RU2232100C2 - Hub motor (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; transport engineering; bicycles.

SUBSTANCE: two-side wheel rotating motor of fork attachment arranged in hub motor has two alternating sheaves located at different sides of wheel, namely, working sheave and idle sheave. In working sheave, single-nose cam acts by its working lowering surface onto wheel ring to run the ring. Simultaneously, single-nose lifting cam acts by its working lifting surface onto round intermediately rotating disk, thus providing constant position of disk axle together with attachment portal and wheel fork or platform together with portal. Working sheave is coupled is coupled with idle sheave through wheel synchronizer. At the end of working stroke, load is re-distributed to idle sheave through portal. Alternation of sheaves provides rotation of hub motor under action of load. Use of single-noise lifting and rotating cams makes it possible to form simple design with larger sizes of single-nose lifting cams at low rotation torque. To decrease sizes of single-nose lifting cam, use is made of cam pulley block which provides increasing of size of single-nose rotating cam and rotation torque without practically changing overall dimensions. Multinose rotating cam, speed increasing mechanism and pulley block make it possible to form compact design and to increase rotation torque. One-side wheel rotation mechanism in stationary hub motor of cantilever attachment-type located from outer free side and provided with multinose rotating cam, speed increasing mechanism and cam pulley block make it possible to form design with maximum rotation torque. Use in axial attachment-type hub wheel of railway pair of single shifted wheel rotation mechanism arranged from inner axial side and provided with multinose rotating cam, wheel speed increasing mechanism and cam pulley block makes it possible to get compact design with lower rotation torque.

EFFECT: provision of hub motor rotating under action of load use in different vehicles or hub motor energy for other mechanisms.

5 cl, 13 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, transport, in particular to bicycle construction. The wheels of bicycles, cars, railway transport, having a different design, have a common detail - this is the axis, which takes on all the load and transfers to the wheel through the bearing, which is the mover of human muscular power or energy of a mechanical engine, converting their energy into translational motion. Therefore, weight is a negative factor. Achieving weight reduction, facilitate the design, and achieving ease of movement, reduce the frictional force in the bearing assemblies.

In A.S. No. 981072 "BIKE" an additional drive with an energy storage device charging mechanism and adjustable shock absorbers using weight as a positive factor is proposed. The energy storage device is mounted concentrically with a freewheel and a rear wheel hub, and the dogs are mounted on an arm, which ensures a compact design. Adjustable shock absorbers allow you to use them for a wide range of loads, but they are fixed on the axis of the rear wheel and bracket, they do not allow you to use the weight of the cyclist or the transported cargo constantly, but only with rough roads. Despite the above positive solutions, the design has several disadvantages:

- the drive has a finite value, i.e. full spring plant;

- when the spring is fully wound, the additional drive slows down the movement;

- at the termination of the contact of the wheel with the road, the stored energy is not saved;

- An additional drive is mounted on one wheel.

In A.S. No. 95104015 "BIKE" an engine wheel is provided in which, when a bicycle is loaded by a cyclist or a load, or both, the weight acts on rings fixed coaxially to the axis, and a moment of force is created for rotation of the engine wheel and the movement of the bicycle or other vehicle. In the no-load mode, the weight of the bicycle is transferred to the axles and therefore there is no moment of force created for the rotation of the wheel-engine. Despite the above positive solutions, the design has a significant drawback:

- displaced rods with earrings and bearings, acting on the rings fixed in the wheel, coaxially with the axis, on the spokes on both sides, do not create a moment of force for the rotation of the wheel and, therefore, for the movement of the bicycle.

The aim of the invention is the creation of a wheel-motor rotating under load for various vehicles, or the use of energy of the wheel-motor for other mechanisms.

This is achieved by the fact that in the design of the wheel-engine, containing plates mounted on the axis of the wheel from two sides, rings fixed coaxially with the axis of the wheel, and supports mounted on the plates, the front of which are in contact with the rings, and the rear are connected to the fork, wheel rotation mechanism is added.

The mechanism of rotation of the wheel consists of at least two blocks because when one block makes a working stroke, the second makes idle. With a larger number of blocks, several blocks are involved in working and idling, while the ride is increased, but the width of the wheel rotation mechanism increases. Blocks can be located on both sides of the wheel - with a fork mount in a moving wheel such as a bicycle or: on the one hand - with axial mount in a moving wheel like a railway wheel pair and with stationary, cantilever mounting.

When the blocks are located on both sides of the wheel, the wheel rotation mechanism is offset from the center, which provides additional force for the rotation of the wheel-engine. When the blocks are located on one side, the wheel rotation mechanism can be centered and offset. When located in the center of the wheel, the greatest torque is achieved.

When forked, the blocks are located one at a time and on different sides of the wheel, and they are interconnected. With axial and cantilever mounting, the wheel rotation mechanism is located inside the wheel ring, and the blocks are located side by side and on one side. It is possible to place the wheel rotation mechanism with one-sided arrangement of blocks on both sides of the wheel, in this case the mechanisms will be independent, independent, but the wheel-engine will have a double width.

The operation of the wheel rotation mechanism consists in the fact that the rotating cam contacts the wheel ring with a maximum radius and the beginning of the underestimating working surface. The rotary cam has an understatement angle, and this is the same inclined plane only on the disk, and therefore this underestimating working surface forces the rotary cam to rotate and lower, due to which the work occurs. Turning and lowering, the rotating cam turns the wheel ring. The larger the understatement angle, the less force or load is required to rotate the wheel ring. Of great importance is the size of the rotating cam, which determines the shoulder for the moment of rotation.

The size of the rotary cam is determined by the understatement angle and the angle of the stroke and is characterized by the ratio of the diameter of the rotary cam to the diameter of the wheel ring and is indicated by the ratio of the diameters / k.s. /. This value corresponds to the gear ratio. With an increase in the number of multiples, the size of the rotating cam decreases, the gear ratio increases, and the speed of the wheel ring decreases.

But only a rotating cam for the operation of the wheel rotation mechanism is not enough, because when the rotary cam is rotated, its axis is lowered due to the understatement angle, due to which the wheel ring is rotated, and if the platform is fixed to this axis with or without load, it will oscillate. Therefore, another element is needed that would ensure a constant location of the platform. Such an element is a raising cam having a lifting angle and which compensates for lowering or raising the rotary cam. If the angle of understatement of the rotating cam is equal to the angle of elevation of the lifting cam, there will be no rotation of the wheel ring. It is necessary that the understatement angle be greater than the elevation angle, and the larger this ratio, the greater the rotation force, and this value is denoted by the ratio of the understatement angle to the elevation angle / s.su.s.p./. . in this paper is constant and equal to 4, i.e. understatement angle = 10 °, and elevation angle = 2.5 °. The amount of lowering of the rotating cam and lifting of the lifting cam in one KS.⌀. equal, and gain in work, i.e. s.s.p. can be obtained due to the difference in working lengths of the rotating and lifting cams.

With equal elevation and understatement angles, the sizes of the rotating and lifting cams are approximately the same and have equal working lengths in different c.⌀. In order for the wheel ring to rotate, it is necessary that the angle of rise is less than the understatement angle, i.e. the working length of the lifting cam must be greater than the working length of the rotating cam. It turns out that how many times the angle of rise is less than the angle of understatement, so many times the size of the raising cam is larger than the rotating cam, and for small values of c.⌀. / of the order of 3 ^x / the lifting cam assumes dimensions close to the size of the engine wheel. That is why with a single-petal rotating cam and a single-petal lifting cam, when the angular stroke and the angular idle are maximum and equal to 180 ° each, the minimum value of the KS⌀ that can be used in the design is 6 ^and . Therefore, in this case, the size of the rotating cam is very small, the torque is small, the gear ratio is large.

