RU223944U1 - Clamping universal tool in the form of pliers - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a manual assembly tool and can be used for assembly work, in particular in mechanical engineering. The essence of the proposed utility model is that two levers with working jaws at the ends are connected to each other by two rods pivotally connected in the center, with one rod being hingedly connected at one end to the first lever, and the other end being splined to the second lever, the other rod one end is symmetrically hingedly connected to the second lever and the other end is a splined connection with the first lever, both rods are secured with the possibility of rotation in hinged joints and movement of the ends along the splined joints, which leads to plane-parallel movement of the levers among themselves when opening and closing the clamping universal tool in in the form of pliers and maintaining a zero degree angle between the surfaces of the working jaws. The technical result consists in moving the levers plane-parallel relative to each other, maintaining an angle of zero degrees between the surfaces of the working jaws from the closed state to the maximum open state. 2 salary f-ly, 11 ill.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to a manual assembly tool and can be used for assembly work, in particular in mechanical engineering.

Pliers are known from the prior art, containing two handles hingedly connected to each other with clamping jaws at one end, each of which on the working surface has teeth and a semi-cylindrical groove with cutting interlocking edges (patent US 2012000019 A1, 2012 and US 7103934 B1, 2006) .

The disadvantage of the above pliers is that the working jaws are not parallel to each other when the pliers are opened due to the hinge connection.

The above disadvantage results in:

to the inability to grasp large parts with the beginning of the surfaces of the working jaws, that is, near the axis of rotation of the working jaws;

to the fact that the direction of the force of clamping the part with the working jaws tends to push the part out of the grip, and the larger the part and the angle between the jaws, the greater the pushing force;

to a decrease in the compression force of the part as it increases due to the displacement of the contact of the working jaws with the part further and further from the axis of rotation of the jaws.

Among the known pliers, the closest in technical essence to the proposed utility model are pliers that contain two levers hingedly connected by a common axis of rotation, at the ends of which there are working jaws with recesses symmetrical with respect to the contacting surfaces of the jaws. The edge of the rear wall of each recess is made with a cutting edge, and the rotation axis is shifted to the jaws, and the condition 1.0≤L/R max ≤1.5 is met, where L is the minimum distance from the center of the rotation axis to the cutting edge, and R max - maximum radius of the turning axis. The recesses can be made with a serrated side surface, which allows screwing and unscrewing nuts or bolts with hexagonal heads (application for invention RU No. 2013140083/02, published December 20, 2013, No. PM 135572).

The above-mentioned pliers, although they allow you to tighten bolts and nuts with hexagonal heads, but have the same disadvantages as their analogues due to the non-parallelism of the jaws when moving the arms of the pliers apart, and they can tighten bolts and nuts only with compressed jaws, because when moving the jaws apart, the geometry The recesses change and it becomes impossible to accurately grasp large diameter nuts with hex heads.

The main disadvantage of the prototype is the non-parallelism of the working surfaces of the jaws when opening the pliers and, as a result, the ineffective grip of large-diameter parts and nuts with large-diameter hex-head bolts.

The technical task of the proposed utility model is to provide convenient and effective gripping of parts with any surface shape, with dimensions from minimum to maximum dimensions, including bolts and nuts with hexagonal heads, placed between the working jaws of a universal clamping tool in the form of pliers when they are opened, without ejection effect.

The essence of the proposed utility model is that a universal clamping tool in the form of pliers contains two levers with working jaws at the ends, hingedly connected by two rods connected to each other in the center, with one end of the rods being hingedly connected to the levers, and the other ends being connected to lever splines. The rods are fixed with the possibility of rotation in hinged joints and movement of the ends along the splined joints. An elastic element can be installed between the rods, and a screw movement lock can be installed in one of the levers. Working jaws may have triangular-shaped recesses.

The difference is that, according to the utility model, a universal clamping tool in the form of pliers consists of four main parts: two levers with jaws and two rods connected to each other by a hinge-spline method.

The technical result consists in moving the levers plane-parallel relative to each other, maintaining an angle of zero degrees between the surfaces of the working jaws at any distance between them: from minimum to maximum.

