RU2226399C2 - Preparation for losing the habit for smoking - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: it is suggested to apply and smoke preparation out of coltsfoot's leaves and roots designed as different articles for smoking. EFFECT: increased number of preparations against tobacco smoking. 4 cl, 2 ex

Description

The invention relates to medicine and relates to a new herbal remedy for smoking cessation.

The fight against bad habits, in particular with smoking, is an urgent task of modern health care. In the United States, this issue is currently ranked as a national priority. A healthy lifestyle becomes an element of the culture of both the individual and society as a whole.

Known drugs to facilitate smoking cessation are Tabex, Lobesil, Gamibazin, manufactured by the pharmaceutical industry in the form of tablets (Gamibazin is also available in the form of chewing gum) [1]. However, the disadvantage of these funds is the use as active principle extracted from plants chemical potent (toxic) substances. In particular, Tabex includes the cytisine alkaloid, Lobesil the lobelin alkaloid, and Hamibazin the anabazine alkaloid. The use of such substances imposes significant restrictions on the possibility of using drugs based on them. So, the use of tablets with lobelin, cytisine and anabazine is contraindicated in case of exacerbation of peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, organic changes in the cardiovascular system, with severe atherosclerosis and hypertension, bleeding from large vessels, pulmonary edema. Treatment should be performed as directed and under the supervision of a physician. In case of an overdose, nausea, vomiting, dilated pupils, increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, weakness, irritability, dizziness are possible, which requires stopping the drug.

These factors significantly narrow the contingent of individuals to whom these treatments can be recommended. In addition, the above-mentioned features of the action of the drugs, a sudden cessation of smoking create an unpleasant emotional background for treatment, cause discomfort, stress, which reduces the mood for smoking cessation.

Medicines for smoking cessation on a natural plant basis have a more gentle effect. Such means include, in particular, “Antinik” according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2066196. The tool includes two compositions of collections of medicinal plants for administration at different times of the day. One collection (for morning intake) contains equal amounts of rhizome of calamus swamp, grass of knotweed, leaves of nettle, large plantain leaves, horsetail grass, Icelandic moss, licorice root, mallow forest root, cedarweed grass, codweed grass, and sapling grass, and inflorescences of a yellow fly - the rest. The second collection (for evening use) contains in equal amounts the blue rhizome of cyanosis blue, eucalyptus leaves, marsh rosemary grass, common goldenrod grass, lavender grass, Marshal thyme grass, angelica leaves of medicinal angelica, peppermint grass, common ram grass .

The method of using this tool involves crushing the plants to a powdery appearance, pouring the recommended dose of boiling water into the powder, heating, insisting, cooling and taking tea before meals in the morning and evening, 1 time per day of each collection for 3-4 months. The composition “Antinic” eliminates the craving for nicotine and significantly reduces the manifestation of nicotine withdrawal symptoms, eliminates cough, reduces the amount of sputum and other manifestations of chronic bronchitis of smokers.

The disadvantages of the known drugs are as follows.

The composition of the plants included in it is very extensive, which requires significant organizational measures and labor resources for the procurement and processing of collected heterogeneous (grass, roots, tree leaves) raw materials, which also has different regionalization.

Fees include little-known herbal ingredients, the descriptions of which are not even found in fundamental reference books on medicinal plants and traditional medicine: scaffold, cistus papaver, jujube, Bunge, thyme Marshall, which complicates the assessment of their area, resources, medicinal properties and practical feasibility of use.

The “Antique” contains plants that differ in varying degrees of toxicity: goldenrod, rosemary, and ram. In the reference manuals there are indications that the use of goldenrod requires caution and accurate dosage. Ledum contains essential oil, which can cause inflammation of the gastrointestinal mucosa; cases of poisoning people with rosemary are known. Baranets is used in scientific and traditional medicine to combat alcoholism and tobacco smoking, however, treatment should be carried out only in a hospital under close medical supervision; independent use is not allowed.

A disadvantage of the known agent is the powder form, which in some cases creates significant inconvenience in its use, storage, dosing. Due to the need for brewing and insisting fees, the drug is impossible or difficult to use in public places, when traveling by transport, etc. Strict dosing of recommended small amounts of powder for single use is not possible without special scales. The need for daily intake of different fees (morning and evening) for 3-4 months psychologically depresses the patient with monotony and possible confusion.

