RU222623U1 - FALSE AIR TARGET - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the verification and testing of short-range and medium-range air defense systems. A decoy air target includes an air carrier and an air target simulator installed on it. The air target simulator includes a broadband acoustic emitter and a broadband radio frequency emitter. The air carrier can be made in the form of an unmanned aerial vehicle or a balloon, or an airship. The broadband radio frequency emitter operates in the range from 433 MHz to 6100 MHz. The technical result of the device is to expand the range of data obtained during testing, provided by simulating one decoy air target, acoustic and radio frequency signatures characteristic of various UAVs. 4 salary f-ly, 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the verification and testing of short- and medium-range short-range air defense systems and can be used in the creation and testing of systems for detecting and suppressing air targets, in particular unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).

It is known that any UAV has a number of features that unmask it, which include infrared, acoustic and radio frequency signatures (URL: https://uav-bpla.com/obnaruzhenie_bpla/; published date: 01/12/2023).

It is known that the State Commission for Radio Frequencies has allocated frequencies in the range of 5.85-6.425 GHz for unmanned aerial devices (URL: https://russiandrone.ru/news/v_rossii_vydelili_spetschastoty_d1ya_bespilotnik publ. date: 12/16/2021).

Actual radio frequency ranges may differ from those authorized, especially when it comes to the use of UAVs for illegal purposes, such as terrorist attacks. According to (URL: https://www.podavitel.ru/na-kakikh-chastotakh-rabotayut-kvadrokoptery-i-drony.html; date published: November 16, 2017), UAVs can use the following frequencies for various purposes. Wi-Fi - from 2400 to 2500 MHz; GPS L1/GLONASS L1 - from 1570 to 1616 MHz; GPS L2 - from 1170 to 1280 MHz; 3G 2110 to 2170 MHz; 5.2G - from 4900 to 5500 MHz; 5.8G - from 4900 to 6100 MHz; RC433 - 433 MHz.

A common problem and an integral stage in the creation of new equipment has been and remains its testing to verify and confirm compliance with the customer’s technical requirements.

It is known that it is possible to digitize all complex signatures of the main models of devices and create a single database. With its help, when implementing a set of anti-drone measures, you can quickly identify targets (URL https://uav-bpla.com/obharuzhenie_bpla/; publ. date: 01/12/2023). The use of a single database of complex signatures not only does not exclude, but is even advisable when conducting full-scale tests of air target detection systems.

There is a known method for simulating an unmanned aerial vehicle for testing the guidance system during flight tests, in which the simulator of an unmanned aerial vehicle is placed on an aircraft carrier, the on-board connector of the simulator of the unmanned aerial vehicle is connected to the equipment of the carrier, power is supplied to the on-board connector of the simulator of the unmanned aerial vehicle, at the moment of start The experiment simulates a launch, simulates the operation and current consumption of an unmanned aerial vehicle, and records the information exchange on an internal storage device (patent RU 2636430, published November 23, 2017, Bulletin No. 33). According to a well-known solution, the flight of the aircraft carrier is carried out along a trajectory close to that specified for an unmanned aerial vehicle with normal operation of the homing system and inertial control system.

The disadvantages of the known solution include the need to use a flight carrier, which creates additional interference for detecting UAVs using infrared, acoustic and radio frequency signatures.

There is a known method used for checking and testing air defense systems, carried out using a system containing an air target in the form of a UAV having a variable characteristic parameter and control device, a detection radar station and a target acquisition and tracking station, a device for recording target detection and tracking parameters ( Patent RU 109870, published October 27, 201, Bulletin No. 30). According to the known solution, the characteristic parameter of the UAV that can be changed is the effective dispersion area.

The disadvantages of the known solution include the impossibility of changing the characteristic parameter of the UAV in the air: according to the known solution, a change in the effective dispersion area is achieved only before the next flight (test) by alternately installing replaceable certified corner reflectors of the required value.

The closest in terms of the set of essential features - the prototype of the claimed utility model - is a method for simulating echo signals of a moving target in the detection zone of a tested radar station (radar), including the use of an air target simulator installed on an air carrier (patent RU 2776663, published 07/22/2022, Bulletin No. 21). According to a well-known solution, the air carrier is a UAV, an air target simulator receives sounding signals from the radar under test, processes them according to a given algorithm and emits with a polarization corresponding to the polarization of the echo signal of the simulated target, equipped with a flight navigation system that ensures its flight in the far zone of the antenna of the radar under test with movements during the flight in the azimuth-angle plane, similar to the movements of the simulated target, and in range and speed - with the range and flight speed of the simulated target reduced by K times, where the value of K is selected based on the capabilities of the UAV in height and speed of its flight.

The disadvantages of the known solution include the processing of testing signals by equipment installed on board the UAV, which, in the applicant’s opinion, has unjustified complexity in cases where the purpose of testing air target detection systems is to check the target detection event itself.

The technical problem to be solved by the proposed utility model is the creation of a decoy air target, which would represent a simulator of the unmasking features of a UAV and an air carrier combined within one design, and would allow simulating UAVs that differ in their unmasking features.

The technical result of the implementation of the proposed utility model is the expansion of the range of data obtained during testing, provided by simulating acoustic and radio frequency signatures characteristic of various UAVs with one decoy air target

The solution to the stated technical problem is achieved by installing and securing on a common air carrier (hereinafter - VN) a broadband acoustic emitter (hereinafter - SHAI) and a broadband radio frequency emitter (hereinafter - WIR), controlled by a common control device, and the parameters of the emitted signals are set by the UAV control device before or during UAV flight

The proposed decoy air target is shown schematically in Fig. 1, where the positions indicate:

1 - air carrier,

2 - broadband radio frequency emitter,

3 - broadband acoustic emitter.

Airborne carrier I is made on the basis of a heavier-than-air aircraft. Such a device can be used, for example, but not exclusively, a UAV, a balloon, an airship, etc. An example with the implementation of an air carrier based on an airship is shown in Fig.1.

The proposed decoy works as follows.

1. VN 1 is lifted into the sky with SHIR 2 and SHAI 3 installed and secured on it.

2. Bring the VN to the starting point. The starting point has specified parameters, for example, distance and height.

3. Point the false target onto the required flight course.

4. SHAI 3 and/or SHIR 2 begin sending signals with the specified parameters.

5. Detection/non-detection of the pseudo UAV by the test air target is recorded.

6. Give a command to the control device (not shown in Fig. 1) to stop emitting signals.

7. They bring the false target to a new starting point.

8. If necessary, repeat steps 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.

9. Land a decoy target.

The point conventionally called the initial point above is understood as the point from where, in accordance with the test program, the false target should begin its movement in the specified area of operation of the detection system.

Stages 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 may have as many repetitions as provided for by a specific test program, or not have them at all, if so provided by the program.

Changing the parameters of the signals emitted by the air target simulator serves to simulate various types and models of UAVs, as well as to simulate various processes that accompany the operation of the UAV over an object, for example, the transmission of video data.

After completion of the tests, a conclusion is drawn about the effectiveness of the tested system for detecting UAVs of various classes.

Claims (5)

1. A decoy air target, including an air carrier with an air target simulator installed on it, characterized in that the air target simulator includes a broadband acoustic emitter and a broadband radio frequency emitter. 2. A decoy air target according to claim 1, characterized in that the air carrier is an unmanned aerial vehicle. 3. False air target according to claim 1, characterized in that the air carrier is a balloon. 4. False air target according to claim 1, characterized in that the air carrier is an airship. 5. False air target according to the previous paragraphs, characterized in that the broadband radio frequency emitter operates in the range from 433 MHz to 6100 MHz.

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