RU2233393C2 - Adjustable damper-lift - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: adjustable damper-lift has guide with a ring piston, cylinder whose top face is provided with a lock and bottom face is provided with a race with balls, deformable member which embraces the race with balls and is made of a pipe provided with a pin, mechanism for locking the pin and a sleeve interacting with it, lock for locking the cylinder at the initial position, and adjusting ring with outer projections, which is housed inside the race with balls and interacts with them. The ring piston of the guide is mounted for permitting movement and is provided with a ball lock. The guide has a ring projection. The deformable member embraces the guide and interacts with the locking mechanism of the pin. The pin is secured to the cylinder and mounted for rotation. The lock, race with balls, and adjusting ring are arranged in the top part of the guide and are locked with the use of the deforming member. The inner side of the adjusting ring is made of a set of spirals, the number of which is equal to the number of the balls. The mechanism for locking the pin interacts with the deformable member.

EFFECT: enhanced reliability and efficiency.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to means of protecting a person from the effects of shock overloads and can be used, for example, in the seats of astronauts of spacecraft when they land.

Known shock absorber-lift adjustable - see the devil. 115-7503-1100 SB and Technical description and operating instructions 115-7500-1000 TO of the astronaut Kazbek-UM amortization chair, containing a guide with an annular piston, a cylinder with a lock fixed to its upper end, and a clip with balls on the lower end covering a cage with balls, a deformable element made in the form of a pipe with a pin fixed on it, a locking mechanism for the pin and a sleeve interacting with it, a cylinder lock lock in the initial position, and also located inside the cage with balls and interacting with it the adjusting ring with the outer protrusions.

The disadvantages of the prototype are:

- the probability of longitudinal fracture of the deformable element made in the form of a pipe when it is deformed from the inside is greater compared to deformation from the outside;

- less stability of the shock absorber due to different radial deformation of the deformable element itself, depending on the mechanical characteristics of its material;

- stepwise adjustment of the shock absorber;

- the presence of an additional sleeve for the locking mechanism of the trunnion;

- inconvenient access to the adjusting ring, the inability to rotate the trunnion after the shock absorber is triggered;

- greater shock absorber weight due to the greater weight of the deformable element and the presence of an additional sleeve for the pin locking mechanism.

The technical task of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages.

The problem is solved in that, in contrast to the known adjustable shock absorber-lift, containing a guide, a deformable element made in the form of a pipe, a cage with balls placed inside the pipe, an adjustment ring interacting with the balls with external protrusions and a pin locking mechanism against reverse the proposed shock absorber-lift deformable element covers the guide and its deformation by balls is carried out on the outer surface, and the control of the shock absorber and it is carried out by a stepless adjustment ring, the inner surface of which is made in the form of a series of spirals, the number of which is equal to the number of balls, and the locking mechanism of the pin interacts with the deformable element.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where

in FIG. 1 shows a general view of the shock absorber;

in FIG. 2 shows the upper part of the shock absorber (location A);

in FIG. 3 shows the middle part of the shock absorber (place B);

in FIG. 4 - the lower part of the shock absorber (place B);

in FIG. 5 - construction of a profiled surface of the adjusting ring.

The shock absorber-lift contains a guide 1 with an annular protrusion 2 and radial holes 3, covering it, made in the form of a pipe, a deformable element 4 and an annular piston 5 with balls 6, equipped with a ball lock 7 with balls 8, a cylinder 9 with a rotary mounted and fixed on it a trunnion 10 with a ball cage 11 and a ball axle box 12 provided with an annular groove 13.

In the upper part of the shock absorber-hoist there is an adjusting ring 14 and a housing 15 with balls 16 interacting with a deformable element 4 and an adjusting ring 14.

A ball lock 17 is mounted on the housing 15, interacting with the ball cage 11, as well as the locking mechanism 18 of the pin 10 covering the deformable element 4.

A support 19 is provided on the lower ring of the guide 1, provided with a ball lock 20, and a pyrotechnic head 21 at the upper end.

The shock absorber is as follows.

The astronaut’s chair is fixed on the pins 10 of the shock absorber and in the initial position (in flight) is in the lower position. Before the descent vehicle lands, the chair with the astronaut is moved to the upper position, and the overload that occurs on the chair at the moment the descent vehicle touches the ground is reduced to the permissible limits by the shock absorber, the principle of which is based on creating resistance to the movement of the balls 16 embedded in the material of the deformable element to a certain depth moved over its surface.

When feeding the pyrogas from the pyrohead 21 into the inner cavity of the guide 1, the ball lock 20 opens.

Through the holes 3, the pyrogases are also fed into the cylinder 9. Since the annular piston 5 is fixed with a ball lock 7 on the guide 1, the cylinder 9 with the pin 10 fixed to it rises.

After lifting the cylinder 9 to the upper position, the ball cage 11 of the pin 10 is fixed in the ball lock 17, and the balls 8 of the ball lock 7 are included in the annular groove 13 of the ball axle box 12.

After that, the ball lock 7 under the pressure of the pyrogas opens, the balls 6 come out of the annular protrusion 2 and the annular piston 5 is disconnected from the guide 1.

At the moment of landing of the descent vehicle, the overload that occurs on the astronaut’s chair is transmitted through a pin 10, a ball cage 11 fixed on it and a ball lock 17 fixed on the housing 15 to the balls 16 interacting with the deformable element 4 and the adjusting ring 14.

After the shock absorber is activated, in order to avoid overloading of the opposite sign, the axle 10 is fixed on the deformable element 4 of the locking mechanism 18.

Claims (1)

An adjustable shock absorber containing a guide with an annular piston, a cylinder with a lock fixed on its upper end, and a cage with balls on the lower end, a deformable element made in the form of a cage with balls, made in the form of a pipe with a pin fixed to it, the pin locking mechanism and interacting with it a sleeve, a cylinder lock lock in the initial position, as well as an adjustment ring with external protrusions located inside the cage with balls, characterized in that the annular piston the guide is made movable and equipped with a ball lock, and there is an annular protrusion on the guide, and the deformable element covers the guide and the pin locking mechanism interacts with it, while the pin is fixed to the cylinder and is rotatable, and the lock, cage with balls and an adjusting ring are located in the upper parts of the guide and are fixed by a deformable element, and the inner surface of the adjusting ring is shaped as a series of spirals, the number of which is equal to the number of balls ikov, and the pin locking mechanism interacts with the deformable element.

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