The single-leaf lifting cam sits rigidly on the axis of the single-leaf rotating cam with offset, providing synchronous rotation without slipping between them. When the rotation mechanism of the wheel is not centered, the single-leaf rotating cam contacts the wheel ring at an angle with a maximum radius, and the single-leaf lifting cam contacts the vertical circle with a minimum radius with a minimum radius. Under the action of the load, the single-leaf rotary cam rotates and lowers, turning and lowering the single-leaf rotary cam, but due to the lifting working surface, it compensates for the lowering of the single-leaf rotary cam and provides the axes of the circular intermediate rotating disk that the single-leaf rotary cam rolls around, and the portal in which it is fixed , and a bicycle fork or platform that attaches to the portal, a fixed location.

The portal is a rigid structure designed to ensure the coaxial arrangement of the axes of the intermediate rotating disks on different sides of the wheel and for the alternate perception of load blocks.

For synchronous rotation of single-leaf rotating cams in the working and idle blocks, there is a synchronization mechanism, which for blocks located on both sides of the wheel, consists of two rings with grooves mounted on the wheel rings on both sides, and pins, pressed into single-leaf rotating cams. The pins enter the grooves, providing synchronous rotation of the single-leaf rotating cams during working and idling.

The mechanism of rotation of the wheel through the connecting strips of the rotating cams and the portal is attached to the vertical struts, which are mounted on fixed plates. Fixed plates are fixed on the axis of the wheel-engine. At the same time, the uprights are movably, in a vertical plane, connected to the wheel forks or other platform, preventing the possibility of rotation of the wheel rotation mechanism relative to the axis of the wheel under the action of the load.

This is the simplest version of the wheel-engine, which ceteris paribus has the largest dimensions of the lifting cam, small dimensions of the rotating cam and a small torque.

To reduce the size of the lifting cam and the compact design, a mechanism is needed to allow this to be done. The cam pulley became such a mechanism. If we replace the circular intermediate rotating disk in the previous design with a lifting cam, then we get two single-petal lifting cams rotating towards each other, representing a single-stage cam pulley. Since two single-petal raising cams are involved in the work, and the amount of lifting remained the same, for each raising cam it was halved. As a result of this, at the same angle of elevation, the size of the single-leaf lifting cam decreased by half. At the same time, the total working length of the two single-petal raising cams has not changed.

In a single-stage cam belt, there are two identical pairs located in one row vertically, each of which consists of a single-leaf lifting cam and an elliptical gear located adjacent to each other. The lower pair sits rigidly on the shaft of a single-leaf rotating cam, and the upper one is on its shaft, and in order for these two single-leaf lifting cams to run around each other without slipping, you need a synchronization mechanism of the cam pulley, which is two elliptical gears identical to the one-leaf lifting cam . The elliptical gears synchronously rotate the single-leaf lifting cams, which provide a constant location of the axis of the upper pair of cam pulley, i.e. compensate for lowering or raising the single-leaf rotary cam. If halving a single-leaf cam is not enough two times, you can put two more pairs of cam pulley and there will be a two-stage cam pulley that will reduce the initial size of a single-leaf cam by four times. Each stage of the cam pulley reduces the size of the lifting cam by half.

Due to the design feature, with the increase in the number of steps of the cam tackle, its width increases, i.e. row, respectively, two, three, etc. times. It depends on the following in order to fulfill its function of lifting, i.e. of compensation, each single-petal raising cam must first contact with its smaller R. But in a single-petal raising cam, and generally in a raising cam with an odd number of petals, there is a larger R against a smaller R. Therefore, for the second and third single-petal raising cams, the contact occurs not less than R, but by any other, and there is no such position for the third single-petal raising cam to raise it, i.e. compensation. Therefore, the second stage of the cam chain block was allocated in a separate pair and carried out in the second rad, the third stage was allocated in the third pair and carried out in the third row, etc.

The following construction has turned out. The first single-petal cam lifter of the first cam-tackle pulley is sitting rigidly displaced on the shaft of the single-petal cam rotor so that its smallest R contacts the smallest R of the second single-petal cam lifter of the first cam tackle, which sits on its separate shaft. But on the same shaft next to it is the rigidly first single-petal lifting cam of the second cam pulley, so that it contacts its smaller R with the smaller R of the second single-petal lifting cam of the second cam cam, which sits on its separate shaft. Also on this shaft, next to it, the first one-petal raising cam of the third stage of the cam pulley, rigidly sits rigidly, etc. As a result, we have a multi-row and multi-stage design.

The cam tackle steps are connected through their connecting bars to vertical posts. The next stage of the cam pulley has a movement less than the previous one depending on the number of stages. The axis of the upper pair of the last cam block tackle, which is fixed in the portal, has a constant location. The axis of the connecting strips, which are fixed in vertical racks and relative to which the connecting strips swing, are located in the middle of their movement. The odd cam pulley made it possible to reduce the size of the single-leaf lifting cam, but at the same time it increased the width of the wheel rotation mechanism, which made it uncomfortable.

This is the second version of the wheel-engine, which, ceteris paribus, has a reduced size of a single-leaf lifting cam, the ability to increase the size of a single-leaf rotating cam and a small torque.

Eliminate this drawback allowed multi-petal rotating and raising cams, which can have two, three, four or more petals, and they can have an equal number of petals, and different.

With two-leaf rotating and raising cams, we get an even cam pulley block, which differs significantly from the odd one. With an even number of petals, the raising cam has the same smaller or larger R diametrically. This circumstance allows each subsequent two-leaf lifting cam to come into contact with the previous identical smaller R, providing one stage of the cam-tackle. Each step of the cam pulley reduces the size of the two-leaf lifting cam by half. The cam pulley synchronization mechanism is an elliptical gear identical to the two-leaf lifting cam. As a result, we have a single-row design for any number of even cam-tackle stages, providing the minimum width of the block and the mechanism of rotation of the wheel as a whole.

With the same number of petals on the rotating and raising cams, we have an odd or even cam tackle, which reduces the size of the raising cam. Reducing the size of the lifting cam allows you to increase the size of the rotating cam i.e. to reduce the multiplicity of the ratio of diameters, which entails an increase in the number of stages of the cam pulley, an increase in the height and width of the mechanism of rotation of the wheel and the lack of compactness in it.

To solve this problem, it is necessary to have several petals on the rotating cam, and one on the lifting cam. In this case, we will have a gain, which consists in the fact that with an increase in the petals, the lowering value of the rotating cam decreases, and therefore the angle and length of the working stroke are reduced. In this case, the angular stroke of the lifting cam can be increased by two, three, four or more times compared with the rotating cam, bringing it to the maximum, i.e. 180 ° due to the mechanism of increasing the speed of the lifting cam.

The design of the mechanism for increasing the number of revolutions is two gears, one of which sits rigidly on the shaft of the rotating cam, and the second gear is fixed on the shaft of the lower lifting cam of the first stage of the cam block. Moreover, the ratio of the diameters of the gear of the lifting cam and gear of the rotating cam is a multiple of the number of petals in the rotating cam. The connecting strips of the rotating cam and the lower lifting cam are movably interconnected by a plate to provide gearing.

The mechanism for increasing the number of revolutions provides an increase in the working length of the lifting cam compared to the rotating cam, and an increase in the working length allows to reduce the angle of rise and, therefore, to reduce the size of the lifting cam. Reducing the size of the lifting cam is a multiple of the number of petals in the rotating cam, i.e. with a two-leaf rotary cam, the raising cam is halved, with a three-leaf rotary cam, the lifting cam is reduced by three times, etc. All other things being equal, the mechanism for increasing the number of revolutions made it possible to reduce the size of the raising cam without increasing the width and height of the wheel rotation mechanism.

