RU2240156C2 - Method and device for treating vertebral column osteochondrosis pain syndrome - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine; medical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: method involves exposing the vertebral column to high frequency electromagnetic field concurrently with low intensity quasi-monochromatic radiation in visible and nearest infrared bandwidth of small spectrum width. The electromagnetic field is invoked with sinusoid signal belonging to frequency bandwidth of 100 - 2000 kHz and amplitude-modulated with low frequency signal belonging to frequency bandwidth of 15 - 8000 Hz by means of emitter manufactured as resonant oscillatory circuit. Dermatomas are treated in contact mode in posterior spinal roots irritation zones along the vertebral column and paravertebral lines. Forearm, extremities, scapular, gluteal zone skin is treated is treated along large neurovascular stems projections. Device has oscillator for producing sinusoid signal as self-excited oscillator of carrying frequency equal to 100 - 2000 kHz. Oscillatory circuit inductance element of the self-excited oscillator concurrently operates as radiator of action element. The device has low frequency oscillator which output is connected to self-excited oscillator circuit via modulator unit and has control tract which input is connected to self-excited oscillator circuit comprising in series connected amplitude detector, DC amplifier and indication unit. The device also has M photodiodes connected in series and power supply source. The power supply source and low frequency oscillator are designed as self-standing functional element.

EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness in improving blood microcirculation, rheologic blood properties and achieving analgesic action.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to neurology.

Osteochondrosis of the spine is a systemic degenerative-dystrophic lesion of the intervertebral discs and other tissues of the harvesting-motor segments.

Vertebro-neurological lesions are the most common chronic human diseases. Every second person during the life feels the clinical manifestations of osteochondrosis of the spine.

The main methods of treating pain syndromes of osteochondrosis are conservative, i.e. non-surgical methods: medical, orthopedic, methods of manual therapy, physiotherapeutic.

A known method of treating pain of spinal osteochondrosis, including exposure to the spine by electric shock [1].

The impact of electric current is carried out on the site of strengthening weakened stabilizing ligaments and capsules of the arches of the joints of the motor segments of the spine.

Medical practice has shown that the known method of treatment has limited therapeutic options.

Widespread use in medical practice has found exposure to a low-frequency electromagnetic field with a frequency of 50 Hz [2].

So, in case of neurological manifestations of cervical, lumbar and thoracic osteochondrosis with reflex-tonic syndromes, they act on the pathological zones with an electromagnetic field with a frequency of 50 Hz using the Magniter apparatus for magnetotherapy [3].

The disadvantage of this method is the use of a low-frequency electromagnetic field.

It is known that at a frequency of 50 Hz, the alternating current induced in biological tissues propagates mainly through the vessels and interstitial gaps, while enveloping cells, since cell membranes at a frequency of 50 Hz have thousands of times greater resistance compared to intercellular fluid [4] .

Therefore, when applying a low-frequency electromagnetic field in the treatment of diseases, it is necessary to significantly increase the radiation power.

So, for example, the power consumption of the Magniter apparatus is 30 VA.

Large currents flowing through the intercellular fluid have a negative effect on the patient's body.

The most favorable for the body during the treatment procedure is an electromagnetic field with a frequency in the frequency range 100 - 1000 kHz [5].

In this case, the capacitance of the cell membranes no longer interferes with the penetration of current into the cells and its density inside and outside the cells becomes comparable. The penetration depth of the electromagnetic field into biological tissues at a frequency of 100 kHz is 120 cm, at a frequency of 1000 kHz - 40 cm. With increasing frequency, the penetration depth decreases.

As a prototype, a method of treatment is adopted by exposing the spine to a sinusoidal electromagnetic field using an exposure element - an emitter.

The device “Magniter” is adopted as an analogue of a therapeutic device. The apparatus contains a sinusoidal signal generator, the role of which is played by an industrial network with a frequency of 50 Hz, and the exposure element is an emitter.

The objective of the invention is to increase therapeutic efficacy.

