RU2232972C1 - Volume-detonating aerial bomb - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: armament, in particular, volume explosion ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: the bomb has a body with liquid fuel and a dispersing charge, head with instruments providing for a preset program of switching of electric circuits of the burster and a device of a variable delay, feathering subcaliber fin with an X-shaped arrangement of feathers, whose casing accommodates a parachute system with an initiating charge. The regulated time before the beginning of switching of electric circuits of the burster makes it possible to expand the range of employment of the bomb both in altitude and in speed, use as a means of delivery not only by aeroplanes, but by helicopters.

EFFECT: not reduced efficiency of action near the target.

6 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of weapons, namely to ammunition of a volume explosion.

The effectiveness of volumetric explosive ordnance depends to a large extent on the modes of use and on the feasibility of using various delivery vehicles.

Known ammunition for volumetric explosion (Aviation and rocket technology: EI. - 1991, No. 1661, p.4):

BLU-73A / B air bomb (USA), which contains a housing with liquid fuel, a dispersive charge, an explosive device. As a stabilizer, the CBU-55A / B cartridge is used, which is discarded from the aircraft, opens on the trajectory with the release of three BLU-73A / B into the air stream;

BLU-82 aerial bomb (USA), which contains a combustible housing, a dispersive charge, an explosive device and a parachute system. The 6800 kg air bomb is dropped from the MS-130 Hercules aircraft and stabilized in flight by a parachute system.

The disadvantages of the BLU-73A / B bomb include the low payload coefficient due to the additional use of a cartridge with a stabilizing device and a mechanism for its opening on the trajectory. In addition, the bomb after ejecting it from the cartridge has an unstabilized portion of the trajectory, which leads to a decrease in the accuracy of targeted bombing.

The disadvantages of the BLU-82 aerial bomb include:

- low accuracy of targeted bombing due to wind drift;

- the need to bomb only at low altitudes and in a narrow range.

Known volume-detonating aerial bombs ODAB-500 P, Moscow, 1982, drawing 9-05786, ODAB-500 PM drawing 9-07234 (technical description attached) - prototype. Aerial bombs differ only in the liquid fuel brand and consist of a housing with a liquid fuel and suspension system, a dispersing charge, a head with explosive devices, a four-feather stabilizer with a ring, in the cage of which a parachute system and an initiating charge are placed.

The disadvantages of the ODAB-500 PM air bombs include:

1. Aerial bomb provides the possibility of its use from heights of 200 ... 1000 m, however, its effective use is possible only in a narrow range from 300 to 600 m, since bombing from heights of more than 600 m with the parachute system turned on leads to large wind drifts and, as a result, to low accuracy of bombing, and the use from altitudes below 300 m due to the small angles of approach to the target leads to a decrease in the size of the cloud of the air-fuel mixture and, as a result, to a decrease in the effectiveness of the action. In addition, the narrow range of heights for the effective use of air bombs sharply limits the tactical capabilities of aviation to use it, since the presence of even low-altitude air defense systems leads to the need for a sharp increase in the height of bombing, i.e. excludes the possibility of its effective use.

2. The inability to use helicopters as a delivery vehicle, since their flight speeds are in the range of 50 ... 350 km / h, while the speed of the parachute system entering the air stream is 14 ... 100 m / s, and the ODAB- 500 PM is developed (from the condition of ensuring operational safety and reliability) only for the case of the introduction of a parachute system into the air stream at speeds of more than 138 m / s.

3. The presence of an unstabilized section of the trajectory (from the moment of the bomb drop to the launch of the parachute system), caused by the need to ensure the safety of the carrier when the bomb is dropped, also reduces the accuracy of the bombing, and consequently, reduces the efficiency of the bomb.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the use of volume-detonating bombs.

The technical result consists in expanding the range of modes of its application both in height and in speed, which makes it possible to use not only airplanes, but also helicopters as delivery vehicles without reducing the effectiveness of the target.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a volume-detonating aerial bomb includes a housing with a combustible and dispersing charge, a head with devices of an explosive device and an electrically connected variable delay device (UPZ), a feathery supercaliber stabilizer with an X-shaped arrangement of feathers, in the holder of which there is a parachute initiating charge system.

To expand the range of application modes of an aerial bomb (increasing altitude and decreasing carrier velocity at the time of bombing) without reducing its effectiveness, it is necessary to ensure the stable movement of the aerial bomb along the fall path before the launch of the parachute system and to temporarily delay the supply of an electric signal to the fuse. The implementation of the stabilizer over-caliber allows you to increase its scope and thereby ensure the steady movement of the bomb on the trajectory of the fall before the introduction of the parachute system. For example, theoretical and computational studies have shown that to ensure the stability of the movement of the air bombs in the dimensions of the prototype (i.e., without reducing the effectiveness of the action), a stabilizer with a tail scale of at least 1.4 of the diameter of the air bomb body is required. The introduction of a variable delay device electrically connected to an explosive device into the design of an aerial bomb provides a temporary delay in supplying an electric signal to the blasting device, allowing (before the launch of the parachute system) to disperse the aerial bomb to a speed at which its safe and reliable operation during bombing is ensured as with airplanes and helicopters.

The implementation of an over-calibrator stabilizer with an X-shaped arrangement of feathers makes it possible to place an air bomb on the carriers at the same suspension points on which the ODAB-500PM air bomb is suspended.

In addition, the introduction of a variable delay device into the design of an aerial bomb allows the principle of block-modular construction of ammunition to be implemented, and consequently, to reduce the cost of its production.