The noted drawbacks complicate the organization of mass production of the described drug to facilitate smoking cessation.

The complexity of the composition and application methods determine the disadvantages of another anti-nicotine-containing agent: the Koldunok collection according to RF patent No. 2125883, which includes an extensive list of medicinal plants containing 16 ingredients: marshmallow root, sage, chamomile, calendula, tansy, motherwort, nettle, succession, hawthorn, thyme, St. John's wort, elecampane, plantain, pine buds, licorice root, calamus root.

As in the previous technical solution, the drawbacks of the Koldunok collection are the difficulty in organizing the mass production of a multicomponent preparation, and the possibility of using it only at home.

More simple, safe, convenient to use and affordable for organizing mass production is the “Bullfighting” smoking cessation agent according to RF patent No. 2134585, which is a biologically active food supplement (BAA). The drug is a tablet form made using powders of pharmacopeia plants - rhizomes of calamus swamp and peppermint leaves, microcrystalline cellulose, as well as auxiliary (organoleptic and technological) ingredients.

The tablet form of the drug is very convenient for the consumer, and the recommended method of use allows (with the appropriate mood to stop smoking) to get rid of unhealthy habits within 1.5-2 months. The advantages of the drug are also the possibility of its use without medical prescription, as well as the presence of an additional factor in the form of the possibility of its use for the prevention and treatment of concomitant diseases (peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, gastroenteritis, cholecystitis, hepatitis, urolithiasis, cardiovascular disease, sexual disorders, colds, etc.), use as a tonic, restorative, anti-stress, anti-febrile and expectorant conductive means.

However, the tablet form of this drug and the recommended method of its use have certain drawbacks associated with the fact that smokers for a long time still have a need for performing a smoking ritual developed over the years of smoking: for pipe lovers, the process of stuffing the pipe with tobacco, holding it for a long time in the hand feeling of warmth emitted by smoldering tobacco pipe, etc .; lovers of cigarettes and cigarettes also have a motor memory about a pleasant procedure for preparing for smoking for a long time. It is these factors that create for many smokers an emotional background that prevents smoking cessation or helps to resume smoking even after a fairly significant period of time after taking the pills.

There are other herbal remedies recommended for smoking cessation.

In particular, for these purposes, it is recommended to use lyophilized and dried juice of the stems, leaves and inflorescences of seed oats in the stage of milk-wax ripeness (RF patent No. 1232260). A consumer form with its use in the form of anti-nicotine chewing gum is also proposed (RF patent No. 1780747).

The disadvantage of the proposed technical solutions is the significant technological complexity of obtaining the substance in the form of dried oat juice and the recommended consumer form in the form of chewing gum based on it.

In folk medicine, for weaning from smoking, oats are recommended to be used in the form of a decoction. They also recommend drinking tincture in vodka or 50-60% alcohol in fresh plantain bushes with inflorescences and roots. To wean from smoking, before smoking, rinse your mouth with tincture of eucalyptus [2].

The disadvantages of these folk methods of smoking cessation are the complexity of preparing dosage forms, the difficulty of using them outside the home, the lack of effect on the motor dependence of smokers on the ritual factors of the smoking procedure.

The objective of the invention is the expansion of a number of herbal remedies that provide the effect of weaning from smoking and the creation of consumer forms suitable for industrial development, convenient for use in the home, creating an emotional background for the consumer, contributing to the gradual adjustment and adaptation of the body to a new state of “non-smoking” without creating unpleasant and painful sensations both at the physiological and sensory levels.

The result achieved by using the invention is the selection of a plant that, when used instead of tobacco during the smoking procedure (i.e., by burning dried leaves of a plant using appropriate means of implementing the smoking process and inhaling the resulting smoke), provides the effect of weaning from smoking without causing physiological harm and without causing significant emotional restructuring associated with a complex of motor reactions characteristic of the smoking procedure; in imparting to the proposed smoking cessation treatment consumer forms traditional for the smoking procedure; while providing a concomitant therapeutic effect on the respiratory system of smokers.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that as a means to wean from smoking, a coltsfoot plant is used. The smoking cessation agent can be in the form of powdered dry leaves and / or coltsfoot roots for stuffing a smoking pipe. The tool may be in the form of a cigarette containing crushed dry leaves and / or roots of coltsfoot. The tool can be made in the form of cigarettes containing crushed dry leaves and / or roots of coltsfoot. The tool can be made in the form of a cigar from twisted dried leaves of coltsfoot.

