RU2229077C2 - Water-tube supercharger for cleaning heat-transfer agents including heat-transfer surfaces of furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cleaning heat-transfer agents including heat-transfer surfaces of steam boiler furnaces. SUBSTANCE: supercharger has its nozzle tube neck secured through front cardan joint in peephole or in water-wall setting channel and through rear part of blowing tube and is installed in guide for vertical displacement through height and for horizontal movement on known linear displacement block with aid of rear cardan joint whose internal part is, essentially, sleeve-shaped guide accommodating nozzle tube mounted therein for axial displacement; nozzle tube has nozzle and nozzle head; novelty is that known horizontally movable and heightwise shifted linear displacement block separately controlled from servo motors with coordinate converter is capable of moving with aid of cross support on vertical linear displacement block secured by means of auxiliary frame and two fastening brackets on boiler wall; rear cardan joint installed on vertical linear displacement block is made in the form of enclosed twin frame structure whose external frame is joined at its top part through intermediate member by means of two flanges to projections on vertical linear displacement block; mentioned flange has depression to receive bolt so as top and bottom points of revolution are formed; bolt is secured through other intermediate member in internal frame of twin frame structure; secured in center of the latter by means of transversal bolt is guide with connecting members provided on its both ends to receive respective corrugated membrane; disposed between nozzle head and front cardan joint is connecting member having conical expansion at nozzle head seating to receive nozzle, crown-shaped bulge to fit this expansion is provided in internal part of front cardan joint, and distribution ring with depressions is fitted onto front part of nozzle head and joined to the latter best by means of threaded joint. Proposed supercharged that functions to prevent fouling of nozzle head is easily shipped in disassembled condition and easily reassembled and repaired. EFFECT: reduced cost, enhanced precision of control and blowing pattern reproduction; enhanced cooling efficiency of nozzle head. 7 cl, 10 dwg

Description

A water-tube supercharger for cleaning coolants, in particular, the heating surface of the furnace in steam boilers, which is fixed by the nozzle neck with a cardan joint in the hatch or in the lining channel of the furnace screen and the back of the nozzle tube is placed in a guide fixed with the possibility of vertical displacement along the height and horizontal movement on a known linear displacement unit by means of another universal joint, the inside of which is a guide in the form of a sleeve, in otorrhea arranged axially movable nozzle tube, the latter comprises a nozzle and the nozzle head.

The invention relates to a water-tube supercharger for cleaning coolants, in particular, a heating surface of a furnace in steam boilers, which is secured by a throat of a blowing tube with a cardan joint in the hatch or in the channel of the lining of the furnace screen and the back of the nozzle tube is mounted in a guide fixed with the possibility of vertical movement along height and horizontal movement on a known linear displacement unit by means of a cardan joint, the inner part of which is a guide in the form of a sleeve in which the nozzle tube is axially displaced, the last tube comprising a nozzle and a nozzle head.

According to DE 4142448, there is known a water-jet apparatus for cleaning coolants, which is fastened by a nozzle neck with a cardan joint in the hatch of the furnace screen and the rear part of the nozzle tube is placed in the guide support, which moves vertically on the vertical spindle, and the vertical spindle moves horizontally at the top and bottom, respectively on the horizontal spindle. Horizontal spindles are placed at their ends in the box, where they are fixed and on the one hand are in kinematic connection with each other.

The guide support consists of a housing that is rotatably mounted on a vertical spindle and has a fork mount on the side, in which a holder in the form of a cardan is located, equipped with a sleeve in the inner part, in which the nozzle tube is placed with axial movement.

The horizontal spindles in this waterjet are surrounded by a corrugated membrane that protects the spindles from contamination.

The disadvantage of this water-jet apparatus is that the lower horizontal spindle is driven by a roller chain from the upper horizontal spindle. Due to the working tolerance provided for the roller chain and changes in the length of the roller chain that occur during operation, additional adjustment of the lower horizontal spindle in both side ducts is required.

Thus, the attachment of the lower spindle must be constantly loosened, reinstalled, aligned exactly parallel to the upper spindle and then tensioned again.

