RU2214611C2 - Procedure measuring intensity of electric field - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measurement technology, measurement of intensity of electric field in wide spatial range with raised accuracy. SUBSTANCE: in compliance with procedure measuring intensity of electric field n pairs of conductive sensitive elements incorporated in common pickup are placed in examined space, outer surfaces of pickup are positioned in symmetry about coordinate planes with location of centers of surfaces of sensitive elements pairwise on n axes of chosen coordinate system symmetric relative to its origin. Pickup is oriented and held so that intensity vector of electric field is equidistantly removed from coordinate axes of pickup, that is, so that its components along coordinate axes are equal. Configuration and dimensions of sensitive elements are chosen on condition that there exist minimal errors caused by inhomogeneity of electric field under maximal measurement range of electric field. Modulus of intensity vector of measured electric field is found by measurement of one of components of electric field. With correct selection of configuration and dimensions of sensitive elements measurement error can amount to value under 1% at distances from field source and conductive surfaces exceeding or equal to 1.5 R where R is conditional radius of body of pickup. With this approach unit processing signals of pickup is simplified and range of input signals of facility is narrowed. EFFECT: possibility of measurement of intensity vector of electric field in wide spatial range with increased precision. 1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of measurement technology and can be used to measure electric field in a wide spatial range with increased accuracy.

 A single-coordinate method for measuring electric field strength [1] is known, based on placing one pair of sensitive elements included in the common sensor and located on the coordinate axis passing through the center of the sensor in the space under study, orienting these sensitive elements in the electric field until the maximum component is obtained and determining the modulus of the vector of tension by measuring this component.

 The advantage of this method of measuring electric field strength is that the device that implements this method has a narrow range of input signals and a simple circuit implementation.

 The disadvantage of this method is the low accuracy of measuring the intensity vector of an inhomogeneous electric field and a narrow spatial range of measurement.

 There is also a two-coordinate method for measuring electric field strength [2], based on placing two pairs of sensitive elements in the space under study that are part of a common sensor and located on two coordinate axes passing through the center of the sensor, orienting these sensitive elements in two planes of the electric field, measuring its two components and determining the modulus of the tension vector by geometric summation of the measured components.

 The disadvantage of this method is the low accuracy of measuring the vector of the intensity of an inhomogeneous electric field, a narrow spatial range of measurement and an extended range of input signals of a device that implements this method.

 Closest to the claimed method is a method of measuring electric field strength [3], which consists in the fact that three pairs of sensitive elements included in a common sensor are simultaneously placed in the space under study, the outer surface of the sensor is symmetric relative to the coordinate planes, the centers of the outer surfaces of the sensitive elements are placed in pairs on the three axes of the selected coordinate system symmetrically with respect to its origin, followed by measurement of the three coordinate components and determine By measuring the intensity of the measured field by geometric summation of these components.

 A common disadvantage of the known methods and prototype is that they can be used to measure the electric field in a narrow spatial range, i.e. at a distance from field sources and conductive surfaces, significantly exceeding the size of the sensor. In this region, the electric field can be considered homogeneous. When the sensor approaches the field source or conductive surfaces, the electric field becomes inhomogeneous and a dependence of the measured intensity on the orientation of the sensor appears, which leads to significant measurement errors.

 In addition, devices that implement these methods have extended ranges for measuring input signals and have increased implementation complexity.

 The objective of the invention is the implementation of the possibility of measuring the vector of electric field in a wide spatial range with increased accuracy.

где n=2; 3;
Е_i - составляющие вектора напряженности электрического поля по координатным осям, зависящие от конфигурации и размеров чувствительных элементов, а также от пространственного диапазона измерений;
Е₀ - модуль вектора напряженности однородного электрического поля.The problem is achieved by placing simultaneously n-pairs of conductive sensitive elements included in the common sensor in the space under study, balancing the outer surfaces of the sensor relative to the coordinate planes with the centers of the surfaces of the sensitive elements in pairs on the n axes of the selected coordinate system symmetrically relative to its beginning, while the sensor is oriented and then support so that the electric field vector is equidistant from the coordinate axes of the sensor, i.e., so that its the components along the coordinate axes were equal, and the configuration and size of the sensing elements were chosen from the condition of a minimum error from the inhomogeneity of the electric field with a maximum spatial range of measurement

where n = 2; 3;
E _i are the components of the electric field vector along the coordinate axes, depending on the configuration and size of the sensitive elements, as well as on the spatial range of measurements;
E ₀ - the module of the vector of the intensity of a uniform electric field.