The solution to the same issue - reducing the size of the lifting cam was carried out in two ways: cam pulley and the mechanism for increasing the number of revolutions. Moreover, which is very valuable, they not only do not interfere, but complement each other and they can be combined and used comprehensively. Using only the mechanism for increasing the number of revolutions in the design of the mechanism of rotation of the wheel may not be enough to reduce the lifting cam, and supplementing it with a single-stage cam pulley, which, without increasing the width of the mechanism of rotation of the wheel, doubles the value of the mechanism for increasing the number of revolutions, reduces the dimensions and improves the technical characteristics of the structure.

Two-leaf rotary cam and one-stage cam pulley during complex use reduces the size of a single-petal lifting cam by four times. A three-leaf rotary cam and a single-stage cam pulley reduce the size of a single-leaf cam by six times, etc.

Such a significant reduction in the size of a single-petal lifting cam with small dimensions and small complexity of the mechanism of rotation of the wheel makes it possible to reduce the value of the angle of elevation or switch to a lower c.c., thereby increasing the size of the multi-petal rotating cam, which provides a larger torque at the same load.

This is the third version of the wheel-engine, which, ceteris paribus, has a compact design and increased torque.

The second type of wheel rotation mechanism is a one-sided arrangement of blocks. This arrangement can be made in a stationary, cantilevered wheel with a shaft, when the mechanism of rotation of the wheel is located on the outer, free side of the wheel. The other side with the shaft is used to transfer the energy of the wheel-engine to other mechanisms such as mills, propellers, electrical installations, etc. The wheel rotation mechanism can be located in the center and offset.

With a minimum width, the wheel rotation mechanism has two blocks: working and idle. The number of blocks m. and increased, but the width will also increase. The blocks are located inside the wheel ring and have in their design a multi-leaf rotating cam, a mechanism for increasing the number of revolutions and a cam pulley.

With a one-sided arrangement of the wheel rotation mechanism, the blocks are placed side by side and the upper pairs of cam pulley block are rigidly fixed with an offset on a common axis that rotates in the thrust. The common axis is a synchronization mechanism between the working unit and idle, which provides transmission of rotation from the working unit to idle, and also provides alternate load perception by the units.

The cam pulley via a mechanism for increasing the number of revolutions is connected with a multi-leaf rotating cam, compensating for its lowering or raising, while ensuring a constant location of the common axis and traction to which the platform is attached.

In the block, the multi-leaf rotary cam and the lower pair of cam pulley are connected via gears of the speed increase mechanism, the connecting plates of which are movably connected to each other by a plate to provide gearing. Moreover, the ratio of the diameters of the gear in the lower pair of cam pulley and gear in the multi-leaf rotary cam is a multiple of the number of petals in the multi-leaf rotary cam.

In the cam pulley, the synchronization mechanism is elliptical gears, identical to the single-leaf lifting cam, which synchronously rotate the single-leaf rotating cams, and they compensate for lowering or raising the multi-leaf rotating cam and create the necessary engagement conditions between the elliptical gears.

In the working block, the cam pulley is under load, and engagement between the elliptical gears is provided. In the idle unit in the absence of load or due to other circumstances, so that there is no mismatch between the single-lobe raising cams, they are spring-loaded with each other, ensuring reliable engagement between the elliptical gears.

The blocks of the mechanism of rotation of the wheel through the connecting plates of the multi-leaf rotating cams of the chain hoists and through the rods are movably mounted to vertical posts that are connected to the platform, preventing the rotation of the mechanism of rotation of the wheel relative to the axis under the action of the load. The rods are attached to the platform, which with or without load, through the wheel rotation mechanism provides rotation of the wheel-engine.

The central, one-sided arrangement of the wheel rotation mechanism on the cantilever fixed wheel with the free side allows the use of a c.s., equal to almost two, which suggests that the size of the multi-leaf rotary cam approaches the maximum and is almost equal to the radius of the wheel ring, and the moment of rotation also approaching the maximum.

A multi-leaf rotary cam with an increased number of petals allows either a smaller single-leaf lift cam or a smaller angle of elevation.

It is advisable to use the central location of the wheel rotation mechanism for a stationary non-moving wheel-motor, since in this case, there is no component of the torque from the displacement of the load relative to the center of the wheel-engine.

This is the fourth version of the wheel-engine, which, ceteris paribus, has a maximum size of a multi-leaf rotary cam and a maximum torque.

The one-sided arrangement of blocks can also be used on the inner axial side of the wheel. In this case, the displaced wheel rotation mechanism can be used for axial fastening of a wheel such as a moving railway wheel pair. The principle of interaction in a displaced, one-sided mechanism of rotation of the wheel is similar to a one-sided, centrally located.

With a one-sided, displaced arrangement of the wheel rotation mechanism in a moving wheel of the type of a railway wheel pair having a significant diameter, the axis does not allow the use of a multi-leaf rotary cam of maximum dimensions, which does not allow to obtain the maximum torque. But it is possible to apply k.s.⌀., Equal to four, in this option.

This is the fifth version of the wheel-engine, which, ceteris paribus, has a compact design and significant torque.

Figure 1 shows the wheel-motor of the fork mount, front view, with single-leaf rotating cams / VK / and raising cams / PC / with circular intermediate rotating disks / LDPE / and portal, c.⌀. = 6;

figure 2 - two-sided, the shifted mechanism of rotation of the wheel of the fork fastening with single-leaf VK and PC, round LDPE and portal, KS⌀. = 6;

figure 3 is a wheel-engine of the fork mount, side view with single-lobe VK and PC, round LDPE and portal, KS⌀. = 6;

figure 4 is a wheel-engine of the fork mount, a top view with single-lobe VK and PC, round LDPE and portal, KS⌀. = 6;

figure 5 - single-stage cam pulley / pulley. half / from single-petal PCs with single-petal VK, c.⌀. = 6;

figure 6 - two-stage cool. floor. from single-petal PCs with single-petal VK, KS⌀. = 6;

Fig.7 - three-stage cool. floor. from single-petal PCs with single-petal VK, c.⌀. = 3;

on Fig - three-stage cool. floor. from two-petal PCs with a two-petal VK, KS⌀. = 3;

Fig.9 - wheel-engine fork mount with a single-stage cool. pol., a mechanism for increasing the number of revolutions / у.ч.о./, two-petalled VK, K.s.⌀. = 3,5;

figure 10 is a two-sided, offset mechanism of rotation of the wheel of the fork fastening with a single-stage cool. pol., with a h.c.o mechanism, a two-petalled VK, K.s.⌀. = 3,5;

11 is a working block of a two-sided, offset mechanism of rotation of the wheel of the fork fastening with a single-stage cool. pol., mechanism and three-petalled VK, KS.⌀. = 3;

in Fig.12 - the wheel-motor of the console mounting, a one-sided rotation mechanism of the wheel of a central location with a single-stage cool. pol., mechanism and four-petal VK, KS.⌀. = 2;

in Fig.13 - the wheel motor of the axial mounting type of the railway wheelset, offset one-way-the mechanism of rotation of the wheel with a single-stage cool. pol., mechanism and four-petalled VK, KS.⌀. = 4.

Fork-mounted wheel motor with single-leaf rotating and raising cams, round intermediate rotating disks and a portal.

The moving wheel-engine of Fig. 1 consists essentially of a wheel 1 of a fork mount and a bi-directional offset mechanism of rotation of the wheel 2.

