RU2211920C2 - Method of hydraulic fracturing of formation and increase of rock permeability and equipment for method embodiment (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining, oil and gas producing industry; applicable in mineral mining through wells after performance of formation hydraulic fracturing and increase of rock permeability in macrovolumes in well zone. SUBSTANCE: method includes drilling of well to preset depth; testing of formation for product inflow; location of pumping unit at well head for supply of working agent to well; tailing-in mineral formation; stimulation by shock waves with help of hydraulic percussive device with transmission of shock waves through fluid waveguide in well with subsequent turning of wave from reflector to formation. Made additionally on well walls, within thickness of formation, are upper and lower circular and rectilinear stress concentrators with help of preliminarily lowered into well cutting tool. Then, lowered into well in assembly with drill string is control valve device with system of radial and longitudinal channels, bushing, spring-loaded valve and straddle packer designed for isolation of one of circular stress concentrators from atop and from its bottom. Lowered into well in composition with tubing are sub with system of radial and longitudinal channels with spring- loaded bushing, hydraulic percussive device, booster pump, high-pressure receiver with controlled pressure-relief valve - high-pressure generator-power hydraulic cylinder with pressure switch. Hydraulic percussive device is put in operation with help of surface pumping unit. After attaining the required value of working agent pressure in intrapacker spaces, its value is increased with help of hydraulic percussive device and surface pumping unit to shift down upper string-loaded two-diameter piston and fixing of its position inside fixed distance switch. Pressure in intrapacker spaces is closed and channel to isolated circular stress concentrator is opened. Pressure boosting in said concentrator from high-pressure receiver is made similarly with help of hydraulic percussive device and surface pumping unit until occurrence of formation hydraulic fracture. Pressure of working agent in region of circular stress concentrator is reduced more than inside packers. Formation hydraulic fracturing is detected by sharp pressure drop when working agent is injected by surface pumping unit. After formation hydraulic fracturing, retainers of upper spring-loaded two-diameter piston of pressure fixed distance switch are released by pressure supplied to lower edge of lower spring-loaded two-diameter of piston-unfastener and by pressure relief in infrapacker spaces, and they are communicated with under-packer and above-packer spaces. After that, device assumes its initial position, and it is moved along well so that packers isolate by their sealing members the other circular stress concentrator, and all operations with it are performed similar to those with the first stress concentrator. Then, device is removed to surface, and device provided with two pairs of packers is lowered for simultaneous isolation of upper and lower circular stress concentrators and performance of hydraulic fracturing along rectilinear stress concentrators on well walls. After hydraulic fracturing along rectilinear stress concentrators, zone of rock weakening on well walls is expanded in macrovolumes and permeability is increased with elimination of plugged pores by cyclic hydraulic pulse stimulation with help of working agent pressure. Vertical fractures do not extend beyond boundaries of fractures in horizontal plane. EFFECT: provided limiting of zone covered by wave stimulation within preset limits of formation thickness. 6 cl, 23 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to mining, oil and gas industry and can be used for mining through boreholes. The technical task is to increase the permeability of the near-wellbore volume of rocks with its greatest radial strike while reducing energy consumption by ensuring dilatant deformation and decompression of the massif under uneven loading in macro volumes.

где ρ_ж0, а_ж0 - начальные (при подходе к забою скважины) соответственно плотность жидкости и скорость волны в жидкости;
ρ_ж, а_ж, F_ж - соответственно плотность жидкости, скорость волны в жидкости и текущее значение сечения жидкостного волновода на длине волны;
ρ_м, а_м, F_м - соответственно плотность массива, скорость волны в нем, поперечное сечение участка массива, охваченного волной в каждом сечении на длине волны от забоя скважины.A known method (A.S. USSR 1701896, Mcl E 21 B 43/25, 43/28, 12.30.91, BI 48) to increase the permeability of rocks at the place of occurrence, including opening a mineral layer by a well, feeding into the well fluids and impact by shock waves with their transmission through a fluid waveguide in the well, followed by the rotation of the wave from the reflector into the formation, with which, before the impact of shock waves on the liquid column in the well, they are subjected to static pressure exceeding the pore pressure in the unconsolidated rocks than 1.5 times, and the amplitude in the shock wave is chosen to be equal to or greater compressive-tensile stress for the occurrence of dilatant deformation in the formation, while the wavelength is set commensurate with the thickness of the formation, but not less than the specified length of the cracks formed in the array
L≥λ = T • a≥Δl • n,
where L is the thickness of the mineral layer;
λ is the wavelength;
a is the wave velocity;
T is the wavelength;
Δ1 is the increase in the length of the crack formed in one passage of the wave;
n is the number of wave passes to ensure the estimated crack length, and the cross section of the liquid waveguide in the direction of the bottom in the wave emission zone is changed in accordance with the dependence

