RU2229497C1 - Fireproofing swelling material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire protection. SUBSTANCE: material is made from polymer composition and contains polyvinylchloride, expanded graphite as swelling composition, and, as plasticizer, dioctyl phthalate/trichloroethyl phosphate mixture at ratio (0.5-2.0):1. EFFECT: reduced thickness of material without loss in fireproofing capacity. 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of chemistry, in particular to flame retardant materials containing high molecular weight compounds.

Known fire-resistant polymer multilayer material protected by RF patent No. 2120956, IPC S 09 K 21/14, publ. 10/27/1998.

In the known fire-resistant polymer multilayer material with a front fire-retardant layer based on plasticized suspension or emulsion polyvinyl chloride, including a flame retardant, stabilizers and a phosphorus-containing plasticizer, and a layer next to the front one containing a polymeric binder, a plasticizer and a fire retardant, the layer following the front a polymeric binder, emulsion polyvinyl chloride or perchlorovinyl resin and further comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of diamidase dicarboxylic acid, 2,2'-azo-bis- (isobutyronitrile), N, N'-dinitrozolentametilenpentetramin, methyl n-gidrazinosulfonilkarbaminovoy acid diazoaminobenzol, maleic acid and amalonovuyu acid.

However, this material is not technologically advanced to manufacture, as it is a complex multilayer structure and, in addition, does not provide sufficient fire resistance. Due to the low physical and mechanical characteristics of the material, mandatory fabric reinforcement is required.

Closest to the claimed technical essence and the achieved result, selected as a prototype, is a flame retardant intumescent material protected by RF patent No. 2091424, cl. From 09 To 21/12, publ. 09/27/1997. The material is made in the form of fiberglass fabric coated with a polymer coating of a polyvinyl chloride composition containing disubstituted ammonium phosphate as an ammonium salt of phosphoric acid and additionally dioctyl phthalate as a plasticizer. The intumescent component in the material is disubstituted ammonium phosphate and pentaerythritol.

A disadvantage of the known material is that the protective composition is applied to the fabric and cannot exist independently due to fragility. The dioctyl phthalate plasticizer used supports combustion. Destruction (expansion) begins at ~ 200 ° C. The known composition with a low content of polymeric binder does not have the necessary complex of physicochemical properties for protective materials, and is determined by the properties of the fabric on which the composition is applied.

The problem solved by the invention is the creation of an elastic flame retardant material that does not require fabric reinforcement.

The technical result from the use of the invention is to reduce the thickness of the material while maintaining its high flame retardant properties.

This result is achieved in that the fire retardant intumescent material made of a polymer composition containing polyvinyl chloride, a plasticizer and an intumescent component contains expanded graphite as an intumescent component, and as a plasticizer a mixture of dioctyl phthalate with trichloroethyl phosphate in the following ratio, wt.h .:

Polyvinyl chloride 100

Expanded Graphite 20-60

A mixture of dioctyl phthalate with trichloroethyl phosphate 30-60

The ratio of dioctyl phthalate to trichloroethyl phosphate in the mixture is (0.5-2.0): 1.

The use of expanded graphite as the intumescent component provides an increase in the volume of fire-retardant material when exposed to fire ~ 1000 ° C, and also increases the thermal stability of polyvinyl chloride (polymer binder) by ~ 20 ° C. The use of a mixture of dioctyl phthalate with trichloroethyl phosphate as a plasticizer in a ratio of (0.5-2.0): 1 reduces the overall combustibility of the material, since it is a flame retardant.

Expanded graphite can be used, for example, of the RG-M brand (TU 5728-006-115907317-99), polyvinyl chloride - suspension or emulsion of any manufacturer, dioctyl phthalate and trichloroethyl phosphate - technical. As target additives to polyvinyl chloride, light and heat stabilizers, lubricants and fillers are used.

Fire retardant material is made as follows.

A portion of expanded graphite with a pre-prepared mixture of trichloroethyl phosphate with dioctyl phthalate is rubbed in a paint grater. The resulting paste, polyvinyl chloride, target additives are loaded into the mixer, mixed for 20-30 minutes. Then the plasticized mass is fed to the calender and get a film with a thickness of 1.0 ± 0.1 mm

Fire retardant material can be obtained in the form of:

- an elastic film that can be laminated with a decorative coating or applied to a fabric (cotton, synthetic, fiberglass, etc.);

- an elastic tube (for example, as a fire retardant sheath for electric and other cables);

- fireproof sealing profiles;

- solid polyvinyl chloride products: pipes (ducts), wall panels, protective sheets and others.

The proposed ratio of components is optimal, found experimentally and provides a material with high flame retardant properties.

The following examples illustrate the invention.

Example 1

60 g of expanded graphite (WG) with a pre-prepared mixture of 30 g of trichloroethyl phosphate (TCEP) with 30 g of dioctyl phthalate (DOP) are rubbed in a paint grater. The resulting paste is loaded into the mixer, 100 g of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), 10 g of chalk, 1 g of epoxidized soybean oil, 1 g of calcium stearate and 1 g of barium stearate. Stirred for 30 minutes. Then the plasticized mass is fed to the calender and get a film with a thickness of 1.0 mm

Examples 2-5 are carried out analogously to example 1. The data are summarized in table.

Fire tests were carried out in accordance with GOST 30247.0-94 "Building structures. Fire test methods. General requirements".

Physico-mechanical characteristics of the material were evaluated by standard methods. The density of all samples was 1.37-1.45 g / cm ³ . Weight loss at 300 ° C for 6 hours for all samples 1.5-2.5%.

As can be seen from the table, the proposed flame retardant material has high flame retardant properties with a thickness of 1.0 ± 0.1 mm up to 65 minutes

When reducing the amount of a mixture of dioctyl phthalate with trichloroethyl phosphate less than 30 parts by weight the material becomes insufficiently elastic and fragile, an increase in its amount of more than 60 parts by weight technologically impractical, the material becomes fluid. When reducing the amount of thermally expanded graphite to less than 20 parts by weight fire-retardant properties of the material are not provided (less than 30 minutes), and an increase in its amount more than 60 parts by weight technologically impractical and may affect the deterioration of physical and mechanical characteristics. With a decrease in the amount of dioctyl phthalate in the mixture and, accordingly, an increase in the amount of trichloroethyl phosphate, the elasticity of the composition decreases and, in addition, toxicity during its burning increases.

Thus, the present invention allows to obtain flame retardant material that does not require fabric reinforcement, with high flame retardant properties, with a thickness of 1.0 ± 0.1 mm

Claims (1)

Fire-retardant intumescent material made of a polymer composition containing polyvinyl chloride, a plasticizer and an intumescent component, characterized in that it contains expanded graphite as an intumescent component, and a mixture of dioctyl phthalate with trichloroethyl phosphate in the mixture ratio (0.5-2 , 0): 1 in the following ratio of components, parts by weight: Polyvinyl chloride 100 Expanded Graphite 20 - 60 Mixture of dioctyl phthalate with trichloroethyl phosphate 30-60