This is achieved by the fact that in the method of treating pain of spinal osteochondrosis by exposure to physical factors, according to the invention, the spine is exposed to a high-frequency electromagnetic field formed by an amplitude-modulated sinusoidal signal with a carrier frequency in the frequency range of 100 - 2000 kHz and a modulation frequency in the range of 15 - 8000 Hz using a radiator, which is made in the form of a resonant oscillatory circuit, and at the same time low-intensity radiation is applied to the spine with obvious quasimonochromatic radiation of the visible and near infrared ranges with a small spectral width, both emitters are made as a single exposure element, act on the dermotomes in the irrigation zones of the posterior roots of the spinal cord along the spine along paravertebral lines, as well as on the skin of the forearms, shoulder blades, buttocks, limbs, according to the projections of the main neurovascular trunks, the impact element is moved back and forth, the speed of movement is not more than 1 cm / s.

This is achieved by the fact that in the device for therapeutic treatment, containing a source of a sinusoidal signal and an exposure element, according to the invention, the source of a sinusoidal signal is made in the form of an oscillator with a carrier frequency in the frequency range 100 - 2000 kHz, while the inductive element of the oscillatory circuit of the oscillator is simultaneously a radiator impact element, the device is additionally equipped with a low-frequency generator, the output of which is connected via a modulator to the oscillator circuit, with It is equipped with a control path, the input of which is connected to the oscillator circuit, and contains an amplitude detector connected in series, a DC amplifier and an indicator, contains M LEDs and a power source.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the method of treating pain of spinal osteochondrosis by exposure to physical factors, the effect is carried out by an alternating electromagnetic field, which is formed by an amplitude-modulated sinusoidal signal with a carrier frequency in the frequency range of 100 - 2000 kHz and a constantly changing modulation frequency in the range of 15 - 8000 Hz, with simultaneous irradiation with low-intensity quasi-monochromatic radiation of the visible and near infrared wavelength ranges with a small width spectrum. When exposed, a combined exposure element is used containing an emitter of electromagnetic waves in the range of 100 - 2000 kHz and an emitter of electromagnetic waves in the optical range.

Figure 1 shows a functional diagram of a device for physiotherapy; figure 2 shows the element of the impact Assembly; figure 3 shows the electromagnetic emitter and the light emitter; figure 4 - possible exposure areas.

The device for physiotherapy contains an exposure element 1, a power supply 2 and a low-frequency generator 3.

The exposure element contains a coil of an electromagnetic emitter 4, which is connected through a capacitor 5 to the circuit of the oscillator 6. The coil 4 simultaneously acts as a radiator of electromagnetic waves in space and the role of an inductive element of the oscillatory circuit of the oscillator. The frequency of the oscillator is determined by the magnitude of the inductance of the winding 4 and the value of the capacitance of the capacitor 5. The operating frequency of the generator is selected in the frequency range 100 - 2000 kHz. The output of the low-frequency generator is connected to the input of the modulator 7, the output of which is connected to the circuit of the oscillator 6. The signal of the oscillator is amplitude-modulated by the low-frequency signal from the low-frequency generator. The frequency of the signal is in the range of 15 - 8000 Hz and is constantly changing (swinging). A control path 8 is connected to the oscillator circuit, which contains an amplitude detector 9 connected in series, a DC amplifier 10 and an indicator 11. The exposure element 1 contains a light emitter 12, which is made in the form of M LEDs connected in series and connected to a power source 2. Groups include LEDs in the red and infrared wavelength ranges.

The impact element 1 is made in the form of a separate functional element (see figure 2) and contains a casing 13 in which a flat dielectric frame 14 is mounted, with a winding 4 placed on it, and a base 15 in which M LEDs 12 are installed. In the upper part the casing 13 is fixed to the board 15, on which the elements of the circuits of the oscillator 6, the control path 8 and the modulator 7 are installed.

The casing is closed from below by a plastic cover 16, which has a transparent window 17 in the central part.

The power source 2 and the low-frequency generator 3 are structurally made in the form of a separate functional element.

The emitter of electromagnetic waves (figure 3) contains a flat dielectric frame, which is made in the form of radially arranged petals with a gap, and has a hole in the central part. On the frame there is a winding 4 made in the form of a spiral, the wire of each spiral alternately bends around one or the other side of each petal of the frame. The number of petals is odd.

