RU2213182C1 - Rope-and-gauze curtain of flank of opencast - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction industry, setting in safe condition of deformed benches of non-mining flanks of opencast. SUBSTANCE: characteristic feature of rope-and-gauze curtain of flank of opencast lies in that it includes bearing ropes anchored in rock mass and gauze mats pierced with ropes fixed in points of their crossing. Curtain is supplemented with cantilevers fixed perpendicularly on bearing ropes on each bench of flank. Gauze mats are freely hung on cantilever. Upper section of gauze mat protruding above bench includes greater number of horizontal and vertical ropes than its lower section. EFFECT: enhanced reliability of structure due to redistribution of dynamic load. 2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to construction and can be used to bring to a safe state deformed ledges of inoperative quarry sides.

 Known cable design for stabilization of the surface of the slope (Japanese patent 2965517, E 02 17/20, Method for stabilizing the surface of the slope / author Ito Kozo, patent holder K.K. Dairin, z. 8263521, claimed September 11, 1996, priority of Japan 96263521 of September 11 .96, published October 18, 1999). The design consists of cables stretched in the longitudinal and transverse directions and anchored into an array, clamps securing the cables at their intersections, and pressure devices that tighten the cables. It turns out a wire mesh stretched and tightly fixed on the slope, reinforcing a single surface, but not protecting the underlying ledges.

 The disadvantage of this design is its low reliability and the complexity of mounting. The design does not protect the underlying horizons from falling out of pieces of rock from the upper ledges, which creates the danger of people and equipment working on them. The process of hanging and attaching cables to areas of long length and height is laborious; A large number of cables and pushing devices on slopes are required.

 Known anti-landslide metal mesh, consisting of interwoven vertical and horizontal wire rods arranged with different pitch. A protective wire harness is attached along the side edge of the grid parallel to the vertical rods (Japanese Patent 2717515, E 02 D 17/20, Anti-landslide metal mesh / patent holder Sanva K.K., author Hanamoto Shuneo, Japan priority, application 289589 dated 11.24.94 g. , published 02/18/98).

 A disadvantage of the known design is the low reliability when reinforcing high ledges of great length. Fastening with a wire harness on the slope is a structurally weak fastening and does not allow the quick replacement of the mesh in case of damage. In addition, when the pieces of rock fall out, the grid is not able to hold them, creating the danger of people and equipment working on the underlying ledges. The process of attaching and securing the mesh itself to sections with ledges with a height of more than 15 m and a large length requires considerable labor.

 The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a wire mesh curtain containing carrier ropes anchored into the array, with mesh mats sewn with cables, fixed benders in the places of their intersection. It turns out a continuous mesh curtain on the ledges of the quarry in their extreme position (Reconstruction of the Udachny quarry in order to maintain power: explanatory note / institute Yakutniproalmaz AK ALROSA; Chief project engineer V.A. Bakhtin, code 1833K. Mirny, 2000 )

 The disadvantage of the veil is its low reliability due to the fact that the critical mass of rock accumulated under the grid at some point in time under the influence of gravitational forces starts to move, dragging the rock mass from the deformed ledges, and destroys the continuous mesh-rope mat with its weight . When the net is stretched, from hitting the net of pieces of rock, the oscillatory movements instantly die out, and the energy of the falling piece is concentrated at the site of the impact, damaging the net and the curtain as a whole. In addition, this device eliminates the possibility of cleaning the berms from the accumulated rock without removing wire mesh mats, and also leads to unreasonably high consumption of materials and labor costs for its installation and updating (replacement).

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the structure due to the redistribution of dynamic load.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that the wire mesh curtain of the pit side according to the invention includes carrier ropes anchored into the array, with mesh mats, stitched cables, fixed with clamps at their intersections, while the curtain is additionally equipped with consoles perpendicular to the supporting ropes on each on the ledge of the side, and mesh mats are freely hung on the console, and in the upper protruding section of the mesh mat above the ledge, the number of horizontal and vertical cables is greater than in the lower part.

 At the same time, the console has a U-shaped frame, consisting of sidewalls connected to a right triangle and a cross member.

 In the upper section of the mat, the number of vertical cables can be 2 times, and horizontal 3 times more than in the lower part.

