RU2224420C2 - Hydroponic plant growing unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: hydroponic unit has vegetation trays-pans provided with planting covers and porolon plugs and arranged in tiers in two inclined planes. Accumulating vessel with flow regulating valves and measuring tanks is positioned above upper tier. Trays-pans and measuring tanks are provided with siphon drains. Drain tank equipped with pump is connected through pressure pipeline with accumulating vessel and arranged under siphon drains of lower tier of trays-pans. Access to plant root system is provided by mechanism for rotating of tray-pan around longitudinal pins arranged on edges. After starting of siphons and drainage of nutrient solution, root system aeration is started. Free access of operator to plant root system for collecting of minitubers or for other purposes is facilitated by turning and dropping of tray-pan to required side. EFFECT: simplified construction and reduced labor consumed by operator. 2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture, namely to growing plants in the nutrient medium of soil bases.

 Known installations with a flowing plant nutrition system, consisting of pallets located at different levels filled with a substrate. The nutrient solution and the upper pan come from the reservoir above it through the valve, which is closed when the set point is reached, and then the valve is opened in the pipe connecting the upper and lower pallets into which the nutrient solution flows by gravity, and from the lowermost pan to a receiving tank located below the surface of the earth, the solution is pumped to the upper tank (see M. Benti. Industrial hydroponics. Translation from English. Moscow, Kolos, 1965, pp. 173-175).

 Plants of this type are bulky; various natural materials, previously processed in various ways, are used to fill pallets. During the growing period of plants in these plants there is no access to the root system.

 Closest to the technical solution to the present invention is a hydroponic plant for the production of virus-free mini-tubers of potatoes, including vegetation trays with planting lids arranged in parallel rows at a height of 2 m from the floor, pivotally mounted, which allows lowering one end of the tray with a lid or separately the trays to the floor. Mineral nutrition of plants is carried out by periodically supplying the nutrient solution with a pump through pipes and a collector, from which it (solution) flows by gravity along the bottom of the trays into the drain collector, and from there into the drain tank (Potato and Vegetables magazine, 1993, 1, and Advertising brochure of a / d "Doka" BGC "Phyto / Tech").

 In this installation, the planting field is located above the operator’s height, inconvenient to maintain, excludes 2/3 of the volume of the room from the production area, the planting field narrows, not the entire volume of the root system is wetted by the nutrient solution, which negatively affects the growth and development of plants.

 The aim of the present invention is to remedy these disadvantages, increase the landing area, improve the water-air light regime and plant nutrition, as well as simplify the design and ease the working conditions of operators.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in the well-known hydroponic installation for the production of virus-free mini-tubers of potatoes, including vegetation trays, landing covers on a rigid frame with paralon plugs installed with a given step, containers for nutrient solution, light sources, vegetation trays-pallets are installed on stop axes in recesses of the brackets under the landing covers rigidly fixed on the same brackets and placed in tiers in two inclined planes, above the upper tier of the pallet trays mescheny storage capacitance connected through the flow valves with dimensional tanks having siphon plums, prunes and a siphon trays pallets lower tier is the drain tank with the pump.

 In order to flood the entire root system of plants with nutrient solution, automatically direct it along all tiers and provide free access to the root system, the tray trays have siphon drains and are equipped with rotation mechanisms around their longitudinal axes located on the right and (or) left edges.

 For stable supply of nutrient solution from the drain tank, the pump is equipped with a level sensor, and is connected to the storage tank by a pressure pipe.

 In FIG. 1 shows an installation in cross section; in FIG. 2 - view in plan; in FIG. 3 - vegetative tray-tray assembly.

 The hydroponic installation includes vegetation trays-pallets 1, landing covers 2 with foam plugs 3, mounted with a predetermined pitch on a rigid frame, placed in tiers on brackets 4, mounted on bearing 5, located in two inclined planes. The pallet trays 1 are equipped with siphon drains 6 and turning mechanisms 7 around the longitudinal axes 3 located on the edges of the pallet tray.

 The storage tank 9 with the supply valves 10 and the measuring tanks 11 with a siphon drain 12 is placed above the upper tier of the tray pallets. The drain tank 13 with the pump 14 is connected by a pressure pipe 15 with a storage tank 9.

 To rotate the tray-pallet 1 around the longitudinal axes 8, a rotation and locking mechanism is provided, consisting of a stopper axis 16 with a spring 17 and a cotter pin 18 in the eyes 19, welded to the edges of the tray-pallet 1, a rod 20 connecting the end of the stopper axis 16 with a handle 21 mounted on a fixed axis 22.

 Installation works as follows. Plants are fixed on the planting covers 2, fixed rigidly to the brackets in the foam plugs 3 with a predetermined pitch, under which there are trays-pallets 1 with rotation mechanisms 7. The nutrient solution is prepared in the drain tank 13 and is pumped through the pipe 15 to the storage tank 9 through the pipe 15, from which through the flow valve 10 (with a graduated flow rate scale) it enters the measuring tanks 11. After the specified amount of solution has arrived in the measuring tank, the siphon 12 is activated and the nutrient solution automatically enters the trays- oddony upper tier, so there is an automatic draining of nutrient solution on all trays, pallets, trays and pallets of the lower tier solution is discharged into the discharge tank 13.

 The frequency of supply of the nutrient solution is ensured in a wide range by controlling the flow rate of the solution from the storage tank 9.

 After triggering siphons and draining the nutrient solution, aeration of the plant root system occurs. The operator’s free access to the root system of plants for collecting mini-tubers or other purposes is ensured by turning and folding the tray-pallet in a convenient (necessary) direction.

 Necessary illumination is provided both by natural light and artificial by the installation of private devices in different angles relative to the landing planes (access to the irradiators is free from all sides).

 The proposed technical solution allows to simplify the design of this installation and to ease the working conditions of the operator, as well as to more efficiently use the volume of the industrial premises.

Claims (2)

1. Hydroponic plant growing plant, containing vegetation trays, pallets, installed in tiers with a given step on an obliquely mounted rigid carrier frame by means of brackets, a nutrient solution supply system, light sources, characterized in that the nutrient solution supply system is made in the form of a storage tank with consumable taps and measuring tanks with siphon drains located above the upper tier of the vegetation trays-pallets and in the form located below the vegetation trays-pallets it tiers, the pouring tank with a level sensor associated with the feed line storage capacity, wherein the vegetation-trays, the trays are provided with individual siphon plums and fixed over them landing caps with foam plugs. 2. Hydroponic installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the vegetation trays, pallets are equipped with rotation mechanisms around longitudinal axes located on their right or left edges, and are installed on the stop axles in the recess of the brackets.

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