The rotation mechanism of the wheel of FIG. 2, located not in the center of the wheel, consists of two swinging blocks - working 3 and idle 4, alternating and located on opposite sides of wheel 1, from the portal 5, combining these blocks, from two rings of wheel 6, coaxially fixed in the wheel from two sides, and from two intermediate rotating disks 12.

The block of figure 2 consists of a single-leaf rotating cam 7 with an understatement angle, of a single-leaf lifting cam 8 with an elevation angle, from the axis 10 on which they are fixed, and from the swinging connecting plate 9, in which the axis 10 rotates.

In the portal 5, which is a rigid structure, two axles 11 are mounted coaxially on both sides, on which round intermediate rotating disks 12 rotate, and two half axles 13 are mounted at the level of the axis of the wheel 1 for fastening the fork 14 of the wheel or platform with load (Fig. .3).

In the working unit 3, a round intermediate rotating disk 12 acts on the minimum radius R ₁ , the beginning of the lifting working surface, a single-petal lifting cam 8 having an eccentricity "e". At the same time, the single-leaf rotary cam 7-3 acts with a maximum R ₃ , the beginning of a lowering working surface on the ring of the wheel 6. The maximum R _{2 of a} single-petal raise cam 8-3 with respect to the maximum R _{3 of the} single-leaf rotary cam 7-3 is located at a certain angle in force wheel rotational displacement mechanism, it provides a bias by contact odnolepestkovogo rotating cam 7-3 their maximum R ₃ to 6 ring wheel arrangement minimum R ₁ odnolepestkovogo lifting cam in the upper 8-3 th point.

On the other side of the wheel 1 there is an idle block 4, in which a single-petal lifting cam 8-4 is pressed against the circular intermediate rotating disk 12 by a maximum R ₂ , and a single-petal rotating cam 7-4 with an understated idle surface does not contact the minimum R ₄ with the wheel ring 6. Connecting the bar 9-4 is spring-loaded upward to eliminate an obstacle to the rotation of the wheel-engine from the weight of the rotary cam 7-4 and the raising cam 8-4.

In the ring of the wheel 6, disks with grooves 15 are fixed, which include pins 16, pressed into single-leaf rotating cams 7-3 and 7-4, representing the wheel synchronization mechanism of Fig. 4.

Single-leaf rotating cams 7 and raising cams 8 through connecting bars 9, and circular intermediate rotating disks 12 through portal 5 are movably connected to vertical posts 17 (Fig. 3). The connecting rails 9 are connected to the uprights 17 at half the lowering values Δh = 2 "e" of the axes 10 of blocks 3 and 4. The uprights 17 are fixedly connected to the fixed plates 18, which are fixed at one axis of the wheel 1 and the other end, through the corners 19 and plates 20 are connected to a wheel plug 14 or platform.

There is a two-sided shifted wheel rotation mechanism with single-leaf rotating and raising cams, round intermediate rotating disks and a portal as follows.

The portal 5 through the axles 13 acts fork 14 wheels or a platform with a load of Fig.3. The same load through the portal 5, the axis 11 and the circular intermediate rotating disk 12 acts on the working unit 3. Then, through the single-leaf lifting cam 8-3 and through the axis 10-3, the load is transmitted to the single-leaf rotating cam 7-3, which has a maximum R ₃ the working understating surface acts on the wheel ring 6. The understating working surface of the single-leaf rotating cam 7-3 is the same inclined plane only on the disk, and therefore this surface forces the single-leaf rotating cam to rotate and lower achok 7-3, due to which the work takes place. Turning, the single-leaf rotary cam 7-3 rotates the ring of the wheel 6, which is connected through the spokes to the wheel 1 and also rotates it. To the moment of rotation of the wheel 1 from the influence of a single-leaf rotating cam 7-3, the moment of rotation of the wheel-engine is added due to the location of the wheel rotation mechanism off-center. The wheel-motor contacts the road and, as a result of rotation, moves along it.

The single-leaf rotating cam 7-3 and the single-leaf lifting cam 8-3 are fixed on the same axis 10-3, but with an angular displacement of their maximum R due to the location of the rotation mechanism of the wheel 2 not in the center. When the single-leaf rotating cam 7-3 is in contact with the maximum R ₃ with the wheel ring 6, the single-leaf lifting cam 8-3 is in contact with the circular intermediate rotary disk 12 of the minimum R ₁ , which is located at the upper point.

Under the action of the load, the single-leaf rotary cam rotates and lowers, turning and lowering the single-leaf rotary cam 8, but due to the angle of elevation, it compensates for the lowering of the single-leaf rotary cam 7-3 and provides an axis 11-3, on which a circular intermediate rotary disk 12 rolls around the single-leaf lift cam 8-3, and with it the portal 5, in which it is fixed, a permanent location. Together with the portal 5 through the axles 13 a constant location is provided and the fork 14 of the wheel or platform.

On the other hand of the wheel 1 in the idle block 4, a single-petal raising cam 8-4 is pressed to the circular intermediate rotating disk 12 with its maximum R ₂ , which is at the highest point. Against the ring of the wheel 6 is the minimum R _{4 of the} beginning of the raising lowered blank surface of the single-leaf rotating cam 7-4, which allows a gap between them. To ensure clearance and eliminate obstacles to the rotation of the wheel-motor, the connecting bar 11-4 is spring loaded upward.

The rotation transmission from the working unit 3 to the idle 4 is carried out by the wheel synchronization mechanism. To do this, disks with grooves 15 are fixed in the ring of the wheel 6 on each side of the wheel 1, and pins 16 are inserted into the single-leaf rotating cams 7-3 and 7-4, which enter the grooves 15. The wheel synchronization mechanism ensures the transmission of high-quality and synchronous rotation from the single-leaf rotating cam 7-3 to the wheel ring 6 in the working unit 3, transmitting rotation from the working unit 3 to the idle unit 4 and transmitting rotation from the wheel ring 6 to the single-petal rotating cam 7-4 in the idle unit.

As a result of the stroke, the single-leaf rotating cam 7-3 will rotate 180 °, lower by Δh and will contact the wheel ring with a minimum of R ₄ . The single-leaf lifting cam 8-3 will also rotate 180 ° per working stroke, and the maximum R ₂ will be opposed to the circular intermediate rotating disk 12, compensating for the lowering of the single-leaf rotating cam 7-3, thereby ensuring a permanent position for the wheel fork 14 or platform.

The working single-leaf rotating cam 7-3 through the wheel synchronization mechanism in the idle block 4 will also rotate the single-leaf rotating cam 7-4 by 180 ° and raise it by Δh, and it will contact the wheel ring 6 with the maximum R ₃ , which is the initial position of the working stroke . The single-petal lifting cam 8-4 will also rotate 180 ° and will be in contact with the circular intermediate rotating disk 12 of the minimum R ₁ , providing also a constant location for the forks of the wheel or platform.

At the end of the working stroke of block 3, the load through the portal 5 will be redistributed to block 4, which will be working and will continue further rotation of the wheel ring 6, i.e. blocks will change functions. Alternate operation of the blocks that make up the mechanism of rotation of the wheel 2, and provides rotation of the wheel-motor under the action of the load.

This is the principle of the wheel-engine. The use of cam pulley, a mechanism for increasing the number of revolutions, a one-sided mechanism of rotation of the wheel, the central location of the mechanism of rotation of the wheel are variants of the wheel-engine. In these options, either the dimensions of the parts, or their location, or their interaction, change, but the principle of operation is the same.

Cam pulley. One-stage cam pulley block.

