, and consist of pairs the numbers formed when dividing the years into those, and the horizontal memo of years is made in the form of numbers covering all 28 variants of years, is additionally equipped with a set of time sheets, calendars covering all 28 possible variants of years, each of which bears the returned information of all the calendar dates of the days of the week of all 12 months of one year from 28 variants of years, and is indicated by a number corresponding to the figure found on the horizontal memo of years, and the horizontal memo of years is made in the form of numbers from one to seven, each figure carrying information about ownership year to a leap or simple year and is the "key" for finding the time sheet calendar corresponding to the desired year.

The problem is also solved by the fact that information about the years belonging to leap years or simple years on the horizontal of the memo is presented, for example, in the form of a letter "c" designating the numbers from 1 to 7, which carry information about the years belonging to leap years, and figures from 1 to 7, made without such a designation, carry information about the years belonging to simple years.

And also the fact that the perpetual calendar is additionally equipped with a table for determining the name of the year according to the symbolism of the animal cycle.

The additional introduction of a set of time sheets and calendars to execute the horizontal memo for years with numbers from 1 to 7 in a sequence determined by the applicant, which cover all 28 possible years and carry information about the years belonging to leap or simple years, as well as a new connection of the horizontal horizontal memo with a table of centuries and years and a set of time-sheets of calendars provide the possibility of direct connection of each horizontal figure of the memo of years with the desired year, presented in the form of a time-sheet in a generally accessible simple form with exact and execution of its constructive and practical use.

This relationship was made possible thanks to the analytical calculation of the horizontal construction of the memo of the desired years, which is based on a sequence of days of the week that correspond to the first of January of all 28 possible years, starting from 0001 - the first year and ending with 0028 - the twenty-eighth year.

However, given that the annual sets of simple years from the point of view of the sequence of days of the week from one month to another are repeated 4 times over 28 years, then the horizontal memo of years is represented by numbers from 1 to 7 in the sequence of digits determined by the applicant, so each horizontal digit of the memo bears additional information about the day of the week from which the first of January of each year begins. In addition, each horizontal digit of the memo, on the one hand, corresponds to the year found using the table of centuries and years, and on the other hand, is the “key” for finding the corresponding time-sheet calendar in the set of time-sheets, covering all 28 possible options years. And each time-sheet calendar in the set of time-sheets of calendars gives full and detailed information of all calendar dates for the year in a convenient, generally accessible form. A set of time-sheets can be presented in the form of 28 time-sheets or, given that the annual sets of calendar dates of simple years, in terms of the sequence of days of the week from one month to the next, are repeated 4 times over 28 years, a set of time-sheets can be presented in in the form of 14 timesheets, seven of which carry the full detailed information of the calendar dates of simple years, and seven other timesheets-calendars carry the full detailed information of the seven leap years, and each timetable is indicated by a number, with found responsible Contours memo years. The invention provides:

- simplification of the design of the perpetual calendar; simplicity and usability;

- completeness of information, including not only the day of the week of the desired date, but also any other calendar dates for this year;

- the ability to use the perpetual calendar as a calendar for the current year.

The perpetual calendar contains a table of centuries and years, a horizontal memo of years, a set of time cards, and, if necessary, a table for determining the names of years according to the symbols of the animal cycle.

The perpetual calendar shown in the drawing is shown in black and white, and can be performed, for example, in a color image of a table of centuries and years, horizontal digits of the memo and their corresponding designations on the time-table or the year-calendar itself and the table for determining the names of years according to the symbolism of the animal cycle. For example, the axis of the table of centuries and years and the table of determination of years according to the symbolism of the animal cycle can be represented in the form of squares of various colors, as indicated in the prototype (2). Information about the years belonging to simple or leap years, represented by the horizontal numbers of the memo, can also be presented in different forms, for example, in the form of a special designation of numbers with letters or another designation, or in different color images of the numbers, for example, numbers that carry information about the years belonging to leap, can be performed, for example, in red, and numbers that carry information about years belonging to simple years are made in black.

For ease of use, the table of centuries and years is made at the same time as the horizontal of the memo of the years sought and the table for determining the year according to the symbols of the animal cycle or without it. A set of time cards can be made in the form of flip chart calendars fixed on one axis and connected to the table of centuries and years using removable fasteners.

Figure 1 presents a General view of the perpetual calendar, and figure 2-15 presents a time sheet-calendars for 14 years, covering all 28 possible years.

The perpetual calendar includes a table of centuries and years, a horizontal memo of the desired years, a set of time sheets. In addition, the drawing shows a table for determining the name of the year according to the symbolism of the animal cycle, made at the same time as the table and the horizontal of the memo.