where ρ _Ж0 , and _Ж0 - initial (when approaching the bottom of the well), respectively, the density of the fluid and the wave velocity in the fluid;
ρ _W , and _W , F _W - respectively, the density of the liquid, the wave velocity in the liquid and the current value of the cross section of the liquid waveguide at the wavelength;
ρ _m , and _m , F _m , respectively, the density of the array, the wave velocity in it, the cross section of a section of the array covered by a wave in each section at a wavelength from the bottom of the well.

 The named method has disadvantages. For example, it does not stipulate a restriction on the coverage of a given formation thickness by a wave action, without which the wave action will extend to the overlying and underlying layers adjacent to the studied one, losing irrevocably useful energy and causing their hydrodynamic connection, which is undesirable in the case of testing an oil-bearing formation bordering with aquifers. In addition, this method does not provide prior to the wave impact of performing on the walls of the well stress concentrators providing hydraulic fracturing at lower impulse pressures in the waveguide.

The closest analogue is a method of increasing rock permeability (A. s. USSR 1240112, M.cl. E 21 B 43/25, 43/28, publ. 05/15/88, BI 18), including opening a mineral layer by wells, supplying into the wells of the technological solution and the effect of shock waves excited in the upper part of the column of the solution with their transmission through the solution waveguide in the well, by which additional shock waves in the formation zone are rotated by reflection along the formation by installing a wave reflector in the well in the interval of the formation, and the amplitude tense second wave of the set ratio
0.6σ _at ≥σ _waves ≥0.3σ _at ,
where σ of the _waves is the maximum amplitude of the voltage in the wave;
σ _y is the elastic limit of the skeleton of the rock;
σ _in - ultimate rock strength.

 And also to reduce the permeability of the host rocks, the latter is additionally treated with shock waves with a stress amplitude above the elastic limit of the rock skeleton.

 The specified method has the same disadvantages as the previous analogue: the absence of restrictions on the coverage by wave action over the thickness of the reservoir, the absence of stress concentrators on the walls of the well. In addition, the formation treatment indicated in the method by pulsed pressure reaching 300 MPa or more can cause casing destruction, since it is not designed for such pressure.

где ρ_и0, а_и0 - соответственно плотности материала излучателя, скорость волны в материале излучателя в нулевом сечении;
ρ_и, а_и, F_и - соответственно те же параметры излучателя в текущих сечениях излучателя;
ρ_ж, а_ж, F_ж - соответственно плотность жидкости волновода, скорость волны в жидком волноводе и приведенное сечение жидкостного волновода по длине излучателя, а акустический отражатель имеет высоту не меньше длины волны.A device is known (A.S. 1701896, M.cl. E 21 B 43/28, 43/25) for increasing the permeability of rocks at the place of occurrence, including a conical-shaped acoustic reflector with a tip in the upper part, connected to a power wave generator with a wave concentrator and a wave reflector at its end in communication with a liquid waveguide, in which the additional wave concentrator and wave reflector are made in the form of truncated cones, tightly interconnected by their large bases, and are equipped with a hydraulic hammer passed through a smaller base ntratora waves with the possibility of reciprocating movement to the valve and the striker and the sleeve high pressure water, wherein the cross section wave reflector arranged exponentially decreasing section waveguide emitter formed with a cross section decreasing depending on

where ρ _u0 and _v0 - the densities emitter material, the wave velocity in the emitter material at zero section;
ρ _and , a _and , F _and - respectively, the same parameters of the emitter in the current sections of the emitter;
ρ _W , and _W , F _W are the waveguide fluid density, the wave velocity in the liquid waveguide, and the reduced section of the liquid waveguide along the length of the emitter, and the acoustic reflector has a height not less than the wavelength.

