RU2214076C2 - Boardless plowing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has tine and transverse tubes fixed between tine legs. A-hoes formed from pipes of different length are mounted on tubes at an angle to direction of advancement of plowing apparatus. C-shaped brackets are fixed at tube leading ends. Spring- type stirrers and C-shaped chisels are secured to brackets. Chisels are provided with rounded ends and cutting edge obtained by sharpening of lower end. EFFECT: improved quality of soil tillage, reduced power consumption and enhanced reliability in operation. 2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to devices for non-plowed soil plowing.

 Known devices for subsurface plowing are the chisel plow ПЧ-4,5 (G. G. Maslov, Sh.N. Bogus. Mechanized technologies for cultivating and harvesting crops. - Maykop: Republican Publishing House - Printing Association "Adygea", 1997 p. 72-73), including a V-shaped frame, equipped with working bodies in the form of half-segment racks, the tips of which are loosening (chisel-like) legs 70 mm wide and lancet legs 270 mm wide; and a chisel mounted mounted plow type ПЧН (Krasnodar Plant for Rice Harvesting Machines, brochure. - Krasnodar: Fatset Advertising Bureau, 1985), which includes a two-beam frame equipped with support wheels, working bodies in the form of rectangular uprights and tips in the shape of an inclined lancet paw width 500 mm with winged agitators on the wings.

 The disadvantages are low quality loosening, especially in dry periods (with a PM-4,5 plow equipped with chisels, lumps of about 200 mm wide are obtained; with a lancet-armed plow, lumps of the same size; with a PChN plow, lumps of about 150 mm).

 Such a quality of loosening does not always satisfy the agricultural requirements due to the tightened agrotechnical terms of soil preparation, depending on weather conditions.

 The closest in technical essence and the achieved economic effect is a soil deep-soil cultivator (author's certificate. USSR 858585, class A 01 B 13/10), which includes a base machine that aggregates a two-beam frame, equipped with support wheels and working bodies in the form of V-shaped racks with cutting edges, and in the lower part between the branches of the uprights, bits are also equipped with cutting edges, and in the uprights and in the bits movable pneumatic units are mounted in spherical guides, powered from the tractor compressor and driven into Vision Rope-spring system.

 The disadvantages of this device are the structural complexity of the device, low operational reliability and low quality of loosening, due to high clumping and contamination of the soil, as pneumatic installations are not guaranteed to carry out loosening and cutting of rhizomes of weeds; The disadvantage is also high energy consumption.

 The technical solution to the problems is to improve the quality of processing, which consists in reducing the lumpiness of the soil and the removal of arable materials to the surface of arable land; to simplify the design, reduce energy consumption and increase operational reliability.

 The proposed device for subsurface tillage, including a two-tube frame equipped with a connection system to the base machine, support wheels and working bodies installed at the same distance, made in the form of a rack consisting of two sidewalls with chisels, characterized in that between the sidewalls of the racks in the plane located at an angle to the direction of movement of the base machine, two pipe cross members are attached to them, on which are mounted in the form of lancet paws having tube holes of different lengths, while the tubes are equipped with C-shaped bits equipped with cutting edges.

 The device is characterized in that the cutting edges on the C-shaped bits are rounded and have a lower sharpening.

 The novelty of the device lies in the placement between two racks of two pipe cross members, on which tubes of different lengths are strung, forming a body with the shape of a lancet paw. At the front of the tube are equipped with C-shaped brackets for attaching C-shaped bits and spring agitators with two branches. A prefabricated paw tube is lighter, has a composite cutting part made of individual C-shaped bits and spring tedders with two branches. This combination makes it possible to crush strata cut by bits with high quality and more efficiently carry weed roots to the surface of the treated layer. For example, with a bit width of 70 mm, the lumps are 40-50 mm in size, which significantly reduces the time for preparing the soil for sowing.

 The invention is shown in the drawings. Figure 1 is a top view, figure 2 is a straight view, figure 3 is a side view.

 The device consists of a welded two-pipe frame 1, equipped with a connection system to the base machine in the form of a three-point linkage 2, supporting colossi 3 with an adjustable installation height. On the frame 1, working bodies 4 are installed at the same distance from each other, made in the form of a stand, consisting of two sidewalls 5, between which two pipe cross members 6 are installed in a plane located at an angle to the movement of the unit 6. Tubes 7 equipped with holes are strung onto the cross members having different lengths to create the shape of a lancet paw, while the tubes are equipped with C-shaped brackets 8 with threaded holes for fastening with screws of spring agitators 9 and C-shaped with rounded edges of interchangeable chisels 10, made of wear-resistant material and having a carbide cutting edge 11, the resulting bottom sharpening.

 The device operates as follows. A frame 1 with working bodies 4 in the form of pointed arms assembled by transverse 6 and longitudinal 7 tubes on racks from two sidewalls with supporting wheels 3 set to the required processing depth.

 In the field with the frame 1 lowered and the tractor moving, the bits 10 are introduced into the soil. First, a bit 10 is inserted that is attached to the bracket 8 on the longest tube 7, then successively bits that are attached to shorter tubes. Each bit 10 tears off the formation in width corresponding to the width of the bit, crumbles it due to the C-shape and at the same time cuts off the roots of weeds with a rounded cutting edge 11. The severed layer with vegetation falls on a spring agitator 9, where it undergoes further crumbling and separation, which contributes to the removal of plant material to the surface, which is important for the formation of a nutrient top layer. The spring properties of agitators 9 improve separation. The inclined arrangement of the tubes 7, of which the lancet paw is formed, contributes to deepening. The front chisel 10 perceives the greatest resistance to the soil, the rest are approximately 2 times less, which reduces energy costs. Chisels 10 are light and removable, which reduces metal consumption and helps to quickly replace and restore by sharpening their cutting edges 11.

Claims (2)

 1. Device for subsurface tillage, including a two-tube frame equipped with a connection system to the base machine, support wheels and working bodies installed at the same distance, made in the form of a rack consisting of two sidewalls, with chisels, characterized in that between the sidewalls of the racks in a plane located at an angle to the direction of movement of the base machine, two pipe cross members are attached to them, on which are mounted with the formation of the shape of a pointed arm having tube holes of different lengths, this tube is equipped with a C-shaped bits equipped with cutting edges.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting edges on the C-shaped bits are rounded and have a lower sharpening.

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