The table of centuries and years is made in the form of a planar coordinate system with two pairs of “axes” 1, 2 and 3, 4 and seven digital horizontal lines 5-11. The “axes” 1, 2, and 3, 4 are indicated on the drawing by the letters “c” and “n”, characterize the old and new styles, respectively, work independently of one another, although they act on the same group of digits of digital horizontals 5-11 . These "axes" are represented by stripes in the form of sets of seven letters of the Latin alphabet - A, B, C, D, E, F, G. The "axis" 1, 2, which characterizes the old style, is represented by horizontal 1 and vertical 2 stripes of seven letters of the Latin alphabet alphabet. Moreover, the "axis" 1 is represented by four identical sets of seven letters, that is, repeating 4 times sets in the same combination of seven letters, which gives a strip of 28 letters. The vertical “axis” 2 is represented randomly arranged in a sequence relation with the same letters F, A, C, E, B, D, G.

The “axes” of the new style 3, 4 are represented by stripes in the form of sets of four letters K, R, M, N. The horizontal “axis” 3 is represented by seven identical sets of four letters K, R, M, N, that is, sets repeated 7 times in the same combination of four letters, which also gives a strip of 28 letters. The vertical "axis" 4 is represented by the letters K, R, M, N in the same sequence of letters as in the horizontal "axis" 3.

Digital horizontals 5-11 are represented as pairs of numbers obtained by dividing years from 0001 to 3000, and, if necessary, further into such pairs of numbers. Digital horizontals 5-11 carry information related to the new and old styles. Moreover, the first four digital horizontals 5-8 on top carry information related to both the old and the new style, and the next three digital horizontals 9-11 carry information related only to the old style.

On digital horizontals pairs of numbers are indicated in the form of pairs 00 without a designation and indicated by the letter "n" or "c". Any pair of zeros is the remains of centuries. Zeros without a designation are the beginning of all readings and are the remainder of centuries of age in both the old and the new styles. Zeros denoted by the letter "c" (00s) correspond to the remnants of centuries of age according to the old style, zeros denoted by the letter "n" (00n) correspond to the remnants of centuries of age according to the new style. Digital horizontal 5 begins with a pair of zeros without a designation. The principle of its construction is based on the sequence of counting numbers from 00 to 99. For ease of use, counting numbers on digital horizontals is presented in tens, the only exception is that after 00 there is a pair of digits 01, indicating the beginning of the count on each of the digital horizontals. What is directly visible on the digital horizontals 5-11 is presented as an alternation of pairs of digits 00, 01, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90. Empty squares in the digital horizontals carry digital information. So, a pair of digits 01 on all digital horizontals is followed by a pair of digits 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, and so on to 99. If the entire list of digits from 00 to 99 is placed on the digital horizontals in its usual sequence, then in 28 the squares of each digital horizontal will overlap the numbers, which creates certain inconvenience. Therefore, as indicated above, the change of pairs of numbers occurs in dozens, and empty squares are a mental continuation of the count from ten to ten. So, squares 12, 13, 14 do not have any visible numerical information, but, continuing the count after dozens of digits of the same horizontal 8, these can be numbers such as 16, 17, 18, 44, 45, 46, 72 , 73, 74, such an analogy for any digital horizontal 5-11. The horizontal of the memo for years is represented by numbers from 1 to 7, without any designations and numbers from 1 to 7, marked with the letter “B”, which respectively carry information on whether the years belong to simple or leap years, as well as carry information about the day of the week from which it begins the first of January of the year, namely: 1 and 1c - Monday, 2 and 2c - Tuesday, 3 and 3c - Wednesday, etc. respectively for simple and tall years.

A set of time sheets-calendars consists of 14 time-sheets-calendars shown in figures 2-15, which cover all 28 variants of years. Each calendar sheet is indicated by a number that corresponds to the memo found on the horizontal and executed in the same form as on the horizontal memo and includes the name of 12 months of the year, the name of the days of the week in each month, and all calendar dates of the year. The table of the name of the year according to the symbolism of the animal cycle contains: “axis” 15, 16 of the plane coordinate system, the names of the years 17 according to the symbolism of the animal cycle and the horizontal horizontal 18. “Axes” 15, 16 are represented by stripes of letters of the Latin alphabet A, B, C, and horizontal axis 15 is represented by one set of these letters, and the vertical "axis" 16 is represented by four sets of the same letters A, B, C, comprising 12 letters — the cycle of changing years according to the symbolism of the animal cycle. Digital horizontals 18 are represented as pairs of numbers formed during the division of years and are information carriers for a century and a year, and "work" when finding years using the "axes" 15, 16 and the names of years 17 according to the symbolism of the animal cycle.

