RU2229680C1 - Method for packing of artillery small-caliber shots - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: military equipment, in particular, packing of ammunition in a container for storage and transportation. SUBSTANCE: the method consists in loading of shots in the links of a belt, which is rolled up in a spiral of two branches, installation of shots with the head and bottom parts in the seats of horizontal partitions, the last belt link is left free and fixed on a conjugated rod fastened in the partition seats forming an assembly that is installed on the bottom of a metal standard container. The beginning of the belt spiral is arranged along the larger side of the partitions made to the shape of the cross-section of the metal standard container, and the free shot is placed inside the spiral. EFFECT: enhanced capacity of the standard metal container. 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the packaging of ammunition in a container for storage and transportation, and more particularly to a method of packaging in metal containers with a sealed lid of artillery small-caliber cartridges installed in the links of the tape for ammunition firing from automatic guns.

The prior art in this area characterizes the invention according to patent RU 2122707, F 42 B 39/22, 1998. “Method for packaging parts in metal containers”, according to which artillery small-caliber unit-loading cartridges are stuffed into the links of the tape, the tape is twisted in a spiral with insulating cartridges according to the head and bottom parts of each other by placing horizontal partitions in the nests, after which they are placed in a standard metal welded-sunset box (metal container with a sealed lid).

A feature of this method is that when filling cartridges in the tape, the last link is left free and one cartridge is independently installed in the nests of the partitions, after which the formed assembly is laid on the bottom of the metal container.

The last free link of the tape is necessary for connecting with similar tapes when forming the ammunition, in particular 30 mm cartridges in the amount of 500 or 600 pieces, which is necessary for the functioning of automatic guns. After clutching with the ammunition belt of the free unit, a cartridge is installed in it independently mounted in the partitions.

The free link is isolated by wrapping paper to prevent direct contact with the surface of the sleeve of the adjacent cartridge in the spiral tape.

A metal container with a complete set of cartridges assembled with spiral tape links separated by partitions nests is tightly closed with a metal lid and geometrically closed by joint bending rolling of their ends with subsequent welding of the gap, ensuring the tightness of the package.

The disadvantage of this method is that the spatially movable assembly of the cartridge strip with partitions formed on the technological table is difficult to integrally, without special locking devices, manually move into the inner volume of the metal container, which is inconvenient and unsafe in serial production.

Welded-rolled metal packaging with a sealed lid is disposable, non-returnable, which increases the consumer cost of ammunition. Moreover, for sealing the connection of the container with the lid and their mechanical separation by cutting in order to extract the tape with cartridges, special equipment and additional technical safety equipment, highly qualified personnel are required, which limits the use of the method in units for the combat use of cartridges.

The obligatory manning of each technical service of combat units with high-precision cutting equipment for opening welded metal boxes reduces the mobility of troops during combat operations with a high consumption of ammunition and the effectiveness of geographically separated artillery automatic systems using cartridges in the tape for high-speed shooting.

In addition, fixing the free link of the tape with wrapping paper does not prevent direct contact with the cartridge adjacent to the spiral and, as a result, is unacceptable for the requirements of long-term storage of ammunition, abrasion of the coating and deformation of shells from transport vibrations and mechanical shocks during possible drops during loading and unloading of sealed metal containers (welded-sunset boxes).

The noted drawbacks are eliminated by the method of packaging artillery small-caliber cartridges described in patent RU C1 2186333, F 42 B 39/26, 2001, which is selected as the closest analogue to the proposed method according to the technical nature and the number of matching features.

The known method includes stuffing cartridges in the links of the tape, folding the tape in a spiral into two parallel branches, installing the head and bottom parts of the cartridges in the nests of the horizontal partitions, while leaving the last link of the tape fixed on the mating rod free, the autonomous installation of one cartridge in the nests of the partitions, which reinforce with a bandage with handles on top, forming an assembly. Next, the assembly for the bandage handles is installed on the bottom of the metal container, closed with a sealed lid, and the assembly is clamped by means of shock absorbers and lever-cam locks.

The formed assembly, connected by a bandage with handles, is a rigid monoblock design as an autonomous component unit, suitable and convenient for manual packaging in a standard metal container with a tight quick-release lid and mobile extraction for combat use of cartridges in automatic artillery systems.

In this case, the free link is fixed on an additional rod, a congruent prototype of the cartridge, which is fixed in the assembly, which provides a spatial restriction that excludes unauthorized contacts with cartridges in the assembly. This increases the safety and security of products during transportation, handling and warehousing.

The power closure of the assembly is carried out through the shock absorbers of the lid when the containers are hermetically sealed manually by means of symmetrically located at the ends of the lever-cam locks, which eliminates the relative movements of structural elements, preventing mechanical damage to the cartridges.