The light emitter comprises a base 15 made in the form of a printed circuit board with conductors, on which M LEDs 12 are mounted.

The treatment of pain of spinal osteochondrosis with the proposed method of electromagnetic resonance therapy is carried out by contacting the dermatomes in the irrigation zones of the posterior roots of the spinal cord: along the spine alternately along paravertible lines, as well as on the skin of the shoulders, shoulder blades, buttocks, limbs, according to the projections of the main neurovascular trunks. A new physiotherapeutic device is proposed for exposure.

The position of the patient lying on his stomach.

Palpation of the most painful points in the spine.

Turn on the power of the device.

The impact element is placed over the affected area and the reciprocating movement is moved at a speed of not more than 1 cm / s. Possible exposure zones are shown in FIG.

Field exposure time:

cervical spine 3-5 minutes,

thoracic spine 5-7 minutes,

lumbar spine 7-10 minutes,

area of affected joints

with radicular syndromes for 2-3 minutes,

With a severe pain syndrome, the effect is carried out in combination with medications. To do this, use a mixture of a 20% aqueous solution of dimexide, in an amount of 20 ml, a 2% solution of novocaine in an amount of 10 ml, sodium diclofenac in an amount of 25 mg.

After the mixture is made, the gauze napkin is moistened in a solution of the required concentration and applied to the affected area. The napkin is covered with plastic wrap.

The exposure element is placed on the film and the exposure begins.

Exposure times indicated above. Treatment with medicines is carried out within 2-3 days. After that, they switch to the usual contact method of exposure. The course of treatment is 7-10 sessions.

The proposed device and method of treatment allows you to restore blood and lymph circulation in the structures of the spine, to achieve analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.

Subjectively, the patients showed positive dynamics of clinical indicators: the symptoms of tension and muscle tension disappeared, pain in the paravertebral points along the neurovascular bundles, the range of movements in the spinal column increased, the foci of neuroosteofibrosis disappeared or significantly decreased.

For a more objective assessment of the effectiveness of treatment for pain syndromes of osteochondrosis, the electrical characteristics of the skin in the fields where they were exposed were taken before and after treatment. The main sign of a normal state is the same conductivity of the current of positive and negative polarity.

In patients with pain syndromes of osteochondrosis before treatment at the level of interested segments, two distinct features were noted associated with a change in the electrical characteristics of the zones. First, an increase in the absolute current values of both positive and negative polarity was recorded. The current of positive polarity increased on average to 20-40 μA, of negative polarity to 40-80 μA. Secondly, the asymmetry coefficient, represented by the ratio of current (+) polarity to current (-), was 0.57 +/- 0.09. During treatment, the current asymmetry in these zones decreased gradually, mainly due to the current of negative polarity. By 7-10 sessions of magnetic resonance therapy, when patients had a significant reduction in pain, the asymmetry coefficient was 0.79-0.81, i.e. remained significantly higher than the baseline.

Thus, the pronounced asymmetry of the current conductivity indicates that under pathological conditions, soft tissues in the affected areas acquire semiconductor properties. After treatment, intervertebral ratios and related dysfunctions of the peripheral nervous system are restored. As a result, the studied segments of the spinal column again acquire the properties of conductors with the same bilateral conductivity. Biophysical parameters become similar or equal to those of a group of healthy people.

One of the manifestations of exacerbation of the pain syndrome in osteochondrosis is considered to be a violation of the blood supply to the surface tissues, reflecting mainly the interest of the autonomic nervous system. To assess local vegetative-vascular shifts, skin temperature was recorded in the areas of exposure to the electromagnetic field. Electrothermometry of the skin was performed before treatment and after on the healthy and diseased side. In this case, a clear thermal asymmetry was determined up to 1.5-2.0 ° С before exposure in the region of pathological segments with respect to the norm. It was also found that after electromagnetic exposure in the area of pathological segments, the skin temperature increased to 0.8-2.0 ° C in 5 minutes, which indicates an improvement in microcirculation. At the end of the course of treatment, a normalization of the skin temperature pattern was noted.