 The disadvantage of this device is that it does not provide technical elements that perform stress concentrators on the walls of the well before fracturing and limit the coverage of cracks along the thickness of the formation.

 The closest analogue is (A. S. of the USSR 1583608, Mcl E 21 C 45/00, 43/28, publ. 07.08.90, BI 29) a device for mining through wells, including pipelines for pumping the working fluid into the injection well and pumping out the pulp through the pumping well with shutoff valves, nozzles connecting the wells to the injection and pumping pipelines, a pulse exciter and a drive of the exciter, in which the injection pipe is additionally made in the form of a two-stage housing with a cover and a remote gasket and installed coaxially with the injection well, a smaller diameter stage is connected to the injection pipe by a check valve, a larger diameter stage is located above the smaller diameter stage, communicated with it and provided with elastic connections, the pulse exciter is placed between the elastic connections in the larger diameter stage and has a channel for air outlet, and the inner diameter of the smaller stage is equal to or greater than the diameter of the well, and the spacer is placed between the cover and the elastic ties in steps of larger diameter. The nozzle of the injection well is equipped with a reflector connected to the latter by means of an additional elastic connection and a shock absorber, and the surface of the reflector is equipped with at least two helical protrusions having a spiral view in plan.

 The disadvantages of this device are the lack of technical elements that perform stress concentrators on the walls of the well before fracturing, limit the coverage by cracks along the thickness of the reservoir and ensure that the static pressure of the liquid column is sufficient at the level of the reservoir under study at great depths of about 4-5 km and the amplitude in the shock wave, as well commensurability of wavelength with reservoir thickness.

 Equipment for hydraulic fracturing and increasing rock permeability is also known, including a power hydraulic cylinder, pressure chamber, suction and exhaust valves of the working agent, a sealing element - a packer device, tubing - tubing, a casing with perforations and cement grouting ring, a powder accumulator of well pressure — a powder charge with a charge ignition mechanism (see the book A. Popov. Impact effects on the bottomhole zone of wells. M.: Nedra, 1990, p. 35, 36, 38-45 , 74-76, Fig. 24). The disadvantage of using this equipment is that with poor cementing, the casing may break and the lead wires get jammed, powder gases at the entrance to the reservoir volume can be redistributed with the saturating formation fluid and form the Jamen effect, leading to blockage of the borehole zone.

 Known interval packer by ed. testimonial. USSR 643625, class E 21 B 33/12, publ. in BI 3, 1979, containing the upper and lower packers with trunks made with radial channels, a case with windows, an anchor, a valve device, a sleeve and a retainer, the trunk of the lower packer being rigidly connected to the sleeve, and the retainer mounted on the end of the trunk of the upper packer with the possibility of interaction with the sleeve, while in the lower part of the trunk of the lower packer is installed a rigidly connected pipe forming an annular cavity with the barrel, and a piston is installed under the sealing element, forming a chamber communicating with the barrel with the barrel howl cavity, while packer - to vnutripakernym space. The lower surface of the interval packer is made flat, which does not affect the efficiency of the packer, but when used in an explosion it reduces the effectiveness of the packer.

 The technical result, which will be obtained by using the invention, is to limit the coverage area by the wave action within the specified limits of the thickness of the reservoir due to the execution of circumferential stress concentrators on the walls of the well, which allow hydraulic fracturing in their plane when insulated by packers and lower hydrostatic pressures, and when performing straight-line concentrators stresses on the walls of the well, limited by circumferential top and bottom, fracturing in planes parallel to the longitudinal the borehole axis, under optimal hydrostatic pressures, and then carried out using managed hydrodynamic wave impact loosening in dilatant macrovolumes between cracks formed by eliminating a closed porosity and increasing the permeability of the rock.