The known method ensured the mobility of the combat use of sealed cartridges in the tape, eliminating the need for special technological equipment, simplified the technology of packing cartridges and removing assemblies from quick-disconnect sealed metal containers, which is returnable, which reduces material and financial costs.

However, a continuation of the advantages of the known packaging are the following inherent disadvantages.

The unsatisfactory payload coefficient in a standard metal sealed container is mainly of the brand Y-25 / 30U, where only 20 pieces are placed. cartridges of 30 mm caliber, because between the assembly formed by the described method and the container body additional sealing gaskets are placed, which form a predetermined geometric volume for the free manual installation of the assembly monoblock on the bottom of the container, as well as its unimpeded removal.

Secondly, to access the tape with cartridges in a rubberized bandage assembly when forming the ammunition of the cartridge belt, tools and time are required to cut and remove the tire bandage, which reduce the mobility of equipment and combat readiness of artillery systems.

The problem to which the present invention is directed, is to increase the storage capacity of cartridges in standard containers and simplify the work on the functionally reliable packaging of the cartridge tape and its removal while ensuring the safety and security of products.

The required technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known method of packaging artillery small-caliber cartridges, including stuffing cartridges into tape links, folding the tape in a spiral into two branches, installing cartridges with the head and bottom parts in the nests of the horizontal lower and upper partitions, leaving the last link of the tape free fixing it on the mating rod fixed in the nests of the horizontal partitions, the stand-alone installation of a free cartridge, the formation of the assembly, the location of handles on top of it, installed assembly lug for the handles on the bottom of the standard metal container and the force clamping of the assembly by means of shock absorbers of the airtight lid and lever-cam locks, according to the invention, the tape is folded in a spiral, forming the beginning of the spiral along the larger side of the horizontal partitions, which are shaped according to the cross-sectional shape of the metal standard container , a free cartridge is autonomously placed inside the spiral, and the head of the cartridges is installed in the nests of the lower horizontal partition.

Distinctive features provided an increase in the capacity of a standard metal container with cartridges in a ribbon compared to the prototype by 25%.

In a compactly formed spiral cartridge strip in the dimensions of the partitions corresponding to the minimum internal cross section of a standard container, 25 pieces are placed. 30 mm cartridges, while a self-contained cartridge is installed in the free volume of the center of the spiral. The assembly is installed in the container directly, without sealing gaskets between them.

The assembly formed according to the invention is a spatially flexible structure, which allows, relatively displacing its constituent elements within the backlash and taking into account the orientation of the cartridges with the head part down, to freely move the assembly along the walls of the container of variable profile when installed on its bottom, holding onto free covering partitions , woven loop handles.

When the metal packaging is hermetically sealed with a lid, the assembly is given spatial stiffness due to the force closure of its structural elements by means of symmetrically located ends of the lever-cam locks through the shock absorbers of the lid, which excludes the relative movement of cartridges in the links of the tape during storage, overloads and transportation.

Mechanical closure of the assembly is carried out manually.

The assembly is removed from the manually opened container by the loopback handles or by removing the upper baffle from the bottom of the cartridges, directly the cartridge strip and the self-mounted cartridge.

The container is returnable, reusable, and at the same time, partitions and a substitute rod are placed in it under the free link of the tape.

Therefore, each essential feature is necessary, and their combination in a stable relationship is sufficient to achieve a novelty of quality that is not inherent in the characteristics of disunity, and to solve the problem thus posed in the invention, while receiving not the sum of effects, but the effect of the sum of the attributes.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

figure 1 - diagram of the installation of the tape with cartridges in the partition;

figure 2 - assembly, packaged in a standard metal container with a sealed lid, a vertical section.

The proposed method is illustrated by the example of packaging 30 mm artillery cartridges of unitary loading in the amount of 25 pcs. in standard metal containers of the brand Y-25 / 30U with a sealed lid, which does not limit the scope of the rights of the formula, but is only illustrative.

In the links 1 of the tape 2, 24 cartridges 3 are pre-filled, leaving the last link 1 free of the cartridge 3. Then the tape 2 is twisted in a spiral into two branches (Fig. 1) from the periphery to the center and the cartridges 3 are mounted with the head part in the sockets (4 hole bushing 5) the lower partition 6 so that the beginning of the spiral of the tape 2 is located along the larger side of the partition 6, which is made of sheet metal, has around the perimeter of the ribs 7 stiffness in the form of flanging and supporting brackets 8 below.

At the same time, the rod 9, which is mating along the profile, is installed in the last link free of the cartridge 3 of the tape 2, and the twenty-fifth cartridge 3, which is also installed in the sleeve 4 of the hole 5 (socket) of the partition 6, is independently located in the free volume inside the spiral of the tape 2.