In addition, during operation, neither horizontal nor vertical deviation of the nozzle tube relative to the middle position is provided, and thus it is not possible to control the automatically running cleaning process.

The change of relatively quickly wearing corrugated membranes on horizontal spindles makes it necessary to dismantle the spindles from the boxes.

A water-jet apparatus is also known, which is installed in the hatch of the furnace screen using a special box design, equipped with separate nozzles, guided by two horizontal and one vertical spindles and adjusted using a fork mount with an angular scale and a pin with notches (DE 19637700).

Both traditional water-jet apparatuses contain two horizontal and one vertical spindles moved by asynchronous motors, and on the vertical spindle through a fork mount a cardan joint is installed to guide the nozzle tube.

The control of both devices is possible through induction motors only with the help of increment step sensors according to the reference points of the blowing path as a result of counting pulses. Depending on the operational time of the program control (PU), as well as on the play in the spindle nuts, the process suffers from many inaccuracies. The design of the apparatus is costly and relatively expensive. The mounting or guide support of the nozzle tube on the fork structure is unstable. In addition, this apparatus is hardly compatible with various designs of boilers, in particular, under cramped room conditions. The airflow angle is limited to a maximum of 60 °. Transportation of the device is possible only in the assembly.

The design of the nozzle head and the nozzle itself is described in DD 205976. The fastening of the movable nozzle tube for cleaning coolants in the furnace screen is shown in DD 235103.

All the water-jet devices presented are characterized by the fact that the nozzle head is far from being satisfactorily cleaned from contaminants entering the steam boiler through the hatch at the location of the nozzle head or nozzle.

Known (DE 4239410 A1) is a water-jet apparatus for cleaning coolants, in which the apparatus body and cardan suspension are formed by one structure, while having a T-shaped prismatic key connected to the apparatus body in a special way through the flange and shaft.

The design of this water-jet apparatus is complicated. The consequence of this is a malfunction due to contamination and an undesirable outflow of residual water after the device is turned off.

Also known is a design for cooling a water-jet apparatus, in which the nozzle head of the apparatus is made of two nozzles located V-shaped, at an angle relative to each other (DD 268759 A1).

An expanding tubular casing is installed around both corner nozzles, through which cold air is blown. The expanding cold air stream produces insufficient cooling of the nozzles. In particular, cold air does not enter the center of the nozzles. Thus, it is not possible to efficiently remove scale.

Another steam nozzle is known in which a steam-loaded nozzle is cooled by air through radial slots (DE-PS 202062). With radial slots, effective film protection around the nozzle is not possible. In addition, the nozzle is made rigid and stationary.

The objective of the invention is to develop such a water-tube supercharger that can be transported without problems in separate parts, is easy to assemble and repair, makes it possible to carry out precise control and high accuracy of reproducing the pattern of airflow, without requiring high production costs, and allows in production conditions if possible, to prevent contamination of the nozzle head or, without laborious measures, to carry out continuous cleaning in order to prevent a decrease at any time due to slagging webbings power emanating from jet nozzles and improve the cooling efficiency of the nozzle.

This is achieved according to the invention due to the fact that a well-known horizontal linear displacement block, which is controlled autonomously through servomotors with a coordinate transformer, horizontally displaced and shifted in height, is moved using a cross slide on a vertically located linear displacement block, which is mounted by means of an auxiliary frame and two mounting brackets on the boiler wall, and the universal joint mounted on the linear displacement block is made in the form of a closed double frame of the construction and the outer frame in its upper part is connected via two flanges to the protrusions on the linear displacement unit via two flanges, the connecting flange having a recess for the bolt, so that the upper and lower pivot points are formed, and the bolt is fastened through the other intermediate part in the inner frame , in the center of which a guide is fastened with a transverse bolt in the form of a nozzle tube sleeve, on both sides of which are connecting parts for a corrugated membrane, while between the nozzle head the first and the cardan joint hinge is a connecting part that has a conical extension at the nozzle in the nozzle head, in the inner part of the front cardan joint is a crown-shaped thickening under it and in the front part of the nozzle head there is a distribution ring with round recesses mounted on it, which is connected to the nozzle head, preferably by means of a thread.