The proposed calendar "works" as follows. To determine all calendar dates of a particular year or to determine a specific day of the week of a specific date, first mentally divide (divide) the desired year into two pairs of numbers, starting from the end. If a particular year consists of less than four digits, then we add so many zeros in front so that a particular year is represented as four digits. For example, 1990. We divide it into two pairs of digits, as a result we get 19 and 90. We start the search for these pairs of digits on the digital horizontals 5-11 from the first pair of digits, in this case from 19. To begin, we will search in a new style. To do this, use the axis of the 3.4 plane coordinate system. On the digital horizontal 5 we find the number 19, we see that the letter N corresponds to this number on the horizontal axis 3. Now on the vertical axis 4 we find the same letter N and we see that it corresponds to the digital horizontal 8, on which we find the second pair of digits of the desired year - 90. Moving down from this number down vertically to the horizontal of the memo for years, we find there the number 1 - “key number”, to search for the time sheet-calendar for 1990. The number 1 is made without any designation, which means that 1990 belongs to a simple and not in a leap year, and the first of January begins with monday. Next, in the set of time sheets, we find the calendar indicated by the same number 1 (figure 1, time sheet calendar 1, or figure 2). The found time sheet calendar for 1990 provides complete and detailed information on all calendar dates of this year. We find the days of the week of any desired dates, for example, January 1 is Monday, May 1 is Tuesday. May 17 - Thursday, and December 31 - Monday.

The following example shows what day of the week May 1, 2000 is, the year 2000 is divided into two pairs of digits 20 and 00. First we search for a new style, for this we use the 3.4 axes. On the digital horizontal 5 we find the number 20, on the horizontal axis 3 the letter K corresponds to it. Now we find this letter on the vertical axis 4, the digital horizontal 5 corresponds to it, on it we find the second pair of numbers 00, then, descending from this number down to the horizontal of the memo years, see the figure 6c. Consequently, the year 2000 is a leap year, and the first of January is Saturday. Then, in the set of time sheets, we find the time sheet calendar marked with the same number 6c, and we see that on May 1, 2000, according to the new style, is Monday. The found time-table-calendar 6c can be used as a time-sheet-calendar for production 2000. Now we define what day of the week is January 1, 2000 according to the old style. We divide 2000 into two pairs of digits 20 and 00. To search, use the axes 1, 2. On the digital horizontal 5 we find a pair of numbers 20, we see that the letter G corresponds to it on the horizontal axis 1, now we find this letter G on the vertical axis 2, it corresponds to the digital horizontal 11, on which we find the second pair of digits of the desired year - 00s, we go down from this digit down to the horizontal of the memo of years and see the number 5c, which is the “key” for finding the time sheet-calendar of the desired year, denoted by the same number 5c. Based on this figure, we find the time sheet calendar marked with the same number 5c, and we see that May 1, 2000, according to the old style, is Sunday.

Now, according to the table of the name of the years, we define the name of 2000 according to the symbolism of the animal cycle. We divide the year 2000 into two pairs of numbers 20 and 00. On the digital vertical, we find a pair of numbers 20, we see that the letter C corresponds to it on the vertical axis 16, now we find the letter C on the horizontal axis 15 and, descending vertically down from this letter, we find the second pair of digits 00, turning from this digit to the names of the year, we see that it is a dragon.

Sources of information

1. Egorov M.M. Perpetual calendar. - Family and School, 1989, No. 12, p. 63.

2. Patent of Russia No. 2056063, cl. G 09 D 3/00, 1996.

Claims (3)

1. The perpetual calendar, including a table of centuries and years, and a horizontal memo of years, in which the table of centuries and years is made in the form of a planar coordinate system with “axes” and digital horizontals, which are carriers of age-old and annual information, consisting of pairs of numbers formed by division of years into those, and the horizontal of the memo of years is made in the form of numbers covering all 28 variants of years, characterized in that the perpetual calendar is additionally equipped with a set of time sheets-calendars covering all 28 variants of years, each of which is not the set detailed information of all calendar dates of the days of the week of all 12 months of one year from 28 variants of years, and is indicated by a number corresponding to the figure found on the horizontal memo of years, and the horizontal memo of years is made in the form of numbers from one to seven, each figure carries information about belonging of the year to a leap or simple year and is the “key” for finding the time sheet calendar corresponding to the desired year. 2. The perpetual calendar according to claim 1, characterized in that the information on the numbers of years belonging to leap years or simple years on the horizontal of the memo is presented in the form, for example, of the letters “c” designating the numbers from 1 to 7, which carry information about years to leap years, and numbers from 1 to 7, made without such a designation, carry information about years belonging to simple years. 3. The perpetual calendar according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a table for determining the name of the year according to the symbolism of the animal cycle.

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