The single-stage cam pulley block (Fig. 5) consists of two identical pairs, each of which consists of a single-leaf lifting cam 21 and an elliptical gear 22 identical to a single-leaf lifting cam, the pairs being arranged vertically in a row. In the one-petal cam, the working and idle strokes are 180 ° equal and opposite to the minimum R ₁ is the maximum R ₂ . In the block, the lower pair of cam pulley is fixed together with the offset together with the single-petal rotating cam 7 on the axis 10, which rotates in the swinging connecting bar 9, and the latter is movably fixed with the second end in the vertical post 17. The second pair rotates on the axis 11, which is fixed in the portal 5 .

In the working block 3, the single-petal raising cams 21 are in contact with each other with the minimum R ₁ , and in the idle block 4 they are in contact with each other with the maximum R ₂ .

A single-stage cam pulley operates as follows.

Through the portal 5 and the single-stage cam pulley, the load is transmitted to the single-leaf rotary cam 7-3 of the working unit, which rotates and lowers, while turning and lowering the lower pair of the one-stage cam pulley, because they are fixed on one axis 10. When turning, single-leaf raising cams due to the angle of elevation compensate for the lowering of the axis 10 and provide the axis 11 with a constant location.

Lowering the axis 10 by the value Δh = 4 "e" is divided into two single-petal lifting cams 21, which allowed with the same KS⌀., I.e. with the same size of the single-leaf rotating cam 7 and with a constant SPS, reduce the size of the single-leaf lifting cam 8 by half. High-quality and synchronous rotation of the second one-leaf lifting cam 21 is carried out by the cam-pulley synchronization mechanism in the form of two elliptical gears 22, identical to the single-leaf lifting cams 21 and fixed next to them.

The cam pulley synchronization mechanism allows two single-leaf lifting cams 21 to synchronously compensate for lowering or raising the single-leaf rotating cam 7, and for two elliptical gears 22 to synchronously rotate two single-leaf lifting cams 21.

Two-stage cam pulley block.

The two-stage cam pulley block (Fig.6) consists of four identical pairs, each of which consists of a single-leaf lifting cam 23 and an elliptical gear 24 identical to a single-leaf lifting cam 23, and the pairs are arranged vertically in two rows of two pairs in each stage.

In the block, the lower pair of the first stage of the cam chain block is fixed with offset together with the single-petal rotating cam 7 on the axis 10, which rotates in the first swinging connecting bar 9, and the last with the second end is movably fixed in the vertical post 17. The upper pair of the first stage of the cam chain block is fixed on the axis 25, which rotates in the second swinging connecting plate 26, and the latter with the second end is movably fixed in the vertical rack 17. In the first stage of the working unit, single-leaf lifting e cams are in contact with each other, minimum R ₁ . In the second stage of the working unit, single-petal raising cams 23 must also be in contact with the minimum R ₁ . To do this, the second stage is placed in the second row, and the lower pair of the second stage is fixed on the axis 25 of the upper pair of the first stage. The upper pair of the second stage rotates on the axis 12, which is fixed in the portal 5. In the working unit, the single-leaf lifting cams 23 are in contact with the minimum R ₁ , and in the idle unit they are in contact with the maximum R ₂ .

Works two-stage cam pulley as follows.

The load through the portal 5 and the two-stage cam pulley rotates and lowers the single-leaf rotary cam 7 of the working unit, which rotates and lowers the axis 10, on which the single-petal raising cam 23 and the elliptical gear 24 of the lower pair of cam pulley are fixed. When turning, single-petal raising cams due to the angle of elevation compensate for the lowering of the axis 10 and provide the axis 11 with a constant location. Axis 10 drops by Δh = 8 "e", axis 25 drops by half Δh, and axis 11 is stable.

The lowering of the axis 10 by the value of Δh is divided into four single-petal raising cam 23, which allowed the same size of the single-petal rotating cam 7, i.e. with the same k.s.⌀. to reduce the size of the single-petal raising cam 8 by four times. With such reduced dimensions of the single-leaf lifting cam 23, it is possible to either increase the size of the single-leaf rotating cam 7 to increase the torque or to reduce the angle of rise in the single-leaf lifting cam 23 to reduce the rotational force.

High-quality and synchronous rotation of the four single-leaf lifting cams 23 is carried out by the cam-pulley synchronization mechanism in the form of four elliptical gears 24, identical to the single-leaf lifting cams 23 and fixed next to them.

The cam pulley synchronization mechanism allows four single-leaf lifting cams 23 to synchronously compensate for lowering or raising the single-leaf rotating cam 7, and four elliptical gears 24 to synchronously rotate the four single-leaf lifting cams 23.

Three-stage cam polyspast from one-petal raising cams.

The design and operation of the three-stage cam pulley is similar to the two-stage cam pulley.

The three-stage cam pulley block (Fig. 7) consists of six identical pairs, and each pair consists of a single-leaf lifting cam 27 and an elliptical gear 28 identical to the single-leaf lifting cam 27, and the pairs are arranged vertically in three rows of two pairs in each step.

In a three-stage cam pulley, the lower axis is lowered by Δh = 12 "e", the next axis is lowered by 2/3 of Δh, the next axis above it is lowered by 1/3 of Δh. The upper axis, which is fixed in the portal 5, has a constant location.

The use of a three-stage cam pulley helped to double the size of a single-leaf rotary cam 29. those. reduce cs⌀. up to 3 ^x , compared with a single-leaf rotating cam 7, which increased the torque. At the same time, the dimensions of the single-petal raising cam 27 were reduced by half compared with the single-petal lifting cam 8.

Three-stage cam polyspast from two-petal raising cams.

The three-stage cam pulley block (Fig. 8) consists of four identical pairs, and each pair consists of a two-leaf lifting cam 30 and an elliptical gear 31 identical to the two-leaf lifting cam 30, the pairs being arranged vertically in a row.

In the two-leaf lifting cam 30, i.e. in even petal raising cams, the minimum R ₁ and maximum R ₂ are located diametrically. With the two-leaf rotary cam 32, the lowering of the axis 33 on which it is fixed is less due to the smaller difference between the minimum R ₁ and maximum R ₂ , i.e. due to the shorter cam working length 32.

In the block, the lower pair of the first stage is fixed on the axis 33, which rotates in the first swinging connecting strip 34, and the second second end is movably fixed in the vertical post 17. The upper pair of the first stage is fixed on the axis 35, which rotates in the second swinging connecting strip 36, and the latter by the second end is movably fixed in a vertical strut 17.

The second stage of the two-leaf lifting cams 30, and generally raising the cams with an even number of petals, form a second and third two-leaf lifting cams 30, because the same radii of the two-petal raising cams are located diametrically. Each subsequent two-leaf lifting cam is in contact with the previous identical radii and therefore they are arranged sequentially and in a single row. Each subsequent two-leaf lifting cam, starting from the third, forms one step with the previous one.

The third pair of the second stage is fixed on the axis 37, which rotates in the third movable connecting strip 38, and the latter with the second end is movably fixed in the vertical rack 17.

The fourth upper pair of the third stage rotates on the axis 39, which is fixed in the portal 5 and has a constant location.

In the working block, the two-leaf lifting cams 30 are in contact with each other with the minimum R ₁ , in the idle block they are in contact with the maximum R ₂ .

Works three-stage cam pulley from two-leaf lifting cams as follows.

Through the portal 5 and the three-stage cam pulley, the load is transmitted to the two-leaf rotary cam 32 of the working unit, which rotates and lowers while turning and lowering the lower pair of the three-stage cam pulley, as they are fixed on one axis 33. When turning, the two-leaf lifting cams due to the angle of elevation compensate for the lowering of the axis 33 and provide the axis 39 with a constant location.

