RU2231006C1 - Stator for electromagnetic mixing of molten metal - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy; devices for electromagnetic mixing of molten metals in mixers, furnaces, ladles, ingots, blanks.

SUBSTANCE: proposed stator includes laminated core with multi-phase winding; coils of its poles include sections shifted relative each other in height of core. At least two coils are located in first plane; they have sections at sizes S/4, where S is active area of core; they are connected in pairs aiding or opposing. Second plane is provided with one coil consisting of one section; its center line coincides with center line of core. It is necessary that phases are shifted with at least one pair of sections in first plane.

EFFECT: generating traveling electromagnetic field of complex trajectory.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, and in particular to devices for electromagnetic mixing of liquid metals and alloys in mixers, furnaces, ladles, ingots, billets.

Known stator described in A.S. 16608 38, cl. In 22 D 11/12, "Stator for electromagnetic mixing of the liquid core of an ingot" / Yu.A. Degusarov, V.I. Johansen, A.G. Chepovetsky, V.P. Cherniavsky, publ. in BI No. 25, 07/07/91 and containing a lined magnetic circuit with poles in the form of flat tips with winding coils, where the latter are located across the width of the magnetic circuit with a stepwise shift relative to each other.

The disadvantages of such a device are:

_Y по оси Y по сравнению с составляющей

_x по оси X, которая на практике в несколько раз выше.1. The weak component of the magnetic field

_Y axis Y compared to component

_x along the X axis, which in practice is several times higher.

2. Inefficient use of materials, in particular the magnetic circuit in the areas of the coils of phases A, B, C, which significantly increases the dimensions and weight of the product.

_Y и

_X независимо друг от друга, что не позволяет получать бегущее электромагнитное поле сплошной траектории, хотя последнее является необходимым условием эффективного перемешивания жидкого металла.3. The impossibility of varying the components

_Y and

_{X is} independent of each other, which does not allow to obtain a traveling electromagnetic field of a continuous trajectory, although the latter is a necessary condition for effective mixing of a liquid metal.

Closest to the claimed device is a stator, presented in the description of the patent for invention No. 2130359, MKI B 22 D 1/00. Stator for electromagnetic stirring of liquid metal / R.M. Khristinich, V.N. Timofeev, N.P. Marakushin, publ. in BI No. 14, 05.20.99, containing a lined magnetic circuit with a multiphase winding, the poles of the poles of which consist of sections offset from each other and fed from different phases.

The disadvantages of such a device are:

1. The height of the winding is equal to the number of sections multiplied by their height, which significantly increases the distance from the lower sections to the working fluid and increases the magnetic flux scattering, reducing the efficiency of the device.

2. The device has an increased consumption of winding materials, since each of the sections overlaps each other. This leads to an increase in losses in the winding, which reduces the overall efficiency of the device and requires additional cooling.

The basis of the invention is the creation of a stator for electromagnetic mixing of liquid metal, capable of generating a traveling electromagnetic field of a complex path, which would meet the technological requirements for mixing liquid metal in various metallurgical plants, and having increased energy performance.

The problem is solved in that in the stator for electromagnetic stirring of liquid metal containing a lined magnetic circuit with a multiphase winding, the pole coils of which contain sections offset relative to each other along the height of the magnetic circuit, according to the invention, at least two coils are located in the first plane, containing sections with dimensions S / 4, where S is the active area of the magnetic circuit, connected in pairs according to or in pairs opposite to one or different phases, and in the second plane there is only one ear consisting of one section, the middle line of which coincides with the center line of the magnetic circuit, and connected to one of the phases, the phase shift should be performed with a condition of not less than one pair of coils in the first plane.

Figure 1 shows a stator with triangular coils; figure 2 is the same with rectangular coils.

The stator for electromagnetic stirring of liquid metal consists of a magnetic circuit 1, sections 2, 3, 4, 5 of the winding coils located in one plane, and section 6 of the winding located in another plane.

The device operates as follows.