 In this case, the vector module of the measured electric field is determined by measuring one of the components of the sensor.

 The proposed method is illustrated in the drawing. Sensitive elements 1-6 are the outer surfaces of the spherical segments that are symmetrical with respect to the planes of the Cartesian coordinate system, for example, in three ordinates of the body 7, which in a particular case is a ball. The centers 8-13 of these surfaces are arranged in pairs on the axes of the same coordinate system symmetrically with respect to its origin 14. Sensitive elements, in the particular case representing spherical segments, layers, triangles, squares and their combinations, are connected in a particular case through resistors, and in general case through differential converters 15-17, and a logical device 18 with a sound, light or other signaling device 19 of the equality of the components of the tension vector along the coordinate axes, and the output of one of the differential converters it, for example, along the X axis, is connected to the measuring device 20.

где n=2; 3;
Е_i - составляющие вектора напряженности электрического поля по координатным осям, зависящие от конфигурации и размеров чувствительных элементов, а также от пространственного диапазона измерений;
Е₀ - модуль вектора напряженности однородного электрического поля.The measurement method is implemented as follows. A sensor with sensitive elements is placed in the space of the investigated field and orientated in it until the components of the electric field strength vector are equal along all coordinate axes, and holding the sensor in this position, one of the components of the electric field strength vector is measured, by which its module is determined. The configuration and size of the sensitive elements is selected from the condition of a minimum error from the inhomogeneity of the electric field with a maximum spatial range of measurement

where n = 2; 3;
E _i are the components of the electric field vector along the coordinate axes, depending on the configuration and size of the sensitive elements, as well as on the spatial range of measurements;
E ₀ - the module of the vector of the intensity of a uniform electric field.

 Using the proposed measurement method and with the right choice of configuration and size of sensitive elements, it is possible to achieve a measurement error of less than 1% at distances from the field source and conductive surfaces greater than or equal to 1.5 • R, where R is the conditional radius of the sensor body. In addition, the device for processing sensor signals is simplified and the range of input signals of the device is narrowed.

Literature
1. Morozov Yu.A., Gromov O.M. A device for measuring the electric field of industrial frequency // Scientific works of labor protection institutes of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions. - M.: Profizdat. - 1970. - issue. 65. - S.41-44.

 2. Bocker H., Wilhelmy L. Messung der elektrischen Feldstarke bei hohen transienten und periodisch zeitabhangigen Spannungen // Elektrotechniche zeitschrift. - 1970. - A91. - 8. - S.427-430.

 3. A.s. 473128 (USSR), MKI G 01 R 29/14. The method of measuring electric field strength / B.C. Axelrod, K. B. Scheglovsky, V. A. Mondrusov. Publ. 1975, BI 21.

Claims (1)

The method of measuring the electric field strength, based on placing simultaneously in the studied space n pairs of conductive sensitive elements included in the common sensor, balancing the outer surfaces of the sensor relative to the coordinate planes with the location of the centers of the surfaces of the sensitive elements in pairs on the n axes of the selected coordinate system symmetrically with respect to its origin, differing the fact that the sensor is oriented and then supported so that the electric field vector is equal to is removed from the coordinate axes of the sensor, i.e., so that its components along the coordinate axes are equal, and the configuration and size of the sensitive elements are selected from the condition of a minimum error from the inhomogeneity of the electric field with a maximum spatial range

where n = 2, 3;
E _i are the components of the electric field vector along the coordinate axes, depending on the configuration and size of the sensitive elements, as well as on the spatial range of measurements;
E ₀ - the module of the vector of the intensity of a uniform electric field,
wherein the module of the vector of the measured electric field intensity is determined by measuring one of the sensor components.