Next, on the bottom of the cartridges 3 and the rod 9 with sockets 10, an upper partition 11 made of polyethylene is installed. the assembly thus formed is spanned transversely by two free loops 12 of woven material that serve as carrying handles.

For the loop handles 12, the assembly with support on the lower partition 6 is transferred from the technological table to a metal container 13 and lowered to its bottom. In this case, the assembly flexibly moves along the walls of the container 13 with a variable profile and rests on the bottom of the container 13 with brackets 8 of the partition 6, and the handles 12 are arbitrarily stacked on the upper partition 11, on which the cover 14 is then mounted with rubber shock absorbers 15. The cover 14 is cam locks 16-17 are manually moved downward, compressing shock absorbers 15, the elastic forces of the material of which compensate for play and gaps in the assembly of a set of packaged cartridges 3, equipped in a spiral tape 2, and a cartridge 3, mounted automatically there are many in the nests (4-5) and 10 of the partitions 6 and 11, respectively, as well as the rod 9, which geometrically fixes the last link 1 of the tape 2 (free from cartridge 3).

Symmetrically at the ends of the cover 14, the levers 16 located rotate around the cams 17 fixed on the sides of the metal container 13, making their geometric closure with the formation of constipation, the closed position of which is fixed by a check and sealed.

Thus, the force clamp of all structural elements of the formed assembly is carried out by means of shock absorbers 15 of the airtight cover 14 and a pair of symmetrical lever-cam locks 16-17.

Next, the metal container 13 with a packaged set of 25 cartridges 3 in the assembly is ready to be transported, stored and stacked for the swivel bracket 18 (figure 2) mounted on a sealed cover 14.

A metal container 13, inside which a preformed assembly is fixed, closed by a sealed cover 14, is transported in a block of a trellised wooden structure (not shown conditionally), where it is installed and from where it is removed by a bracket 18 manually.

For the extraction of cartridges 3, equipped in the tape 2, and the combat use of the kit described packaging operations are carried out in the reverse order. The levers 16 are rotated outwardly out of engagement with the cams 17, releasing the force clamp of the sealed cover 14, which is removed from the metal container 13 by the bracket 18.

Then, for the handles 12, the assembly is removed from the container 13 and lowered onto the technological support to form an ammunition ammunition in the belt 2, with reference to the use in automatic systems of 500 or 600 pieces. Alternatively, it is possible to remove the cartridge strip as follows. The hinges of the handles 12 are displaced beyond the dimensions of the upper partition 11, which is removed from the bottom of the cartridges 3, and then the autonomously installed cartridge 3 and the directly equipped tape 2 with the fixing rod 9 are sequentially removed.

After that, the rod 9 is removed from the last link 1 of the tape 2, which is connected to the link 1 of the tape 2 of the ammunition cartridge 3 being assembled, formed from 20 or 24 similar packages, for equipping artillery machine guns 2A-42 or 2A-72, respectively.

After coupling of the free link 1 of the tape 2 with the link 1 of the other tape 2 of the ammunition, the cartridge 3 is stuffed into it, extracted from the corresponding assembly, where it was stored autonomously.

Both partitions 6, 11 and the rod 9 are used for reusable use, they are placed in a returnable container 13, which is closed with a lid 14, fixed by locks 16-17.

The proposed method of packaging cartridges 3 in a tape 2 in a standard metal container 13 is carried out in a larger relative to the prototype by 25% without additional gaskets, in a relatively movable assembly, which is rigidly fixed with a mechanically closed sealed lid 14, which simplifies maintenance and also allows tipping and falls during manual carrying and loading-unloading in combat conditions, because relative movements of its structural elements are practically excluded inside the assembly.

A comparative analysis of the proposed technical solution with identified analogues of the prior art, from which the invention does not explicitly follow for an ammunition specialist, showed that it is not known, and taking into account the possibility of serial packing of cartridges in standard metal containers, it can be concluded that the patentability criteria are met.

Claims (1)

A method of packaging artillery small-caliber cartridges, including stuffing cartridges into tape links, folding the tape in a spiral into two branches, installing cartridges with the head and bottom parts in the nests of the horizontal lower and upper partitions, leaving the last link of the tape free with its fixation on the mating horizontal partitions attached to the nests the rod, autonomous installation of the free cartridge, the formation of the assembly, the location of the handles on top of it, the installation of the assembly by the handles at the bottom of the standard metal container the clamping of the assembly by means of shock absorbers of the sealed cover and lever-cam locks, characterized in that the tape is folded in a spiral, forming the beginning of the spiral along the greater side of the horizontal partitions, which are shaped according to the cross-sectional shape of the metal standard container, the free cartridge is independently placed inside the spiral, and the head of the cartridges are installed in the nests of the lower horizontal partitions.

Images