₁ на согласно включенные секции 2 и 3 катушки обмотки в них протекает электрический ток

₁, который создает магнитный поток

’_X. При подключении согласно включенных секций 4 и 5 катушек к напряжению

₂ в них протекает электрический ток

₁, который создает магнитный поток

’_Y. В результате взаимодействия магнитных потоков

’_X и

’_Y, смещенных в пространстве и во времени, создается вращающееся магнитное поле, подобное магнитному полю торцевого асинхронного двигателя. При подаче, например, напряжения

₁ или

₂ на секцию 6, размещенную в другой плоскости, в ней будет протекать электрический ток

₃, создающий магнитный поток

$\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{’’}}{\text{X}}$ или

’’_Y, смещенный в пространстве относительно к потокам

’_X и

’_Y, но отличный с одним из них по фазе. Вследствие этого результирующий магнитный поток, равный сумме магнитных потоков

’_Y+

’’_Y или

’_X+

’’_X с разностью фаз между ними, отличной от нуля, будет создавать бегущее электромагнитное поле в направлении оси Х и Y.When applying voltage

₁ , according to the included sections 2 and 3 of the coil of the winding, an electric current flows in them

₁ , which creates a magnetic flux

' _X. When connected according to the included sections 4 and 5 of the coils to voltage

₂ electric current flows in them

₁ , which creates a magnetic flux

' _Y. As a result of the interaction of magnetic fluxes

' _X and

' _Y , displaced in space and time, creates a rotating magnetic field, similar to the magnetic field of an end induction motor. When applying, for example, voltage

₁ or

₂ to section 6, placed in another plane, an electric current will flow in it

₃ , creating a magnetic flux

$\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{''}}{\text{X}}$ or

'' _Y offset in space relative to the flows

' _X and

' _Y , but excellent with one of them in phase. As a result, the resulting magnetic flux equal to the sum of the magnetic fluxes

' _Y +

'' _Y or

' _X +

'' _X with a phase difference between them other than zero will create a traveling electromagnetic field in the direction of the X and Y axis.

₃, отличающееся по фазе от напряжения

₁ и

₂, то в ней будет протекать ток

₃, также отличающийся по фазе от токов

₁ и

₂. В свою очередь, тогда ток

₃ создаст магнитный поток

’’_X или

’’_Y, который будет отличаться по фазе от магнитных потоков

’_X и

’_Y. Наличие пространственного и временного сдвига между магнитными потоками

’_X и

’’_Y, а также между потоками

’_Y и

’’_Y приведет к созданию бегущего электромагнитного поля, одновременно действующего по осям Х и Y.If voltage is applied to section 6 of the winding coil

₃ , different in phase from voltage

₁ and

₂ , then current will flow in it

₃ , also different in phase from currents

₁ and

₂ . In turn, then the current

₃ will create magnetic flux

'' _X or

'' _Y , which will differ in phase from magnetic fluxes

' _X and

' _Y. The presence of spatial and temporal shift between magnetic fluxes

' _X and

'' _Y as well as between threads

' _Y and

'' _Y will result in a traveling electromagnetic field acting simultaneously along the X and Y axes.

By changing the phase rotation in sections 2, 3, 4, 5, the number of turns, the way the sections are connected to each other and to the multiphase voltage source, one can obtain not only a unidirectional or bi-directional traveling electromagnetic field, but also a multicomponent spatial traveling electromagnetic field, in the formation of which the edge effects of the proposed stator are actively involved.

A stator with a flat magnetic circuit can be used to mix liquid metal in mixers, furnaces, ladles, rectangular flat ingots, as well as for pumping metal in trays and gutters, to mix the liquid core in round or square ingots, and also use the proposed stator as magnetohydrodynamic pump, the latter must be implemented with a cylindrical magnetic circuit.

In addition to the above advantages, the stator proposed by the authors for electromagnetic stirring of liquid metal has the following advantages over known devices:

1. Its connection is possible both for two-phase and three-phase voltage without changing the design of the device.

2. In its manufacture, the saving of winding wire and insulating materials is 30% compared with the prototype.

3. The proposed device is applicable for mixing liquid metal in mixers, furnaces, ladles of almost any design. In this case, the installation of the stator is possible in any accessible place of the mixer or furnace, practically without loss of efficiency, since you can always choose the necessary configuration of a traveling electromagnetic field and get the appropriate technology for preparing the alloy of the metal trajectory.

Claims (1)

A stator for electromagnetic stirring of liquid metal, comprising a lined magnetic circuit with a multiphase winding, the poles of which contain sections that are offset relative to each other along the height of the magnetic circuit, characterized in that at least two coils are located in the first plane, containing sections with dimensions S / 4, where S is the active area of the magnetic circuit, connected in pairs according to or in pairs opposite to one or different phases, and in the second plane there is only one coil, consisting of one section, medium or which coincides with the middle line of the magnetic circuit and connected to one of the phases, the condition of the phase shift with at least one pair of coil sections in the first plane must be satisfied.

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