Functionally UPZ includes five systems:

- an installation system designed to manually or automatically set a predetermined delay time and includes three ten-position switches;

- an inclusion system designed to enable UPZ when dropping an aerial bomb from a carrier and including a ball plug, an electric igniter and a barrage filter;

- a power system designed to power the electronic unit and includes two current sources: secondary charging and thermoelectric;

- a control system designed to work out the set delay time and representing an electronic temporary device;

- a command execution system designed to issue a current pulse to an explosive device at the command of the control system.

The variable delay device can be located in a through hole made in the head of the bomb from the side of its side surface. This allows you to compensate for the mass of the UPZ due to the excavation of metal and to eliminate the need for introducing additional harnesses of communication between the UPZ and the explosive device in the design of the bomb, which allows you to save overall mass characteristics, and therefore the effectiveness of the action.

The through hole may be stepped. This form allows the UPZ to be installed both in the factory and directly at the airport when the bomb is suspended on a carrier.

On a part of the side surface of each feather, double-sided stampings (notches obtained by shock extrusion) can be made, oriented perpendicular to the root chord.

Vyshtampovki can be made of a triangular profile with a maximum depth at the attachment point with a clip.

This type of stamping allows you to use the maximum percentage of the surface of the pen for stamping, which significantly increase its strength characteristics, as well as increase the contact area of the pen with the clip, which, ultimately, reduces the thickness of the pen while maintaining the material and strength characteristics, and therefore, ensure preservation of the mass characteristics of the stabilizer with an increase in the range of plumage.

The ratio of the maximum stamping depth to its height can range from 0.05 to 0.07. This ratio allows you to save the strength characteristics of the stabilizer without increasing its mass, ensuring the preservation of the overall mass characteristics of the stabilizer with an increase in its scope. Significant statistics of calculation and experimental work have confirmed the fact that reducing the ratio of the maximum stamping depth to its height by reducing the maximum stamping depth without changing the thickness of the pen and taking into account the fact that the stamping height is limited by the range of plumage and is selected from the condition of using the maximum percentage of the side surface of the pen under stamping, reduces the strength characteristics of the stabilizer. Increasing the thickness of the pen to maintain strength characteristics leads to a sharp increase in the mass of the stabilizer.

The desire to maximize this ratio leads to an increase in the number of transitions in the manufacture of the part, and consequently, to an increase in labor intensity, as well as to the possibility of the appearance of stress concentrators in places of bending of the surface of the pen, and therefore, to a decrease in the strength characteristics of the stabilizer.

Figure 1 shows a volume-detonating aerial bomb.

Figure 2 shows a front view of the bomb.

Figure 3 shows a through step hole in the head.

Figure 4 shows the profile of the pen on an enlarged scale.

Figure 5 shows the profile vyshtampovki pen in place of attachment with a clip of the stabilizer.

A volume-detonating aerial bomb includes a housing 1 with liquid fuel 2 and a dispersing charge 3, a head 4 with devices of an explosive device 5, a cirrus nadkaliberny stabilizer 6 with an X-shaped arrangement of feathers 7, and a variable delay device 8, electrically connected to the explosive device 5. In a clip 9 nadkalibernogo stabilizer 6 is a parachute system 10 with an initiating charge 11.

The variable delay device (VLF) 8 can be located in the through hole 12, made in the head 4 from the side of its side surface.

On the part of the side surface of each pen 7, double-sided stampings 13 can be made oriented perpendicular to the root chord 14 of the pen 7.

Vyshtampovki 13 can be made of a triangular profile with a maximum depth at the attachment point with a clip 9.

When bombing from airplanes and helicopters, an electric current pulse from the carrier’s pulse impulse mechanism (MPI) is delivered to the UPZ 8. After the delay time set at the UPZ has expired, which is selected based on the specified bombing conditions so that the parachute system 10 enters the air stream at a speed that ensures both the safety of the operation of the bomb and the reliability of its operation, an electric current pulse is supplied to the explosive device 5, after which a predetermined grams of switching its electrical circuits:

- shooting a predictor of an explosive device 5;

- input into the air stream from the clip 9 of the stabilizer 6 of the parachute system 10;

- when a predictor of an explosive device 5 encounters an obstacle, a dispersing charge 3 is activated, which destroys the housing 1 and turns liquid fuel 2 into a cloud of fuel-air mixture (FA);

- from the triggering of the initiating charge 11, the detonation of the cloud occurs with the formation of a shock wave of high power, which strikes the target.

Thus, the implementation of the proposed technical solutions allows, in comparison with the prototype, to reduce the required carrier orders by 1.5 ... 3.0 times, and the cost of expendable weapons by 1.3 ... 2.6 times depending on the type of combat tasks.

Claims (6)

1. A volume-detonating aerial bomb containing a body with liquid fuel and dispersing charge, a head with devices of an explosive device, a feathery stabilizer, in the clip of which there is a parachute system with an initiating charge, characterized in that it is equipped with a variable delay device, electrically connected to an explosive device and the stabilizer is made over-caliber with an X-shaped arrangement of feathers. 2. Aerial bomb according to claim 1, characterized in that the variable delay device is placed in a through hole made in the head from the side of its side surface. 3. Aerial bomb according to claim 2, characterized in that the through hole has a stepped shape. 4. Aerial bomb according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that on a part of the side surface of each feather there are double-sided stampings oriented perpendicular to the root chord of the feather. 5. Aerial bomb according to claim 4, characterized in that the stampings have a triangular profile with a maximum depth at the attachment point with a clip. 6. A volume-detonating aerial bomb according to any one of claims 4 and 5, characterized in that the ratio of the maximum stamping depth to its height is 0.05 ... 0.07.

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