The proposed utility model is illustrated by drawings, which show:

fig. 1 - diagram of the gripping of parts of various sizes with ordinary pliers, indicating the forces arising in this case, side view; where: 1 - buoyancy component of downforce; 2 - large part; 3 - small part.

fig. 2a - diagram of gripping bolts or nuts with small hexagonal heads by the flat part of the prototype, side view, partially spread working jaws, the average size does not fit;

fig. 2b - diagram of the prototype gripping bolts or nuts with small hexagonal heads at a corner, side view, partially spread working jaws, the average size does not fit;

fig. 2c - diagram of gripping bolts or nuts with medium-sized hex heads by the flat part of the prototype, side view, working jaws are spread out to the maximum, a large size does not fit, gripping a small-sized hex head is impossible, medium-sized - partial grip due to the non-parallelism of the jaws;

fig. 2 g - diagram of the prototype gripping bolts or nuts with medium-sized hexagonal heads at a corner, side view, the working jaws are spread out to the maximum, the large size does not fit, the gripping of a small-sized hexagonal head is impossible, the medium-sized one has partial gripping due to the non-parallelism of the jaws;

where 4 is a bolt or nut with small hex heads; 5 - bolt or nut with medium-sized hex heads; 6 - bolt or nut with large hex heads.

fig. 3a - diagram of a clamping universal tool in the form of pliers in the open state, side view;

fig. 3b - diagram of a clamping universal tool in the form of pliers in a closed state, side view;

fig. 4a - diagram of gripping a medium-sized part with a clamping universal tool in the form of pliers, indicating the forces arising in this case, side view;

fig. 4b - diagram of gripping a large part with a universal clamping tool in the form of pliers, indicating the forces arising in this case, side view;

where: 20 - pressing force; 21 - medium-sized part; 2 - large part.

fig. 4c - diagrams of gripping bolts or nuts with hexagonal heads of various sizes with a clamping universal tool in the form of pliers, by the corner and by the flat part, side view;

fig. 5 - diagram of a universal clamping tool in the form of pliers with an elastic element and a screw retainer, side view; where 22 is a screw retainer; 23 - elastic element.

A universal clamping tool in the form of pliers (Fig. 3a) consists of two levers 7 and 8 with working jaws 9 and 10 at the ends, connected to each other by a hinge-spline method using two rods 11 and 12. Rod 11 at one end using a hinge 13 is connected to lever 7, and the second end is connected to lever 8 using a spline connection 14. Rod 12, with one end connected to lever 8 using a hinge 15, and the other end is connected to lever 7 using a spline connection 16. Rods 11 and 12 in the central part are connected to each other by a hinge 17. Working jaws 9 and 11 may have triangular-shaped recesses 18 and 19.

The device operates as follows.

In the initial position (Fig. 3b) with a universal clamping tool in the form of pliers, the levers 7 and 8 are pressed against each other by the working jaws 9 and 10, and the ends of the rods 11 and 12 in the splined joints 14 and 16 are in the farthest position from the hinges 13 and 15. When lever 7 is moved away from lever 8 of a clamping universal tool in the form of pliers, rods 11 and 12, turning in hinges 13 and 15 with one end, due to the connection in the central part by hinge 17, the other ends are forced to move in splined joints 14 and 16 , forcing the lever 7 to move parallel to the lever 8, while the working jaw 9 remains parallel to the working jaw 10 (Fig. 3a), that is, the angle between the surfaces of the working jaws remains equal to zero, until the maximum movement of the lever 7 from the lever 8.

The same thing happens if we begin to move lever 8 away from lever 7, or simultaneously moving apart/moving both levers 7 and 8: the levers move plane-parallel, and an angle of zero degrees remains between the surfaces of the working jaws 9 and 10. This kinematics of movement of the levers 7 and 8 makes it possible to clamp equally effectively in any part of the working jaws 9 and 10 parts of various shapes and sizes, including nuts or bolts with hexagonal heads, in the absence of buoyancy force.

Claims (3)

1. A universal clamping tool in the form of pliers, containing two levers with working jaws at the ends, characterized in that the levers are connected to each other by two rods pivotally connected in the center, with one rod being hingedly connected at one end to the first lever, and at the other end by a splined connection - with the second lever, the other rod at one end is symmetrically hingedly connected to the second lever and the other end by a splined connection with the first lever, both rods are fixed with the possibility of rotation in hinged joints and movement of the ends along the splined joints, which leads to plane-parallel movement of the levers among themselves when opened and closing the clamping universal tool in the form of pliers and maintaining a zero degree angle between the surfaces of the working jaws from the closed state to the maximum open state. 2. A universal clamping tool in the form of pliers according to claim 1, characterized in that an elastic element is installed between the rods to help move the levers apart, and in one of the levers there is a screw lock for moving the end of the rod along the spline connection for easy unscrewing/tightening of bolts or nuts with hex heads. 3. A universal clamping tool in the form of pliers according to claim 1, characterized in that the working jaws have triangular-shaped recesses for the ability to grip bolts or nuts with hexagonal heads not only by the flat edges of the heads, but also by the corners.