The linear displacement units are dimensioned in accordance with the type of boiler and, depending on the placement conditions, can also be installed at an angle.

The corrugated membranes fixed to the connecting parts are connected to the nozzle tube.

The profile element for fixing the linear displacement block on the boiler wall is preferably made in the form of a channel with a flange.

Another distinguishing feature of the invention is that due to the recesses located in a circle around the nozzle in the connecting part and its fit into the front universal joint, the pressure differential between the boiler compartment and the furnace is targeted. At the same time, the expansion of the connecting part provided with recesses makes it possible to use this pressure differential with particular advantage in such a way that, on the one hand, the air flow, without substantially changing its direction, washes the nozzle in the form of a shroud and, on the other hand, due to the cone-shaped increased inlet and recesses distributor increases its flow rate.

The consequence of this is that sedimentation of contaminants is practically eliminated or, in any case, existing deposits are eliminated efficiently without the use of additional funds. In this sense, when applying a more uniform air flow, unnecessary turbulence does not occur, which could reduce the effect. In addition, the nozzle is much less loaded with high combustion temperatures of the boiler, since there is strong cooling due to the incoming shroud air flow. There are round recesses on the distribution ring.

Thanks to the integrated flow straightener at the inlet of the nozzle tube, the water jet is also substantially freed from turbulence, so that due to the interaction according to the invention of a directed water jet and a targeted air flow, maximum amplification and concentration of the effect of blowing and cleaning are achieved.

The following is a more detailed explanation of the invention based on an example of execution and drawings, which show:

FIG. 1 - water-jet supercharger together with fastening in cross section;

FIG. 2 - a supercharger together with fastening in a longitudinal section;

FIG. 3 - heater with servomotors in a top view;

FIG. 4 - rear universal joint with a dual frame structure in cross section;

FIG. 5 - nozzle tube guide with connecting piece for corrugated membrane;

FIG. 6 - a nozzle tube head with a front universal joint and a connecting part in longitudinal section;

FIG. 7 - connecting piece in longitudinal section;

FIG. 8 - connecting piece in cross section;

FIG. 9 - rectifier in longitudinal section;

FIG. 10 - rectifier in cross section.

The design of the water-tube supercharger is connected through the auxiliary frame 1 using the channel 2 and the mounting flange 3 to the boiler wall 4 and through the mounting brackets 5, 6 to the wiring channel 7 (Figs. 1 and 2). The mobility of the nozzle tube 8 is ensured, on the one hand, by means of vertical and horizontal linear displacement blocks 9, 10, connected by a cross slide 11, and, on the other hand, by the front and rear cardan joints 12, 13. If the front cardan joint 12 is made in a circular shape with a small gap width, the rear cardan joint 13 is made in the form of a closed dual frame structure 14 with an outer frame 15 and an inner frame 16.

The outer frame 15 using the intermediate part 17, as well as the protrusions 18 and the flange 19, 20 is connected to the vertical block 9 linear displacement.

The inner frame 16 is attached to the outer frame 15 through the recess 21 and the intermediate element 22 using a vertical bolt 23.

The nozzle tube guide 24 (FIG. 4) is held with a horizontal bolt 25 in the center of the inner frame 16. The nozzle tube guide 24 has connecting elements 26, 27 on both sides for corresponding corrugated membranes 28, 29 connected to its other ends with the nozzle tube 8 therefore, the strong sliding guide of the nozzle tube 8 remains clean even with a large exit of dust and dirt (Fig. 5).

Each linear displacement unit 9, 10 is driven by servomotors 30, 31.

Servo motors 30, 31 are connected via a coordinate converter 32, 33 to the corresponding control unit 34, 35.

Attached to the guide 24 in the form of a nozzle tube sleeve, the nozzle head 36 has a nozzle 37 in the head part (Fig. 6).

