RU2236782C2 - Method for milking in animals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: animal science.

SUBSTANCE: the suggested method deals with preparation of animals for milking process, applying teat cups onto teats followed by milking out, maintaining constant duration of working cycle and milking cessation in case of decreased milk secretion up to minimal acceptable value. The time for transition from sucking cycle to that of squeezing is increased due to shortened duration of squeezing cycle up to the value not exceeding 2% against the time of working cycle.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of milking.

2 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, and in particular to methods of milking animals.

It is known that lengthening the transition periods from sucking to compression, and vice versa, can improve the technological parameters of the milking machine. [Kartashov L.P. Milking cows. - M .: Kolos - 1982. P.86; 3 paragraph below, 6 line]. In addition, by changing the duration of transients between cycles, you can increase the speed of milking up to 20%. For example, an increase in the transition time from sucking to compression by 8% in the Impuls M-59 milking machine and by 22.2% in the DA-3M milking machine can increase the intensity of milk removal by the first machine by 34.6%, and the second by 20 % Milking machines have the highest milk removal capacity, in which pulsators transfer from sucking to compression within 0.125 s and transfer from compression to sucking in 0.06 s [ibid., P. 87, 2 and 3 paragraph above].

The closest technical solution to the invention is a method of milking animals, including preparing animals, putting on teat cups on the nipples, dispensing milk, maintaining the optimal intensity of milk production by changing the pulsation frequency depending on the milk production at a constant working cycle and stopping milking when milk production is reduced to the minimum allowable quantities. [AC No. 1091885; class A 01 J 5/04, Application. 02/07/80. Publ. 05/15/84. Bull. No. 18].

However, the disadvantage of this method of milking is the fact that the animal reacts to a change in the frequency of pulsations in the same way as a change in the milker (which negatively affects the amount of milk yield).

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of milking.

This goal is achieved in that the transition time from the suction stroke to the compression stroke is increased by reducing the duration of the compression stroke to a value not exceeding 2% of the working cycle time.

Figure 1 shows the curve of the vacuum in the inter-wall chamber of the teat cup of a push-pull milking machine of a serial design: C - suction stroke; C _w - compression stroke; 1 _p - transition from a sucking beat to a compression beat; 2 _p - transition from compression to sucking; T _c - the time of the working cycle.

Figure 2 presents the curve of the vacuum in the inter-wall chamber of the milking cup of a push-pull milking machine with an increased transition time from the sucking beat to the compression beat: C - sucking beat; C _w - compression stroke; 1 _p - transition from a sucking beat to a compression beat; 2 _p - transition from compression to sucking; T _c - the time of the working cycle.

For the implementation of the proposed method, both push-pull and three-stroke milking machines with two-chamber milking cups can be used.

Changing the duration (increase) of the transition process (1 _p ) from the sucking stroke to the compression stroke can be achieved by gradually supplying atmospheric air to the interstitial chamber of the milking cup with a special device. The apparatus is adapted so that the transition from the stroke of sucking in the compression stroke (1 _n) has been increased by reducing the compression cycle duration (C _g - pure compression stroke) to a value not exceeding 2% of the cycle time (T _p). The transition time from the compression cycle to the sucking cycle (2 _p ) and the sucking cycle (C) remain unchanged. The device is configured on an artificial nipple. In this case, the form of the waveform (figure 1) should change and have the form, as shown in figure 2.

When milking two-stroke milking machine, the method is as follows. The animal is prepared for milking: the udder and nipples are massaged, the first trickles of milk are squeezed out. On each nipple put on two-chamber milking cups (with a working milking unit) with a device for the gradual supply of atmospheric air into the inter-wall chamber.

During the operation of the two-chamber milking cup, a constant vacuum is established in the suction cup, and variable in the interwall.

During the suction stroke, a vacuum is established in both chambers. The walls of the nipple rubber are straightened at this time, since the same working vacuum is maintained on both sides. Under the influence of the pressure difference inside the udder and outside the sphincter of the nipple opens, milk is sucked out of the udder.

Further, atmospheric air begins to gradually enter the inter-wall chambers of the milking cup, while the vacuum is kept in the suction pockets. The gradual flow of atmospheric air into the interstitial chamber leads to an increase in the duration of the transition process from the sucking cycle to the compression cycle by reducing the duration of the compression cycle (clean), while the nipple rubber begins to smoothly compress without “popping”. There comes a compression stroke. Considering that the (pure) compression time is less than 2%, the transition from suction to compression and from compression to sucking is slow, which allows the nipple rubber to “gently” compress.

The time of a clean sucking cycle (C), the transition from a compression cycle to sucking (2 _p ) and the working cycle (T _c ) of the apparatus remains unchanged.

Bringing the time of the compression stroke to a value not exceeding 2% (due to a corresponding increase in the transition process from the sucking cycle to the compression cycle) allows not only to ensure complete milk flow, but also not to harm the animal (mechanical damage to the nipples; violation of the surface tissue structures of the cavity nipple and its epithelial tissues).

Based on experimental data, it is advisable to use a milking method with certain time parameters.

Table 1 presents the following time values occupied by measures and transitions, depending on the pulsation frequency as a percentage of the cycle time during the operation of the DA-3M push-pull milking machine.

Setting up the device for a three-stroke milking machine is carried out in the same way as for a two-stroke milking machine. The device is configured in such a way that the transition time from the sucking stroke to the compression stroke is increased by reducing the duration of the compression stroke (net compression stroke) to a value not exceeding 2% of the apparatus working cycle time. The transition time from the compression stroke to the sucking beat, the rest and sucking bars remain unchanged.

Table 2 presents the time values occupied by measures and transitions, depending on the pulsation frequency as a percentage of the cycle time during operation of the DA-3M milking machine.

The lengthening of the transition period from sucking to compression allowed us to improve the technological parameters of the milking machine and increase the intensity of milk removal by 22.3%.

Claims (1)

A method of milking animals, including preparing animals, putting on teatcups on nipples, dispensing milk, maintaining a constant duration of the working cycle and stopping milking while reducing milk production to the minimum acceptable value, characterized in that the transition time from a sucking beat to a compression beat is increased by reducing the duration compression stroke to a value not exceeding 2% of the working cycle time.

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