RU2229654C2 - Prefabricated heat-insulating structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat insulation for pipelines designed for various industries, primarily for nuclear power engineering. SUBSTANCE: prefabricated heat insulating structure suitable for installation on pipelines of different diameters and for reuse upon decontamination is made in the form of sections assembled to form polyhedral casing. External and internal shells are joined at butt-ends by means of crossbars made in the form of open sections contacting safety shields installed at butt-ends of sections. Adjustable stops are installed in addition on internal shell. EFFECT: reduced residence time of attending personnel in radioactive area. 8 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to thermal insulation of pipelines and can be used in various sectors of the economy, mainly in nuclear facilities (AT).

Known prefabricated heat-insulating structure, consisting of sectors with sealing mating surfaces with a heat-insulating layer and an external foam layer (AS No. 569786 of the USSR, class F 16 L 58/02, 1976).

Known thermal insulation design made in the form of two covering the pipeline, interconnected half-cylinders located one above the other, representing in cross section two facing each other boxes in the form of half rings (RF patent No. 2152553, F 16 L 59/00, 1998) .

The disadvantage of these designs is that they do not provide the ability to monitor the pipeline without removing the insulation, because thermal insulation tightly fits the pipeline.

Also known is a prefabricated heat-insulating structure made in the form of sections covering the pipeline, interconnected by locks, forming a casing in the form of a polyhedron, with thermal insulation fixed on it (AS No. 731168 USSR, class F 16 L 53/00, 1978 )

However, this design cannot provide a uniform gap between the insulation and the pipeline, which does not allow to maintain a uniform thermal field for insulation. This design makes it difficult to control the pipeline without removing the thermal insulation, and also does not allow for effective decontamination at AT facilities, which is necessary to ensure the reuse of the thermal insulation structure.

Closest to the claimed invention in terms of essential features is invention No. 731168 of the USSR, class. F 16 L 53/00, 1978, which is selected as a prototype.

Thus, the urgent task is to ensure a uniform thermal field in the volume of the entire heat-insulating structure, to monitor the pipeline and the state of the medium under insulation without removing the heat insulation when reusing both the structure as a whole and heat insulation, in particular, as well as ensuring deactivation in accordance with established sanitary standards at the facilities of AT.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the proposed prefabricated heat-insulating structure when used provides a uniform thermal field in the volume of the entire structure due to the combination of design features. This ensures a uniform adjustable gap between the pipeline and the insulation, which allows you to install insulation on pipelines of various diameters, as well as install the necessary monitoring systems and various sensors to monitor the state of the medium under insulation and the condition of the welds. At the same time, the proposed design can be reused, since it structurally consists of sections located along the entire length of the pipeline, which are interconnected by easy-to-use locks, which does not require much time during installation and dismantling of the structure, and therefore, reduces the residence time of the maintenance personnel in the active (contaminated) zone. Since the sections are made in the form of boxes, the thermal insulation placed inside them and having worked out its life can be replaced during scheduled preventive repairs, and the versatility of the design allows you to install both rigid and soft thermal insulation.

The design feature of the sections is the drainage holes made in them, which, together with other elements, provide the possibility of decontamination of the structure by all standard staff adopted at the AT facilities.

To achieve the specified technical result in a prefabricated heat-insulating structure made in the form of covering pipes, interconnected detachable sections forming a casing in the form of a polyhedron, the sections consist of outer and inner shells with thermal insulation, interconnected by jumpers made in the form of an open profile and having contact with shields installed at the ends of the sections, and stops are additionally installed on the inner shell.

To reduce heat transfer from the heating surface to the outer shell of the section, the protective screens are perforated or in the form of a mesh.

To prevent the decontamination solution from entering the shells, the jumpers are made in the form of an open profile having linear contact with the protective screen, and drainage holes located in the zone of the jumpers are made on the inner and outer shells.

To achieve better sealing on the planes of the connector sections additionally installed seals made of absorbent material. In order to prevent these seals from being pressed into the installed gap, rigid stops are additionally installed on the sections of the section connector planes, the height of which is less than the thickness of the seals, and through holes are made in the rigid stops for flexible seal fastening elements.

To exclude a direct lumbar of the heat flow from the heating surface to the atmosphere, the sections are installed with an offset relative to each other along the length of the pipeline.

The number of faces of the casing is a multiple of two, which ensures a uniform gap between the insulation and the pipeline, this, in turn, allows you to maintain a uniform thermal field for insulation, as well as to install the design on pipelines of various diameters.

To ensure a uniform gap between the thermal insulation and the pipeline, the stops additionally installed on the inner shell are made with the possibility of regulation.

The signs given in the claims are necessary and sufficient to achieve the specified technical result, that is, they are essential.

The proposed invention is not known from available sources of information, it does not explicitly follow from the prior art and is industrially applicable, that is, it meets all the criteria for patentability under applicable law.

The essence of the claimed invention is illustrated by graphic images.

Figure 1 shows a general view of a pipeline with thermal insulation, figure 2 shows a section of a pipeline with thermal insulation, figure 3 shows a section of the junction of the sections with each other, figure 4 shows an adjustable stop, figure 5 shows drainage holes located in in the jumper zone, Fig. 6 shows the jumpers in cross section, Fig. 7 shows a diagram of the arrangement of hard stops and fastening of seals of sections located in the connector planes, ″ a ″ is the specified clearance, “c” is the allowable size in the junction between the sections.