The connecting part 40, by means of its thickening in the form of a crown 39, is fastened / adjusted to the front universal joint 12 and differs by a cylindrical part 46 adjoining to it by a conical extension 38 and an expanded cylindrical part 49 (Fig. 7). In the area of the expanded cylindrical part 49, the connecting part 40 has a distribution ring 42 with round recesses 41, which is included in the recess 43 of the nozzle head 36 and is fixed in it.

The rectifier 44 located at the inlet of the nozzle tube sleeve includes an integrated deflector 45 for equalizing the flow of the water stream (Figs. 9 and 10).

The principle of operation of the invention is as follows.

The water-tube supercharger serves to remove contaminants on the heating surfaces in the combustion devices. The supplied water sharply cools the scale on the hot bundles of pipes, and therefore the slag breaks off.

To clean the heating surfaces, water is supplied under high pressure through a nozzle tube, at the end of which a nozzle is installed (not shown). The nozzle tube at the rear is integrated into the axis system, which allows any XY coordinates to be used within mechanical boundaries. The fastening of the nozzle tube in the front part allows the water stream, due to the technical solution according to the invention, to cover a cone / pyramid with respect to the axial middle of the tube up to ± 100 °.

Changing the position of the axes is carried out by servos, which, unlike other systems, are characterized by positioning accuracy. After the reference points are established through an autonomous limit switch - and the power supply is turned on - all commands for changing acceleration, braking, speed and positioning are monitored and controlled by the coordinate transformation system built into the engine. Deviations from the set position (also after positioning) are tracked automatically. In this case, we can talk about positional regulation. This system eliminates inaccuracies in movement changes caused, for example, by mechanical aging.

To optimize cleaning of the heating surfaces, each change can be programmed, the so-called blowing paths. They are placed in the axis control unit. After starting the program, the coordinate converter carries out the trajectory of blowing independently. Directly from the program, both the dependence of the X and Y axes between themselves, and the valve for turning the water jet on and off, are controlled. During the blowing program, commands from higher order control systems are not required. When the program ends, a ready signal appears.

In order to ensure constant cleaning of the nozzle head 36 and to prevent contamination at no additional cost, according to the invention, air 50 is supplied through the recesses 41 in the distribution ring 42 due to the pressure differential between the boiler compartment and the furnace, with a large increase in the flow rate around the nozzle 37 in the form of a shroud. Thus, without the involvement of auxiliary means and additional costs, on the one hand, the formation of scale and sticking of dust particles from the furnace are largely excluded and, on the other hand, the formation of all the accumulated deposits is eliminated.

This is done without unnecessarily changing the direction of air flow 50 and without swirling it.

By installing a rectifier 44 with a built-in deflector 45 at the inlet of the nozzle tube sleeve 24 24, water is formed so that it is sprayed in the nozzle 37 as a laminar flow and, therefore, effective cleaning can be obtained even in large steam generators with significant cross sections.

Thanks to the invention, the following advantages are achieved.

1. The design of the water tube blower is greatly simplified due to unnecessary:

- horizontal spindle;

- both box-shaped profiles;

- case design.

2. Due to the use of linear displacement blocks instead of conventional spindles, the supercharger

- easier to install in any placement conditions;

- installed with the possibility of rotation (at an angle);

- dismantled for transportation;

- easier to assemble and disassemble;

- does not cause difficulties during repair.

3. Thanks to the development of a new design of the rear cardan joint in the form of a closed dual frame structure and suspension changes, an exact symmetrical guide system is created, which is very stable and mobile.

4. In connection with the foregoing, the rise is significantly increased and thus the angle of movement increases to a maximum of 100 °.

5. Through the use of servomotors with a coordinate conversion system and the use of new control units, autonomous for each linear displacement block, it is created

- error-free control system with very high accuracy of reproduction of the blowing path,

- establishes the relationship of control devices of various linear displacement units

- tracking of a water tube supercharger disappears as unnecessary,

- creates the possibility of centralized digital control from setting the power to the set value of the generator,

- it creates the possibility of implementing in one device integrated motion control and speed control,

- minimum cabling.