A prerequisite for the practical implementation of the proposed technical solution is the use of the healing properties of the coltsfoot plant.

Coltsfoot is widespread throughout almost the entire country. Its healing properties have been discovered by man for a long time, it is one of the most ancient medicinal plants, now used in both scientific and folk medicine.

Valuable pharmacological properties of coltsfoot leaves are determined by the presence of a large amount of mucus that has an enveloping effect, bitter glycosides, saponins, inulin, flavonoids, sitosterol, dextrins, tannins, traces of essential oil, ascorbic acid [3].

Most often, coltsfoot leaves are used to treat respiratory problems. A large amount of mucus in the leaves of the plant has an enveloping effect on the mucous membranes of the throat and larynx, protecting them from irritation. In addition, mucus, saponins and organic acids soften and thin the dry compartments in the upper respiratory tract, contribute to faster evacuation of inflammatory products and significantly improve expectoration of sputum.

At the same time, tannins of the plant, as well as carotenoids and sterols, have a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect: they reduce hyperemia of the mucous membranes and actively influence inflammation due to the bacteriostatic properties of these plants. Flavonoids and essential oils contained in coltsfoot leaves have an antispasmodic effect. The complex effect of the pharmacological properties of these components of the plant determines the beneficial effect of drugs from it on the inflammatory processes of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract and oropharynx [3].

A method of using coltsfoot for the treatment of respiratory organs by inhaling smoke from a burned plant has long been known.

In particular, even Avicenna believed that “coltsfoot is the best cure for“ coughing and “standing breathing”, and this can be confirmed by such an experience: if you take its dry leaves and root and smoke them and inhale the smoke, then the good it will become apparent ”[3].

200 years ago in G. Sobolevsky’s “Travnik” it was noted: “Some praise it (butterbur — another Russian name for coltsfoot), boiled, while others smoked dried and cut tobacco instead of tobacco in pipes, swallowing smoke from breast and phlegm seizures” [3].

In modern literary sources, similar recommendations for the use of coltsfoot are also found.

Often the leaves of coltsfoot smoke when coughing, and in some places with flu-like illnesses and especially with a runny nose. In this case, the smoke from the tip of the cigarette is inhaled through the nose alternately through one or the other nostril [4].

Shredded dry leaves are smoked in cigarettes during shortness of breath and spastic cough [5].

Shredded dry leaves smoke with shortness of breath and shortness of breath [6].

In folk medicine, the crushed dry leaves of coltsfoot are smoked with shortness of breath, shortness of breath and to reduce toothache [7, 8].

With a strong asphyxiating cough and shortness of breath in folk medicine, it is proposed to smoke dry leaves of coltsfoot [9].

0.3 teaspoons of crushed leaves of coltsfoot roll in the form of cigarettes (cigars). Smoke with spasmodic cough [10].

However, none of these sources indicate that smoking leaves of coltsfoot at the same time as the therapeutic effect on the respiratory system can contribute to smoking cessation. Meanwhile, such an effect was discovered by the authors of the invention.

EXAMPLE 1. Patient V.V., 38 years old. Smoked since 18 years. Last time I smoked up to 3 packs of cigarettes a day. A chronic cough developed, which also haunted at night. Several times made unsuccessful attempts to quit smoking. Upon learning that the cough can be cured by smoking a coltsfoot, and at the same time quit smoking, I decided to try the method on myself. With a strong desire to smoke, I smoked a pipe full of dry, shredded coltsfoot several times a day. There was no complete sensation of a smoked tobacco cigarette, but the desire to light the next cigarette disappeared almost completely. After a few days of using coltsfoot, he began to smoke a pipe with it once a day in the morning. I completely refused cigarettes. Health began to improve, coughing stopped. After that, he stopped smoking and coltsfoot. After drinking, as you know, the craving for smoking intensifies, but the mother and stepmother saved the patient at such moments. He has not smoked for 4 months now. He considers it more convenient to use cigarettes stuffed with coltsfoot.