On the axis 33, a two-leaf lifting cam 30 and an elliptical gear 31 are fixed, from which the cam pulley synchronization mechanism consists. The cam pulley synchronization mechanism allows using four double-leaf lifting cams 30 to synchronously lower or raise the double-leaf rotating cam 32, and four elliptical gears 31 to synchronously rotate the four double-leaf lifting cams 30.

Axis 33 drops by Δh, the next axis 35 drops by 2/3 of Δh, the third axis 37 drops by 1/3 of Δh, the upper axis 39, which is fixed in the portal 5, has a constant location. The reduced lowering of the 33 Δh axis, divided into four two-leaf lifting cams 30, made it possible to apply a KS⌀ equal to three, which increased the size of the two-leaf rotary cam 32 in comparison with the single-leaf rotary cam 7 and increased the torque. At the same time, the dimensions of the double-petal raising cam 30 were reduced by half compared with the single-petal lifting cam 8.

The use of two-leaf lifting cams in a three-stage cam pulley has allowed its size to be halved and the size of a two-leaf rotary cam 32 to be doubled, while the width of the engine wheel has been reduced by a factor of three.

Fork-mounted wheel motor with two-leaf rotating cams, single-stage cam pulley blocks, speed increase mechanisms and a portal.

The moving wheel-engine (Fig. 9) consists essentially of a fork wheel 1 and a bi-directional biased wheel rotation mechanism.

The mechanism of rotation of the wheel (figure 10), located not in the center of the wheel, consists of two swinging blocks of the working and idle, alternately changing and located on opposite sides of the wheel 1, from the portal 5, combining these blocks, and from two rings of the wheel 6, coaxially fixed in the wheel 1 on both sides.

The block consists of a single-stage cam pulley with single-leaf lifting cams 40, the upper pair of which rotates on the axis 41, from the mechanism of a 2-fold increase in the number of revolutions and from a double-leaf rotating cam 42.

In the portal 5, which is a rigid structure, two axles 41 are fixed coaxially on both sides, on which the upper pairs of the single-stage cam pulley rotate, and two half axles 13 are mounted at the level of the axis of the wheel 1 for fixing the fork 14 of the wheel or platform with the load.

In the working unit (figure 10), the two-leaf rotary cam 42 acts with a maximum R ₃ on the ring of the wheel 6 at a certain angle due to the bias of the wheel rotation mechanism. At the same time, in a single-stage cam pulley, single-leaf lifting cams 40 are in contact with each other by a minimum R ₁ along the vertical axis.

In the idle block located on the other side of the wheel 1, the single-petal lifting cams 40 in the single-stage cam pulley are in contact with each other with the maximum R ₂ also along the vertical axis, and the minimum R ₄ is turned to the ring of the wheel 6 - the beginning of the lowered lifting idle surface of the two-leaf rotary cam 42. The connecting bar 43 is spring-loaded upward so that the weight of the idle block does not interfere with the rotation of the wheel-engine.

In the ring of the wheel 6, disks with grooves 15 are fixed, which include pins 16, pressed into two-leaf rotary cams 42, having the same steps and representing a synchronization mechanism between the blocks.

A single-stage cam pulley consists of two identical pairs, and each pair consists of a single-leaf lift cam 40 and an elliptical gear 44 identical to the single-leaf lift cam 40, the elliptical gears 44 being the synchronization mechanism of the cam pulley.

For a two-leaf rotary cam 42, the angular stroke is 90 °, and for a single-petal cam 40 is 180 °, but due to an increase in the rotational speed of a single-petal cam 40 twice, the working time of their angular strokes is the same. At the same time, in the two-leaf rotary cam 42, the working length was halved, and the working length in the single-leaf rotary cam 40 remained the same, maximum.

In the block (figure 10), the two-leaf rotary cam 42 is connected to the single-leaf lifting cam 40 by a single-stage cam pulley via two gears, one of which is twice as large as the other. The two-leaf rotary cam 42 and the large gear 45, but not larger than R ₄ , are fixed on an axis 46, which rotates in the first swinging connecting plate 43, and the latter is movably fixed to the vertical post 17 by the second end.

On the second axis 47, a smaller gear 48 and a lower pair of a single-stage cam pulley are fixed. The axis 47 rotates in the second swinging connecting plate 49, which is movably fixed by the second end in the vertical strut 17. The first 43 and second 49 swinging connecting plates are moved by the same value Δh and to ensure the operation of the gearing of gears 45 and 48, these connecting plates are movably connected to each other plate 50.

The second upper pair of single-stage cam pulley rotates on the axis 41, which is fixed in the portal 5 and has a constant location.

A two-leaf rotary cam 42 with a larger gear 45 and a lower pair of a single-stage cam pulley with a smaller gear 48 through the connecting rods 43 and 49, and the upper pair of a single-stage cam pulley through a portal 5 are connected to the uprights 17. The connecting rods 43 and 49 are connected to the uprights 17 at half the lowering Δh of the axes 46 and 47.

The vertical struts 17 are fixedly connected to the fixed plates 18, which are fixed at one end to the axis of the wheel 1, and the second end, through the weights 19 and the plate 20, are connected to the fork 14 of the wheel or platform (Fig.9).

There is a two-sided displaced wheel rotation mechanism with two-leaf rotating cams, 2-speed increase mechanisms, single-stage cam tackles and a portal as follows.

The portal 5 through the axles 13 acts fork 14 wheels or a platform with a load, the same load through the portal 5 and the axis 41 acts on the working unit of figure 10. Further, through a single-stage cam pulley block and connecting strips 43 and 49 with the plate 50, the load is transmitted to the two-leaf rotary cam 42, which acts on the wheel ring 6 with a maximum R ₃ - the beginning of the lowering working surface.

The two-leaf rotary cam 42 is rotated and lowered, turning both the ring of the wheel 6 and the axle 46 with the large gear 45. The latter rotates the smaller gear 48 and the second axis 48, on which the lower pair of the one-stage cam pulley is also fixed - this is the one-petal lifting cam 40 and the elliptical gear 44, which make up the cam synchronization mechanism. The lower elliptical gear rotates the upper elliptical gear 44, which together with the single-petal lifting cam 40 rotates on the axis 41 of the portal 5.

When the two-leaf rotary cam 42 is in contact with the largest R ₃ with the ring of the wheel 6, the single-leaf lift cams 40 are contacted by less than R ₁ . Such a contact allows, as the two-leaf rotary cam 42 rotates, to compensate for its lowering due to the angle of elevation of the single-petal raise cams 40 and provides the axis 41 on which the upper pair of the single-stage cam pulley rotates and the portal 5 in which it is fixed has a constant location. Together with the portal 5 through the axles 13 a constant location is provided and the fork 14 of the wheel or platform.

On the other side of the wheel 1 in the idle block, the maximum R _{2 of the} lower pair of the single-stage cam pulley is pulled to the maximum R _{2 of the} upper pair. Against the ring of the wheel 6 is the minimum R _{4 of the} beginning of the lifting, but lowered idle surface of the two-leaf rotary cam 42, which allows a gap between them. To ensure clearance and to prevent obstruction of the rotation of the wheel-engine, the lower connecting strip 43 is spring-loaded upward.