6. Possible elimination of the unnecessary determination of reference points, step-by-step sensors, pulse counting and asynchronous motors used to date.

7. Possible without attracting additional funds simple and effective cleaning of the nozzle from contamination, as well as simultaneous cooling of the nozzle head.

List of designations used

1. Auxiliary frame

2. Channel

3. Mounting flange

4. The wall of the boiler

5. Mounting console

6. Mounting console

7. The channel in the walled

8. Nozzle tube

9. Vertical linear displacement unit

10. Horizontal linear displacement unit

11. Cross support

12. Front universal joint

13. Rear universal joint

14. Dual frame design

15. Outside frame

16. Inner frame

17. Intermediate part

18. Projections

19. Flange

20. Flange

21. Mining

22. Intermediate part

23. Vertical bolt

24. Nozzle tube sleeve

25. Cross bolt

26. Connecting element

27. Connecting element

28. Corrugated membrane

29. Corrugated membrane

30. Servo motor

31. Servo motor

32. Coordinate Converter

33. Coordinate Converter

34. Control unit

35. Control unit

36. Nozzle head

37. Nozzle

38. Cone expansion

39. Crown thickening

40. Connection piece

41. Notch

42. Distribution ring

43. Deepening

44. Rectifier

45. Built-in deflector

46. The cylindrical part

49. The expanded cylindrical part

50. Air

Claims (7)

1. A water-tube supercharger for cleaning coolants, in particular, the heating surface of the furnace in steam boilers, which is fixed by the nozzle tube neck (8) with the front cardan joint (12) in the hatch or in the channel (7) of the furnace screen lining and the back of the nozzle tube ( 8) is installed in the guide, mounted with the possibility of vertical movement in height and horizontal movement on a known linear movement unit using the rear universal joint (13), the inner part of which is laminating (24) in the form of a sleeve, in which the nozzle tube (8) is axially displaced, and the nozzle tube (8) contains a nozzle (37) and a nozzle head (36), characterized in that it is controlled independently through servomotors (30, 31) with a coordinate converter (32, 33), a horizontally displaced and height-shifted known horizontal linear displacement block (10) with the help of a cross support (11) is able to move on a vertically located linear displacement block (9), fixed by means of an auxiliary frame (1) and two mounting consoles (5, 6) on the boiler wall, and the rear universal joint (13) mounted on the vertical linear block (9) is made in the form of a closed double frame structure (14), the outer frame (15) of which its upper part through an intermediate part (17) is connected via two flanges (19, 20) with protrusions (18) on the vertical linear block (9), and the connecting flange (20) has a recess (21) under the bolt (23), so that the upper and lower points of rotation are formed, and the bolt (23) through another intermediate part (2 2) is fixed in the inner frame (16) of the double frame structure (14), in the center of which a guide bolt (24) is fixed with a transverse bolt (25), on both sides of which are provided connecting parts (26, 27) under the corresponding corrugated membrane (28, 29 ), and between the nozzle head (36) and the front cardan joint (12) there is a connecting part (40) having a conical extension (38) at the nozzle (37) into the nozzle head (36) in the inner part of the front cardan joint ( 12) a crown-shaped thickening fitted to it (39) and in days the nozzle portion (36) - impaled on its distribution ring (42) with recesses (41) which is connected to the nozzle head (36) preferably by means of threads. 2. A water-tube supercharger according to claim 1, characterized in that the linear displacement units (9, 10) are dimensioned in accordance with the type of boiler. 3. A water-tube supercharger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the linear displacement units (9, 10) with deviation from their vertical or horizontal position are installed at an angle according to the conditions of the room. 4. A water-tube supercharger according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the corrugated membranes (28, 29) mounted on the connecting parts (26, 27) are connected to the nozzle tube (8). 5. A water-tube supercharger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the profile element (2) for securing the linear displacement blocks (9,10) on the boiler wall is made in the form of a channel with a flange. 6. A water-tube supercharger according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the distribution ring (42) has round recesses (41). 7. A water-tube supercharger according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a rectifier (44) with an integrated deflector (45) is installed at the input of the nozzle guide tube.

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