The prefabricated heat-insulating structure contains:

1 - pipeline, 2 - sections, 3 - outer shell, 4 - inner shell, 5 - jumpers, 6 - locks, 7 - adjustable stops, 8 - insulation, 9 - ends of sections, 10 - shields, 11 - drainage holes, 12 - section connector planes, 13 - seals, 14 - rigid stops, 15 - through holes, 16 - flexible elements.

The prefabricated heat-insulating structure is made in the form of sections 2 covering the pipeline 1, forming a casing between themselves. Each section 2 is made in the form of a box, consisting of an outer shell 3 and an inner shell 4, which are interconnected by jumpers 5 and locks 6. The locks 6 are located on the outer shell 3. On the inner shell 4 mounted stops 7 with the possibility of regulation. Between the outer shell 3 and the inner shell 4 there is a thermal insulation 8. At the ends 9 of the sections 2, protective shields 10 are installed, which can be made perforated or in the form of a mesh. The jumpers 5 are made in the form of an open profile having a linear contact with the protective screen 9. For example, the jumpers 5 can be made in the form of corners, the vertices of which are turned into the sections 2 and have linear contact with the protective screen 9 (mesh).

On the inner shell 4 and the outer shell 3 there are drainage holes 11 located in the zone of the jumpers 5.

In the planes of the connector 12 of sections 2, seals 13 and rigid stops 14 are installed, the height of which is less than the thickness of the seals 13. In the hard stops 14, through holes 15 are made for flexible elements 16 (for example, wire) for fastening the seals 13. Sections 2 are mounted with an offset along the length of the pipeline 1, and the number of faces of the casing 17 is a multiple of two.

Prefabricated insulation design works as follows.

Before installing the heat-insulating structure on the pipeline 1 in the section 2, made in the form of boxes, place the heat insulation 8, then using the adjustable stops 7 set the specified clearance “a”, in the planes of the connector sections 2 install the seals 13 and fix them with flexible elements 16, for example, wire .

Then the sections 2 are installed on the pipeline 1 and closed with locks 6. When closing the locks 6, the seals 13 act as an elastic element, since the hard stops 14 clearly regulate the size “c” and the seals 13 are not pressed into the gap.

When heating the pipeline 1, heat is transmitted through the inner shell 4 by a limited heat flux, since at the ends of the sections 2 there are protective shields 10 that can be made, for example, in the form of a grid, thus breaking the heat flux and, therefore, heat generation to the zone is reduced operation of the insulating structure.

When the structure is deactivated, to prevent the decontamination solution from entering the pipeline 1, the seals 13 are made of hygroscopic material that absorbs the solution flowing through the jumpers 5 to the drain holes 11 located in the zone of the jumpers 5 to the outside.

The versatility of the design, as well as the adjustable stops 7 provide a uniform predetermined clearance “a”, which allows the installation of monitoring systems for the state of welds and sensors for monitoring the state of the environment (not shown in the drawings).

During scheduled preventive repairs, thermal insulation 8, which has exhausted its life, is replaced.

The versatility of the design allows you to install thermal insulation 8 as rigid as soft.

The invention described above can be used in various sectors of the economy, where thermal insulation is necessary for the pipeline, and especially at AT facilities.

Currently, a prototype of the proposed design has been manufactured and tested.

Testing of the product at nuclear power plants showed that the use of this invention provides a uniform thermal field in the volume of the entire structure by ensuring its tightness, which is achieved by a combination of design features, in particular the presence of an adjustable gap and the execution of sections in the form of boxes, as well as the location of the sections along the pipeline with an offset relative to each other, installed in the planes of the connector sections by seals made of absorbent material, and the presence of locks.

In turn, seals made of hygroscopic material can effectively decontaminate the structure.

Sectionalization of the structure, as well as convenient locks located on it, can significantly reduce the time spent by staff in the active (contaminated) zone.

The execution of the faces of the casing, a multiple of two (from 2 to 8), simplifies the use of this design on pipelines of various diameters and at the same time helps to ensure a uniform gap between the insulation and the pipeline.

The applicant is not aware of a similar design, which when used provides the specified technical result.

In the future, it is planned to use this product at Kalinin NPP.

From the foregoing, it follows that the claimed invention is aimed at solving the problem and at the same time meets the requirements of protection under current law.

Claims (8)

1. A prefabricated heat-insulating design made in the form of interconnected detachable sections covering a pipe, forming a casing in the form of a polyhedron, the sections consist of inner and outer shells with thermal insulation, and seals are installed in the planes of the connector sections, characterized in that the outer and inner shells the ends are interconnected by jumpers made in the form of an open profile and having contact with protective shields installed in the ends of the sections, and stops are installed on the inner shell . 2. The design according to claim 1, characterized in that the protective screens are perforated or in the form of a mesh. 3. The design according to claim 1, characterized in that on the inner and outer shells are made drainage holes located in the zone of the jumpers. 4. The construction according to claim 1, characterized in that on the planes of the connector sections are additionally installed hard stops, the height of which is less than the thickness of the seals, and in the hard stops there are through holes for flexible fastening elements of the seals. 5. The design according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the seals are made of absorbent material. 6. The construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the sections are installed with an offset relative to each other along the length of the pipeline. 7. The design according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of faces of the casing is a multiple of two. 8. The design according to claim 1, characterized in that the stops are made with the possibility of regulation.

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