EXAMPLE 2. Patient V.E., 33 years old. Smoked since 16 years. I have long wanted to quit smoking, but I could not decide on it. Upon learning that coltsfoot can be smoked to treat cough, and at the same time quit smoking, I decided to try the method on myself. He began to smoke a pipe, and then cigarettes, stuffed with shredded coltsfoot. Craving for tobacco quickly disappeared. He has not smoked for 4 months now. Considers it easier to smoke cigarettes or coltsfoot cigarettes compared to a pipe.

What is the prospect of using the proposed technical solution?

Compared with known methods of smoking cessation using medicinal plants, the use of coltsfoot has the following efficiency factors.

When smoking cigarettes, cigarettes, cigars filled with crushed dry leaves and / or coltsfoot roots, a double effect is simultaneously achieved. On the one hand, there is a known effect consisting in the healing effect of smoke from a burned plant on the respiratory system. On the other hand, the effect of smoking cessation is gradually developing. At the same time, a person who is disposed to get rid of a bad habit does not feel discomfort caused by emotional restructuring associated with depriving him of a pleasant procedure for preparing and carrying out smoking, which has become a habit and is fixed by motor memory at the level of conditioned reflexes. This contributes to a more successful fight against the desire to smoke and relapses in the return to smoking.

The plant has almost unlimited raw materials throughout the country.

Harvesting of raw materials, drying and storage do not differ from those traditionally used in herbal medicine.

For grinding leaves and roots, the simplest devices used in agriculture for fodder harvesting, in the tobacco industry, and in the pharmaceutical industry for the processing of medicinal plants can be used.

For the manufacture of cigarettes, cigarettes and cigars from coltsfoot can be used as simple mechanical devices used by smokers, as well as more complex mechanisms and automatic lines used in tobacco factories for large-scale production. Moreover, the manufacture of the proposed smoking products is of interest to tobacco factories, since products from coltsfoot can be included in the range of products that generate additional income. At the same time, consumer rights are not infringed upon and freedom of choice is exercised: to smoke natural tobacco products produced by this factory and to harm one’s health or to smoke products from the same factory that help cure respiratory organs and at the same time break the habit.

The proposed technical solution in its practical implementation allows you to expand the existing range of smoking cessation methods and can contribute to the national smoking control program.

LIST OF REFERENCES

1. Mashkovsky M.D. Medicines - Kharkov: Torsin, 1997, v. 1, 2.

2. Rukin M.D. et al. Modern Russian herbalist. - M .: Niva of Russia, 1999.

3. Grave N.P. Herbalist. - M .: VSV-Sphinx, 1997.

4. Telyatiev VV Useful plants of Central Siberia. - Irkutsk: East Siberian books. Publishing House, 1987.

5. Krylov G.V. et al. Green pharmacy. - Kemerov. books. Publishing House, 1993.

6. Sklyarevsky L.Ya., Gubanov I.A. Medicinal plants in the home. - M .: Rosselkhozizdat, 1986.

7. Pastushenkov L.V. and other medicinal plants. Use in traditional medicine and everyday life. - St. Petersburg: DEAN, 1998.

8. Universal encyclopedia of medicinal plants. Composition. I. Pustyrsky, V. Prokhorov. - Mn., Books. House; M .: Machaon, 2000.

9. Bleher L.B., Kolosova T.I. Therapeutic use of medicinal plants and the preparation of drugs at home. - SPb., Shopping Center "North-West" SPbO SFK, 1992.

10. Zavrazhnov V.I. and other medicinal plants, therapeutic and prophylactic use. - Voronezh, publishing house Voronezh. University, 1993.

Claims (5)

1. The use of plants, coltsfoot as a means for weaning from smoking. 2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made in the form of powdered dry leaves and / or roots of coltsfoot for stuffing a smoking pipe. 3. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made in the form of a cigarette containing crushed dry leaves and / or roots of coltsfoot. 4. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made in the form of cigarettes containing crushed dry leaves and / or roots of coltsfoot. 5. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made in the form of a cigar from twisted leaves of coltsfoot.