 Additional supply of the curtain with consoles perpendicular to the supporting ropes allows you to create a vertical linkage of the mesh mat, divide it into separate fragments (pieces) on each ledge of the side and place it so that the curtain protrudes above the upper edge of the ledge. This ensures that the grid catches pieces of rock falling by the rebound from the ledge, and allows the most complete use of the mat area. This makes the proposed design more reliable.

 A free hinge on the console of mesh mats creates the best dynamic stability of the curtain structure when it hits a mesh of rock pieces: in this case, oscillatory wave-like movements of the mesh occur, which redistribute the kinetic energy of the impact on the entire mesh and finally quench it.

 The execution of the console in the form of a right-angled triangle and a cross-beam, on which a mesh mat is hung, provides the dynamic stability of the protective structure (a triangle is a rigid figure).

 The greater number of cables (vertical and horizontal) in the upper part of the mat is due to the fact that the kinetic energy of the falling piece of rock is perceived by the upper part of the mat and distributed to its lower part. The number of vertical and horizontal cables required to create a mat of a given stiffness are calculated based on the dynamic load of a falling piece of rock.

In FIG. 1 shows a section of the side of the quarry and the layout of the wire mesh screen on the ledges;
figure 2 (type A of figure 1) shows the design of the cable-mesh curtain;
figure 3 presents the design of the mesh mat 4.

 The wire mesh screen has the following structure: 1 - load-bearing ropes with a diameter of 32 mm; 2 - anchors; 3 - console. The console design is adopted in the form of a U-shaped frame consisting of sidewalls (channel 5) connected in a right triangle and a cross-member from a pipe with a diameter of 50 mm; 4 - mesh mat. The design of the mesh mat is made of a mesh, for example, a “chain-link”, into which vertical and horizontal cables are woven 5. At the intersections, the cables are connected to each other by means of presses.

 The wire mesh mat is made in advance.

 On a flat surface unfold the rolls of mesh "netting". To do this, use standard “netting” mesh rolls 1.5 m wide, 10 m long with a mesh of 50/50 mm. The edges of the grid of adjacent rolls are superimposed on each other to a width of 100 mm and stitched together and stitched with a cable with a diameter of 8 mm in horizontal and vertical directions: the upper 2-meter part of the fabric is stitched with vertical cables through 375 mm, horizontal cables through 350 mm; the rest of the mesh mat is stitched with vertical cables through 750 mm, horizontal through 800 mm (figure 3). Thus, in the upper part of the mesh mat, the number of vertical cables is 2 times, and horizontal cables are 3 times more per unit area than in the lower parts of the mat.

 A wire mesh screen is installed as follows. From the top down the slope of the ledge at a distance of 10 m from one another, two load-bearing ropes are pulled 1. The ropes 1 are fastened on the overlying ledge using anchors 2, then the ropes are tensioned by a bulldozer and secured to the anchors 2 on the lower ledge. A console 3 is attached to the ropes 1 on each ledge. A mesh mat 4 is freely hung on the console 3 using hooks (not shown in FIG. 1) so that the thickened part of the mesh mat protrudes above the upper edge of the ledge.

 The wire mesh screen of the quarry side will consist of several wire mesh mats on each ledge. The length of the cable-mesh mat depends on the height of the ledge and is within 0.2 ÷ 0.5 of the height of the ledge. According to the length of the ledge (along the perimeter of the quarry), the width of the wire-mesh curtain is not regulated and depends on the size of the deformed section.

Claims (3)

 1. A wire-mesh curtain of the pit side, characterized in that it includes load-bearing ropes anchored into the array, with mesh mats, stitched with cables, fixed with clamps at their intersections, while the curtain is additionally equipped with consoles perpendicular to the supporting ropes on each on the ledge of the side, and the mesh mats are freely hung on the console, and in the upper protruding section above the ledge of the mesh mat, the number of horizontal and vertical cables is greater than in its lower part.  2. A wire-mesh curtain according to claim 1, characterized in that the console has a U-shaped frame consisting of side panels connected in a right triangle and a cross-beam.  3. Cable net curtain according to any one of paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that in the upper section of the mesh mat, the number of vertical cables is 2 times, and horizontal 3 times more than in the lower part.

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