The rotation transmission from the working unit to the idle is carried out by the wheel synchronization mechanism. To do this, disks with grooves 15 are fixed in the rings of the wheel 6 on each side of the wheel 1, and pins 16 are inserted into the double-leaf rotating cams 42, which are included in the grooves of the disks 15. The wheel synchronization mechanism ensures the transmission of high-quality and synchronous rotation at first in the working unit from the double-leaf rotating cam 42 to the ring of the wheel 6. Then, rotation is transmitted from the working unit to the idle through the rings of the wheel 6 inside the wheel 1. After that, the rotation is transmitted from the ring of the wheel 6 to the two-leaf rotary cam 42 idle block.

As a result of the stroke, the two-leaf rotary cam 42 will rotate 90 ° and lower by Δh and will contact the ring of the wheel 6 with a minimum of R ₄ . The single-lobe raising cams 40 during a stroke will also rotate, but only by 180 °, due to the speed increase mechanism and will be contacted by maximum R ₂ , compensating for the lowering of the two-leaf rotating cam 42 and thereby ensuring a constant position for the wheel fork 14 or platform.

The working double-leaf rotary cam 42 through the wheel synchronization mechanism in the idle block will also rotate the double-leaf rotary cam 42 by 90 ° and raise it by Δh, and it will contact the wheel ring 6 with maximum R ₃ , which is the initial position of the stroke. The single-petal raising cams 40 will also rotate, but only by 180 °, due to the speed increase mechanism and will be in contact with each other with a minimum R ₁ , providing also a constant location for the fork 14 of the wheel or platform.

At the end of the working stroke, the load through the portal 5 will be redistributed to the idle unit, which will be working and will continue further rotation of the wheel ring, i.e. blocks will change functions. Alternate operation of the blocks that make up the mechanism of rotation of the wheel, and provides rotation of the wheel-motor under the action of the load.

The reduced working length of the two-leaf rotary cam 42 made it possible to apply a lower value of the ccw, which increased its size in comparison with the single-leaf rotary cam 8 by more than two times. The increased working length of the single-petal lifting cam 40 made it possible to reduce its size in comparison with the single-petal lifting cam 8 by almost half.

The use of a two-leaf rotary cam 42, a single-stage cam pulley with single-petal lifting cams 40 and a mechanism for 2-fold increase in the number of revolutions allowed to increase the moment of rotation of the wheel-engine and to obtain a compact design.

Similarly, a three-leaf rotary cam with a single-stage cam pulley and a 3-fold mechanism for increasing the number of revolutions works (11). But only the technical indicators of this scheme, all other things being equal, are better, i.e. the size of the single-petal raising cams is smaller, and the size of the three-petal rotating cam is larger. It follows that the torque will be larger and more stable with the same compact design.

Cantilever wheel motor with four-leaf rotating cams, single-stage cam pulley, speed increase mechanisms and traction.

The stationary wheel-engine (Fig. 12) consists of a wheel with a shaft 51 of a cantilever mount and a one-way central wheel rotation mechanism.

The wheel rotation mechanism, located in the center of the wheel, consists of two swinging blocks - the working 52 and idle 53, alternately changing and located on the free outer side of the wheel 51, from a common axis 54 that combines these blocks, and from a rod 55 in which the common axis 54 and to which the load-bearing platform is attached.

The block consists of a single-stage cam pulley with single-leaf lifting cams 56, of a 4-fold increase in the number of revolutions of single-leaf lifting cams, and of a four-leaf rotating cam 57.

In the working block 52, the four-leaf rotary cam 57 acts with a maximum R ₃ on the wheel 51, while through the mechanism for increasing the number of revolutions and the synchronization mechanism, the single-leaf raising cams 56 of the one-stage cam pulley are in contact with each other by the minimum R ₁ .

In the idle block 53, the four-leaf rotary cam 57 does not contact the minimum R _{4 with the} wheel 51, but through the common axis 54, the cam pulley synchronization mechanism in the single-stage cam pulley is pulled to the maximum R _{2 of the} upper pair, the maximum R _{2 of the} lower pair is pressed.

A single-stage cam pulley consists of two identical pairs, and each pair consists of a single-leaf lifting cam 56 and an elliptical gear 58, which are two pairs in a row.

For a four-petal rotary cam 57, the angular stroke is 45 °, and for a single-petal cam 56 is 180 °, but due to a four-fold increase in the speed of a single-petal cam 56, the time of their angular strokes is the same in operation. In this case, in the four-leaf rotary cam 57, the working length is reduced by four times, and the working length in the single-petal lifting cam 56 remains the same, maximum.

In the block, a four-leaf rotary cam 57 is connected to a single-petal raising cam 56 of a single-stage cam pulley via two gears, one of which is four times smaller than the other. A four-leaf rotary cam 57 and a large gear, but not more than a smaller R _{4, are} fixed on the axis 60 of the block, which rotates in the first swinging connecting plate 61, and the latter with the second end is movably fixed in the vertical strut 62, which is rigidly fixed to the platform.

On the second axis 63, a smaller gear 64 and a lower pair of a single-stage cam pulley are fixed. The axis 63 rotates in the second swinging connecting plate 65, which is movably fixed with the second end in the vertical strut 62. The first 61 and second 65 swinging connecting plates are moved by the same value Δh, and to ensure the operation of the gearing, these connecting plates are movably interconnected by a plate 66.

The second upper pair of single-stage cam pulley is fixed on a common axis 54, which rotates in the rod 55 and has a constant location.

A four-leaf rotary cam 57 with a large gear 59 and a smaller gear 64 with a lower pair of a single-stage cam pulley via connecting rods 61 and 65, and the upper pair of a single-stage cam pulley through a link 55 are movably connected to the vertical strut 62. The connecting rods 61 and 65 are connected to a vertical strut 62 at half the lowering Δh of the axes 60 and 63. The upright 62 is fixedly connected to the platform.

The stationary wheel-motor of the console mount works as follows.

Traction 55 is acted upon by a platform with the load of FIG. 12. The same load through the rod 55 and the common axis 54 acts on the working block 52. Then, through a single-stage cam pulley block and connecting plates 61 and 65 with the plate 66, the load is transmitted to the four-leaf rotating cam 57, which acts on the wheel with the maximum R ₃ - the beginning of the lowering working surface shaft 51.

The four-leaf rotary cam 57 of the working block 52 rotates and lowers, while turning both the wheel 51 and the axis 60 with the large gear 59. The latter rotates the smaller gear 64 and the second axis 63, on which the lower pair of the single-stage cam pulley is also fixed - this is a single-leaf lifting cam 56 and an elliptical gear 58, which make up the cam synchronization mechanism. The lower elliptical gear rotates the upper elliptical gear, which is mounted on a common axis 54 of the blocks together with a single-leaf lifting cam 56.

When the four-leaf rotary cam 57 is exposed to a large R ₃ on the wheel 51, the single-petal cam lifts 56 of the cam pulley come into contact with each other less than R ₁ . This contact allows the rotation of the four-leaf rotary cam 57 to compensate for its lowering due to the angle of elevation of the single-petal raise cams 56 and provides a common axis 54 on which the upper pair of cam pulley rotates and the rod 55 in which it rotates, a constant location. Together with traction 55, a fixed location is also provided for the platform that is connected to it.

With a one-sided arrangement of the wheel rotation mechanism, the blocks are located side by side, and the synchronous rotation is transmitted from the working unit to the idle via the common axis 54, on which the upper pairs of single-stage cam pulley blocks are fixed with offset.

In the idle block 53, the elliptical gears 58 of the synchronization mechanism of the single-stage cam pulley and the gears 64 and 59 of the speed increase mechanism rotate the four-leaf rotary cam, which does not contact the wheel 51.

The cam pulley synchronization mechanism allows two single-leaf lifting cams 56 to synchronously compensate for lowering or raising the four-leaf rotating cam 57, and for two elliptical gears 58 to synchronously rotate the two single-leaf lifting cams 56.

