RU2226838C1 - Method for preservation of newly harvested grain - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular, preservation of newly harvested grain with the use of organic substances. SUBSTANCE: method involves treating grain formed as falling rain flow with flow of propionic acid sprayed by means of carbon dioxide, said propionic acid comprising additive of preparation produced from Mortierella alpina micromycet biomass by predetermined process. While contacting with grain flow, propionic acid kills grain surface microflora. Said biomass preparation comprises combination of substances causing induction of stable plant defense reactions. Carbon dioxide inhibits development of acid-resisting aerobic microflora forms. EFFECT: reliable storage of grain. 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to the technology of conservation of freshly harvested grain using organic substances.

A known method of preserving freshly harvested grain, which involves creating a grain stream in the form of falling rain, spraying propionic acid with carbon dioxide to create an aerosol stream and contacting the grain and aerosol in countercurrent flow (RU 2099923 C1, 12/27/1997).

The disadvantage of this method is the low reliability of grain storage, especially during secondary contamination.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the reliability of grain storage.

This result is achieved by the fact that in the method of preserving freshly harvested grain, which provides for the creation of a grain stream in the form of falling rain, spraying propionic acid with carbon dioxide to create an aerosol stream and contacting the grain and aerosol in countercurrent, according to the invention, the preparation obtained is introduced into the propionic acid before spraying by sequential extraction of the biomass of micromycete Mortierella alpina with a non-polar extractant in a supercritical state, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and Doy followed by combining the first extract with a solid residue.

The method is implemented as follows.

The dry biomass of micromycete Mortierella alpina is extracted with a non-polar extractant, for example carbon dioxide or hexane, in a supercritical state. At this stage, the first extract is isolated, which is used later in the preparation. Next, the biomass is sequentially extracted with water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water. The solid residue obtained after completion of all the extraction steps listed above is combined with the first extract. Thus obtained drug is introduced into propionic acid. The solution is sprayed with carbon dioxide, creating an aerosol stream. The introduction into the propionic acid of a preparation from the biomass of micromycete Mortierella alpina in an amount of more than 0.2% by weight is not recommended due to a sharp increase in viscosity, which prevents spraying. The grain is cleaned of plant and mineral impurities, and then create a stream in the form of falling rain, which is sent to contact with the aerosol stream. In the process of contacting propionic acid destroys the surface microflora of the grain. Carbon dioxide displaces air from the space between the grains and inhibits the development of acid-resistant aerobic forms of microflora. The composition of the biomass micromycete Mortierella alpina consists mainly of chitosan and higher polyunsaturated fatty acids, including arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic. The listed substances in combination cause the induction of stable protective reactions of plants. The composition of the drug does not include substances that can inhibit this type of activity, and phytotoxic substances. This allows to increase the reliability of grain storage due to the induced resistance to phytopathogenic microflora, especially during secondary contamination.

Example 1

Before laying for storage, Skifyanka wheat grain is treated with a stream of sprayed carbon dioxide of propionic acid with the addition of 0.01% by weight of the preparation obtained from the biomass of micromycete Mortierella alpina using carbon dioxide as non-polar extractant, as alkali with sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid or without such an additive. After storage for 1 month, the grain is contaminated with Aspergillus niger spores. By the end of 6 months of storage, the grain of the reference batch is completely covered with mold mycelium; mold development was not detected in the experimental batch of grain.

Example 2

Spalchik rice grain before laying for storage is processed according to example 1, but using 0.2% of the preparation supplement obtained from the biomass of micromycete Mortierella alpina using hexane as a non-polar extractant, as an alkali, ammonium hydroxide and propionic acid. For contamination under the same conditions, the spores of the fungus Penicillium funiculosum are used. The result coincides with example 1.

Thus, the proposed method improves the reliability of grain storage.

Claims (1)

A method for preserving freshly harvested grain, which involves creating a grain stream in the form of falling rain, spraying propionic acid with carbon dioxide to create an aerosol stream and contacting the grain and aerosol in countercurrent, characterized in that the preparation obtained by sequential extraction of Mortierella micromycete biomass is injected into the propionic acid alpina supercritical non-polar extractant, water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water, followed by combining the first extract with a solid residue.