RU2216406C1 - Device for cleaning air from dust and aerosols - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrostatic precipitators for cleaning air from dust and aerosols. SUBSTANCE: proposed device has housing with air passages with receiving and corona-forming electrodes arranged inside it and unit for aromatic agents and drugs. Device is additionally provided with positively charged aeroion damper which is electrically connected with corona-forming electrodes ensuring their grounding; device is also provided with regulator of number of negatively charged aeroions which is electrically connected with deflecting electrode. Mounted directly on plate of one of deflecting electrodes is radiator of negatively charged aeroions whose potential changes by means of said regulator. Plates of deflecting electrodes have negative charge. EFFECT: avoidance of toxic emissions; possibility of performing proportioned saturation of purified air by negatively charged aeroions. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the separation of dispersed particles from gas using an electrostatic effect, and more particularly to devices for cleaning air from dust and aerosols, i.e. to electrostatic precipitators, and can be used in all types of industry and domestic premises.

 A device is known that contains a housing with a channel for the passage of air, inside of which there are corona and precipitation electrodes having opposite polarity, and near the precipitation electrodes there is a filter element that can be made in the form of two metal grids, between which a filter cloth is fixed (a.c USSR N 921629, class B 03 C 3/08).

 This known device does not exclude the release of unhealthy positively charged air ions, and also does not allow, if necessary, to saturate the purified air with molecules of aromatic or medicinal substances.

 The closest in technical essence and the achieved goal in relation to the claimed device is the device described in patent RU N 2182850, class. B 03 C 3/04, publ. in 2002. This device contains a housing with a channel for the passage of air, inside which are installed corona and precipitation electrodes having opposite polarity, deflecting electrodes and means for aromatic or medicinal substances, made in the form of one or more strips of porous fibrous material saturated with aromatic or medicinal substances.

 The operation of this device is based on the formation of charged particles in the field of a corona charge arising between positively charged corona and negatively charged precipitation electrodes. Corona and deflection electrodes have the same polarity, but different electrical potential with respect to the precipitation electrodes. The presence of deflecting electrodes significantly increases the degree of air purification. The installed reflector prevents the exit of positively charged air ions outside the air purifier.

 The presence of a porous-fiber wick tape allows saturating the purified air with medicinal and aromatic substances more effectively.

 However, this known device does not exclude the possibility of the release of unhealthy positively charged aeroions and does not provide a metered saturation of the purified air with negatively charged aeroions.

 The basis of the invention is the task of developing a device for cleaning air from dust and aerosols, which ensures the complete elimination of the probability of emission of harmful positively charged aeroions and the possibility of dosed saturation of purified air with negatively charged aeroions.

 The technical result is achieved in that the device containing the housing with a channel for the passage of air, inside of which are installed corona and precipitation electrodes having opposite polarity, deflecting electrodes and means for aromatic and medicinal substances, according to the invention further comprises a damper of positively charged aero ions, electrically connected to corona electrodes and grounding the latter, and the regulator of the number of emitted negatively charged air ions, Electrical connection to the deflection electrodes on one plate of which is mounted directly emitter of negatively charged ions, the potential of which is changed by the controller of the title, the deflecting plate electrodes have negative charge.

 Thanks to the grounding of the corona electrodes, the emission of positively charged aero ions harmful to health is completely eliminated for any duration of operation of the device.

 The presence of a regulator of the number of emitted negatively charged air ions allows you to change the potential of the deflecting electrodes and thereby affect the air flow rate and cleaning efficiency.

 The proposed device allows you to completely eliminate the emissions of unhealthy positively charged air ions for any duration of work.

 In the future, the invention will be described in detail in the description with reference to the accompanying drawing, which shows a schematic diagram of the proposed device.

 The device comprises a housing 1 (see drawing) with an air channel 2 having an inlet and an outlet (not shown), while the air inlet to channel 2 in the drawing is conventionally shown by arrow A, and the output by arrow B. Inside the case, they have the opposite polarity corona electrodes 3, positively charged, and precipitation electrodes 4, negatively charged, as well as deflecting electrodes 5, negatively charged, while the voltage supplied to the electrodes 5 is less than the voltage supplied to the electrodes 3 and 4. Per units corona electrodes 3 parallel to each of them at some distance installed reflector of positively charged aero ions, made in the form of electrodes 6.

 The corona electrodes are earthed by means of a damper 7 of positively charged air ions, electrically connected to the electrodes 3.

 The corona electrodes 3 can be made in the form of thin rods; needles or a set of needles of various profiles, the reflector - electrodes 6 are made in the form of rods or grids, precipitation 4 and deflecting 5 electrodes are made in the form of plates, profiles or grids. All of these electrodes are installed in the housing 1 of a dielectric material.

An emitter 8 of negatively charged aero ions is directly mounted on the plate of one of the deflecting electrodes 5, the potential of which changes by means of a regulator 9 of the number of emitted negatively charged aeroions, electrically connected to the deflecting electrodes 5. As a regulator 9, a known variable resistor or rheostat can be used, changing its internal resistance from 0 to ∞.
As a damper 7 positively charged air ions can be used with a constant resistor, the internal resistance of which is chosen so as to ensure safe operating conditions of the device.

 Before the deflecting electrodes 5, a means for aromatic or medicinal substances is installed, made in the form of one or more strips 10 of porous fiber material (wicks), the ends of which are placed in vessels 11 with aromatic or medicinal substances located outside the housing 1.

 The proposed device operates as follows. When a high voltage is applied to the corona 3 and precipitation 4 electrodes, a corona discharge occurs, as a result of which a stream of positively charged nitrogen and oxygen ions is formed, directed mainly to the precipitation electrodes 4, the so-called "ion wind". Together with aeroions in a non-uniform electrostatic field, neutral molecules are charged, as well as dust particles and aerosol particles contained in the air, which move to the precipitation electrodes 4.

 Particles of dust and aerosol that have received a positive charge are deposited on the precipitation electrodes 4. Deflecting electrodes 5 have a braking effect for very small positively charged particles, which, having high speeds, do not have time to get on the precipitation electrodes. Thanks to the deflecting electrodes 5, the degree of purification reaches 95-99%. The electric field of the reflector 6, which has a positive potential, prevents the passage of positively charged air ions outside the device.

 To completely eliminate the allocation of positively charged air ions outside the device, the corona electrodes 3 are grounded by means of a damper 7.

 The controller 9 of the number of emitted negatively charged aero ions, connected to the power circuit of the deflecting electrodes 5, changing its internal resistance from 0 to ∞, allows for a smooth change in the potential value at the electrodes 5 and thereby affect the air flow rate, cleaning efficiency and the number of negatively charged aeroions .

Claims (1)

 A device for cleaning air from dust and aerosols, containing a housing with a channel for the passage of air, inside of which are installed corona and precipitation electrodes having opposite polarity, deflecting electrodes and means for aromatic or medicinal substances, characterized in that the device further comprises a quencher of positively charged aero ions electrically connected to the corona electrodes and grounding the latter, and a regulator of the number of emitted negatively charged a roionov electrically connected to the deflection electrodes on one plate of which is mounted directly emitter of negatively charged ions, the potential of which is changed by the controller of the title, the deflecting plate electrodes have negative charge.