RU2241593C2 - Wedge for securing working organ to handle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: subsidiary members of tools designed for securing tools to wood handle.

SUBSTANCE: wedge for securing working organ to handle is made of soft steel sheet in the form of sharpened plate with four working faces. Two faces are in the form of equilateral trapezium, two other faces are in the form of isosceles triangle. On each triangle face there are two or three saw tooth like cutouts. All working faces have sharpening angle equal to friction angle of sliding of soft steel on wood for deforming fibers of handle and for enhancing reliability of joining working organ to handle. Wedge for securing working organ to handle includes through cylindrical opening having additional sawn slit or cut slit in lower part. Edges of said slit are bent to different sides from it vertical axis in order to provide reliable fixation of wedge in working state.

EFFECT: enhanced reliability of securing working organ to handle, elimination of injuries at using tool.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to auxiliary elements of metalwork, carpentry, blacksmith and other percussion, chopping, piercing tools (hammers, axes, sledgehammers, etc.) for their fastening on handles made of wood and can be used in all sectors of the national economy of the Russian Federation.

Since ancient times, folk elements have been known for mounting the above-mentioned working bodies of tools on wooden handles. The elements are wedges made of hard hardwood dry wood, inserted into the cuts of the handles after their assembly with the working bodies and driven into the handles by another percussion instrument until they fail; at the same time, to increase the reliability of fastening the working body on the handle, the tool was soaked by immersion in water: constant soaking of the tool before work led to corrosion of the working body, gradual decay of the handles and, as a result, loss of strength and reliability of fastening of the working body to the handle. The use of hardwood hardwood wedges of the first grade GOST 2695-83 is allowed to the present (see GOST 2310-77 clause 2.2).

Mild steel sheet wedges in the following forms are also known:

- a rectangle (in plan) with a through cylindrical hole and the sharpening of the two largest faces from 0 to 1.6 mm (see GOST 18578-89);

- or trapezoid with a slope of the side faces in the amount of 1: 5 with a side view in the form of an arrow-shaped cone with three lateral slots of different depths parallel to the base on each side (see GOST 2310-77, Figure 5);

- or a flat square with two U-shaped bevels (see ibid., fig. 6):

- or trapezoid with a through cylindrical hole and a sharpening of one side face with a slope of 1:15 (see ibid., Fig. 7).

According to the applicant, experiencing a large number of strokes of variable magnitude and having insufficient adhesion to the handle, the wedges are gradually loosened in the handle, constant attention of the employee to the state and position of the working body on the handle is required; if the worker does not pay enough attention to the condition of the tool, the wedge falls out of the handle, the working body flies off the latter and leads to serious injuries.

Also known is a useful model of the wedge for mounting the working body on the handle No. 7365 Mcl. 6 B 25 G 3/28 (see PMPO N8 from 08.16.98), containing a pointed end and ribs located at an angle of 1 ... 2 ° to the axis of the wedge, made in the cross section of a Z-shape with the possibility of working condition subjected to elastic deformation, adopted by the author as a prototype.

The disadvantages of this wedge include:

- the lack of fixation of the wedge in the handle in working condition from its displacement and loss during prolonged exposure to multiple significant shock loads;

- the dependence of the elastic deformation of the wedge on the location of the longitudinal fibers of the handle, and therefore, the friction forces to maintain in working condition;

- increased risk of injury.

The technical result of the alleged invention are:

- ensuring reliable fixation of the wedge in the handle and fastening the working body on it, regardless of the real profile of the mating hole of the working body with the surface of the handle and the location of longitudinal fibers in it;

- exclusion of injuries by the working body.

These goals are achieved by the fact that the wedge for attaching the working body to the handle, made of mild steel in the form of a pointed plate with four working faces, two of which have an isosceles trapezoid profile, and the other two isosceles triangles, equipped with two to three sawtooth cutouts on each a triangular face, and all working faces have a sharpening angle equal to the sliding friction angle of mild steel on the tree to deform the handle fibers and increase the reliability of the connection with the latter; and to ensure reliable locking of the wedge in working condition, the working trapezoidal face is provided with a through cylindrical hole having in the lower part of the cut or slot with the edges bent in different directions from its vertical axis.

The wedge for mounting the working body on the handle according to the alleged invention is represented by drawings, where

- figure 1 shows a plan view;

- figure 2 is a side view;

- figure 3 and 4 is a section along the horizontal axis of the hole in section AA, respectively, with a cut and a slot and bent in different directions by the edges.

A wedge made of mild steel has four working faces, two of which are in the form of an isosceles trapezoid - 1, and two other isosceles triangle 2; each triangular face 2 is provided with two or three sawtooth cutouts 3; approximately in the middle of the trapezoidal face 1 there is a through cylindrical hole 4, with a diameter d, having in the lower part along the axis of the wedge a cut 5 or a slit, the edges of which are bent to one side or two millimeters from the vertical axis of the wedge; all working faces have a sharpening angle equal to the sliding friction angle of mild steel on the tree; the upper base of the trapezoid passes into a narrow rectangle one or two millimeters high; the angle of inclination of the bottom side of the sawtooth cut relative to the axis of the wedge is 8 ... 12 °.

The dimensions of the proposed wedge - L, H, d correspond to the current standards of the Russian Federation.

This design of the wedge will allow:

- deform the longitudinal fibers of the handle and increase the reliability of the connection of the wedge with the handle;

- to ensure reliable locking of the wedge in working condition;

- eliminate the likelihood of injury to the worker by the working body.

Concrete example

Working drawings of a wedge for locksmith hammers weighing 1 (one) kg 7850-0106 in accordance with GOST 2310-77 and B3 axes in accordance with GOST 1399-73 are developed.

In household conditions and twenty-year periodic use of the above tools using the proposed design of the wedge, there was no case of displacement and sliding of the working bodies from the handles.

It is supposed to test the proposed design of the wedge under continuous hammer manual forging of metal and using a sledge hammer according to GOST 11402-75.

If the results of industrial tests of the wedge are positive, it is planned to contact the State Standard of the Russian Federation with proposals to include the design of the wedge in the normative and technical documentation.

Claims (2)

1. The wedge for attaching the working body to the handle, made of mild steel in the form of a pointed plate with four working faces, two of which are in the form of an isosceles trapezoid, and the other two are isosceles triangles, characterized in that each of the triangular faces is equipped with two or three sawtooth cutouts, and all working faces have a sharpening angle equal to the sliding angle of mild steel on wood to deform the handle fibers and increase the reliability of the connection with the latter. 2. A wedge for fastening the working body on the handle according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a through cylindrical hole, additionally equipped with a cut or a slot in the lower part with edges bent to different sides from its vertical axis to ensure reliable locking of the wedge in working condition.

Images