As a result of the stroke, the four-leaf rotary cam 57 will rotate 45 ° and lower by Δh and will be in contact with the wheel 51 with a minimum R ₄ . The single-petal lifting cams will also rotate, but only 180 ° per working stroke, and will contact each other with maximum R ₂ , compensating for the lowering of the four-leaf rotating cam 57 Δh and thereby providing the common axis 54, and with it through the link 55 and the platform, a constant location .

The working four-leaf rotary cam 57 through the cam-pulley synchronization mechanisms and the speed increase mechanisms in the idle block 53 will also rotate the four-leaf rotary cam 57 by 45 ° and raise it by Δh, and it will be in contact with the wheel 51 maximum R ₃ , which is the starting position of the working move. The single-lobe cam lifts 56 of the cam pulley in the idle block 53 will also rotate, but only by 180 ° and will be in contact with each other with a minimum R ₁ , providing the same constant location for the common axis 54 and the platform.

At the end of the stroke in block 52, the load through the common axis 54 is redistributed to the idle block 53, which will be working and will provide further rotation of the wheel 51, i.e. blocks will change functions. Alternate operation of the blocks that make up the mechanism of rotation of the wheel 51, and provides rotation of the wheel-motor under the action of the load.

The reduced working length of the four-leaf rotary cam 57 made it possible to apply a small value K.s.⌀. equal to two, which increased its size to almost maximum, and compared with a single-petal rotating cam 8 more than three times.

With a reduced working length of the four-leaf rotary cam 57, the single-leaf lift cam 56, other things being equal, is small in size, and compared to a single-leaf lift cam 8, it has decreased almost three times. Such a small size of the single-petal lifting cam 56 makes it possible to reduce the lifting angle to reduce the rotational force.

The use of a four-leaf rotating cam 57 with a single-stage cam pulley from single-leaf lifting cams 56 and with a four-fold increase in the number of revolutions made it possible to obtain the maximum torque and compact design.

The wheel-engine works similarly with a one-sided, displaced mechanism of rotation of the axial wheel of the type of a railway wheel pair, with a four-leaf rotating cam, with a four-fold mechanism for increasing the number of revolutions, with a single-stage cam pulley and traction (Fig. 13).

Claims (4)

1. Wheel motor, containing plates mounted on the axis of the wheel from two sides, rings fixed coaxially with the axis of the wheel, and supports mounted on the plates, the front of which are in contact with the rings, and the rear are connected to the fork, characterized in that it equipped with a wheel rotation mechanism, consisting of at least two interconnected blocks located on both sides of the wheel and offset from the center, while in the working unit a single-leaf rotary cam having an angle of understatement, its maximum radius, the beginning the lowering working surface is in contact with the wheel ring, turning it, and a raising cam having a lifting angle smaller than the understatement angle, compensating for the lowering or raising of the rotating cam, sits rigidly on the axis of the single-leaf rotating cam with offset, providing synchronous rotation without slipping between them, while a single-petal cam rotates with a maximum radius in contact with the wheel ring at an angle, and a single-petal cam lifts in a minimum radius with a circular spacer vertically rotating disk, while under the influence of the load, the single-leaf rotating cam rotates and lowers, turning and lowering the single-leaf lifting cam, compensating for the lowering of the single-leaf rotating cam due to the lifting working surface and providing the axis of the round intermediate-rotating disk, which runs around the single-leaf lifting cam , the portal in which it is fixed, and the plug a constant location, and the portal represents a rigid structure, intended to ensure coaxial arrangement of the axes of the intermediate-rotating disks and for alternating load perception by the blocks, while the working block is connected to the idle block through a synchronization mechanism consisting of disks with grooves mounted on the wheel rings on both sides and pins pressed into single-leaf rotating cams and disks entering into grooves, providing synchronous rotation to single-leaf rotating cams during working and idling, and the mechanism of rotation of the wheel through the swinging connecting plates rotates x cams portal and attached to the uprights fixed to the fixed plates. 2. A motor wheel containing plates fixed to the wheel axis from two sides, rings fixed coaxially with the wheel axis, and supports mounted on plates, the front of which are in contact with the rings, and the rear are connected to the fork, characterized in that it equipped with a wheel rotation mechanism, consisting of at least two interconnected blocks located on both sides of the wheel and offset from the center, while in the working unit a single-leaf rotary cam having an angle of understatement, its maximum radius, the beginning the lowering working surface is in contact with the wheel ring, turning it, and a raising cam having a lifting angle smaller than the understatement angle, compensating for the lowering or raising of the rotating cam, sits rigidly on the axis of the single-leaf rotating cam with offset, providing synchronous rotation without slipping between them, while a single-petal cam rotates with a maximum radius in contact with the wheel ring at an angle, and a single-petal cam lifts in a minimum radius with a minimum radius ohm of an additional lifting cam with the formation of a single-stage cam pulley block with two identical pairs arranged in a vertical row, each of which consists of a single-leaf lifting cam and an elliptical gear located nearby, the lower pair is rigidly mounted on the axis of a single-leaf rotating cam rotating in a swinging connecting plate and the upper one is on an axis fixed in the portal, while the wheel is equipped with a cam pulley synchronization mechanism, which is two elliptic gears, rotating synchronously odnolepestkovye lifting cams, ensuring permanent location axis of the upper pair of cam pulley block, compensating for lowering or lifting odnolepestkovogo rotating cam, and a portal attached to the uprights fixed to the fixed plates. 3. A motor wheel containing plates fixed to the wheel axis from two sides, rings fixed coaxially with the wheel axis, and supports mounted on plates, the front of which are in contact with the rings, and the rear are connected to the fork, characterized in that it equipped with a one-way wheel rotation mechanism associated with the platform, having working and idle blocks located adjacent to the inside of the wheel ring and having a multi-leaf rotating cam, a speed increase mechanism and a single-stage cam pulley, while the upper pairs of a single-stage cam pulley are rigidly fixed on a common axis, which is a synchronization mechanism between the working and idle blocks, providing transmission of rotation between them, rotating in traction, to which the platform is fixed, and at the same time a multi-leaf rotating cam acts on the wheel ring with a working understating surface, simultaneously gears of the mechanism for increasing the number of revolutions and single-petal lifting cams of a single-stage cam polyspast by working lifting surfaces provide a common axis on which the upper pairs of single-stage cam pulley blocks are fixed, a constant location. 4. Wheel-motor, containing plates mounted on the axis of the wheel from two sides, rings fixed coaxially with the axis of the wheel, and supports mounted on the plates, the front of which are in contact with the rings, and the rear are connected to the fork, characterized in that it equipped with a cam pulley consisting of steps, each of which consists of the same pairs - a lifting cam and an elliptical gear located vertically in a row and reducing the size of the lifting cam by half at the same ratio of di meters, the lifting cams are in contact with the same radii and interconnected by a synchronization mechanism, while the cam pulley consisting of lifting cams with an odd number of petals has a multi-row construction that is a multiple of the number of petals in the rotating cam, and the cam pulley consisting of lifting cams with an even number of petals, has a single-row design, the lower pair of the first stage of the cam pulley is fixed together with a rotating cam on an axis rotating in the first swinging connecting strip, the second end is movably fixed in a vertical rack, and the upper pair of the first stage of the cam pulley is fixed on an axis rotating in the second swinging connecting strip, the second end is movably fixed in a vertical rack, the second stage is placed in the second row, the lower the second stage pair is fixed on the axis of the upper pair of the first stage, and the upper pair of the second stage rotates on the axis fixed in the portal with a constant location.

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