Thus, electrothermometry made it possible to objectively assess the nature of disorders of the surface blood flow and, therefore, the involvement of the corresponding structures of the autonomic nervous system in the pathological process, to objectify the effectiveness of the treatment of patients with pain syndromes of osteochondrosis by the method of electromagnetic therapy.

They act alternately along paravertable lines to the left and to the right of the spinous processes.

The proposed device for therapeutic effects is intended for the treatment of inflammatory diseases in various fields of medicine. In the apparatuses, as a therapeutic effect, exposure to biological tissues using an electromagnetic field formed by an amplitude-modulated high-frequency sinusoidal signal with a carrier frequency in the frequency range 100 - 2000 kHz, with a constantly changing modulation frequency in the range of 15 - 8000 Hz, and low-intensity quasi-monochromatic radiation of the visible and near infrared with a small spectral width.

Exposure, without causing the generation of endogenous heat in biological tissues, restores blood circulation and activates microcirculation in tissues, improves the rheological properties of blood, causes a relaxing and analgesic effect, and helps normalize the blood picture.

The combined effect of electromagnetic waves of the radio wave and optical ranges allows you to get the synergy effect of the factors (the total effect exceeds the sum of the effects of each factor), which significantly increases the final therapeutic effect of the procedure.

Under the influence of the electromagnetic field of the radio wave range, the optical density of biological tissues decreases, as a result of which the penetration depth of the radiation of the optical range increases and its therapeutic efficiency increases.

Sources of information

1. RF patent No. 1835299, cl. 5 A 61 1/18, 1993 Bull. No. 31.

2. Solovyova G.R. Magnetotherapy equipment. - M .: Medicine, 1991

3. Magnetotherapy apparatus for magnetotherapy. Comprehensive catalog “Products of the communications industry”. Series 1 Radio metering devices, thematic catalog “Radio-electronic medical equipment”, - M .: Ekos JSC, 1994, p.19.

4. Gurevich M.I. et al. Impedance reoplethysmography. Kiev, Science. Dumka, 1982, p. 18.

Claims (4)

1. A method of treating pain of spinal osteochondrosis by exposure to physical factors, characterized in that the exposure is carried out by a high-frequency electromagnetic field formed by an amplitude-modulated sinusoidal signal with a carrier frequency in the range of 100-2000 kHz and a modulation frequency in the range of 15-8000 Hz using an emitter made in the form of a resonant oscillatory circuit, and simultaneously affect the spine by irradiation with low-intensity quasimonochromatic radiation of the visible and bl lower infrared ranges with a small spectral width, both emitters are made as a single exposure element, act on the dermotomes in the irradiation zones of the posterior roots of the spinal cord along the spine along paravertebral lines, as well as on the skin of the forearms, shoulder blades, buttocks, limbs, according to the projections of the main vascular nerve trunks, the impact element is moved by reciprocating motion, the speed of movement is not more than 1 cm / s. 2. A device for therapeutic treatment, comprising a sinusoidal signal generator and an exposure element, characterized in that the sinusoidal signal generator is made in the form of an oscillator with a carrier frequency in the frequency range 100-2000 kHz, while the inductive element of the oscillator circuit of the oscillator is simultaneously the emitter of the exposure element, is additionally equipped with a low-frequency generator, the output of which is connected via a modulator to the oscillator circuit, is equipped with a control path, the input of which It is connected to a circuit of a self-oscillator, and which contains an amplitude detector connected in series, a DC amplifier and an indicator, contains M LEDs connected in series, and a power source. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the exposure element comprises a dielectric housing in which a flat dielectric frame is installed with the winding of the inductive emitter on it, a board on which the oscillator, modulator and control path are located, as well as M LEDs mounted on the base and connected in series. 4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the element of the influence of the coil of the inductive emitter is placed on a flat dielectric frame, which is made with a Central hole in the form of radially arranged petals with a gap, and the winding is made in the form of a spiral, the wire of each coil of the coil alternately bends around all the petals, while from coil to coil the wire goes around one or the other side of each petal of the frame.

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