 This is achieved by the fact that the method of hydraulic fracturing and increasing rock permeability, including drilling a well to a predetermined depth, testing the formation for inflow, placing a ground-based pumping unit at the wellhead, supplying a working agent to the well opening a mineral layer, using shock waves using hydropercussion device and with their transmission through a liquid waveguide in the well with subsequent rotation of the wave from the reflector into the reservoir, according to the invention, additionally on the walls of the well to the limit x the thickness of the formation of interest, the upper and lower circumferential and rectilinear stress concentrators are performed using a special cutting tool previously lowered into the well, removed to the earth’s surface after their pointing, then lowered into the well as part of a drill string with a system of radial and longitudinal channels, a spool device, a sleeve, a spring-loaded valve and a twin packer designed to isolate one of the circumferential stress concentrators above and below it, and then lower as part of pine-compressor pipes (tubing) with a system of radial and longitudinal channels a sub with a spring-loaded sleeve, a hydraulic shock device, a multiplier pump, a high-pressure receiver with a controlled relief valve - a high-pressure generator (power hydraulic cylinder), which includes a directional pressure switch, before bringing into functional communication the radial and longitudinal channel systems and the listed devices as part of the drill string and as part of the tubing and include in the work using the ground pump regatta hydropercussion device that performs the role of a multiplier-hydraulic drive pump supplying the working agent in the high pressure receiver, after reaching the calculated limit value which is automatically and cyclically reset at vnutripakernoe space; after reaching the required pressure of the working agent in the inner packer spaces, its value is increased with the help of a hydraulic shock device and a ground-based pumping unit, during which the upper spring-loaded step piston is shifted down and its position inside the directional switch is fixed, as a result of which the pressure in the inner packer spaces is locked and the channel opens to an isolated circuit stress concentrator and forcing pressure in it from a high-pressure receiver adic by means of hydraulic devices and ground pumping unit to fracturing, are working agent pressure in the circumferential stress concentrator, since the pressure is locked and fixed during vnutripakernyh spaces lowered lower than inside the packer; hydraulic fracturing is recorded by a sharp drop in pressure during injection of the working agent using a ground-based pumping unit; after hydraulic fracturing, the latches of the upper spring-loaded step piston of the directional pressure switch are released using the pressure applied to the lower edge of the lower spring-loaded step piston-detacher, and the pressure is released in the inner packer spaces and they are connected with the under-packer and over-packer spaces, after which the device takes its original state and it is moved along the well so that the packers isolate another circumferential concentration with their sealing elements Rathore stress and all the action with him repeating similar actions with the first circumferential stress concentrator; after that, the device is removed to the surface and lowered to a device equipped with two pairs of packers designed to simultaneously isolate the upper and lower circumferential stress concentrators and to produce fracturing along rectilinear stress concentrators on the borehole walls, the implementation of which is similar to hydraulic fracturing in the plane of the circumferential stress concentrator; after hydraulic fracturing along rectilinear stress concentrators on the well walls, the expansion zone of rocks is expanded in macro volumes and the permeability is increased with the elimination of closed porosity by cyclic hydro-pulse exposure using the pressure of the working agent automatically released by the high pressure receiver when it is pumped by the multiplier pump; the vertical cracks that have formed themselves do not go beyond the previously formed cracks in horizontal planes, the openness of the vertical cracks formed is ensured by the fact that the vertical component of rock pressure is always greater than the circumferential tangential component of rock pressure; An alternative to a high-pressure generator of a working agent can be a powder charge or a chain of charges, which, if necessary, are activated at certain intervals until hydraulic fracturing is achieved.

 Equipment for hydraulic fracturing and increasing the permeability of rocks, including a liquid waveguide, a power wave generator, transmitting vibrations to a waveguide, a hydraulic hammer or a hydraulic hammer with the possibility of its reciprocating movement with a valve and a striker and a high-pressure water pipe, according to the invention is additionally equipped with a drain into the well cutting tool for guiding circumferential and rectilinear stress concentrators on the walls of the well, extracted from it after they are completed, cutting tool The tool for the production of circumferential concentrators can be presented in three versions, two of which provide for the creation of a flywheel torque equipped with a spring-loaded retractable cutting tool with constant and variable radii of the application of reaction forces of the flowing jets of the working agent (water) using mechanical couplings in the form of rolling bearings , in the third - mechanical connections are eliminated and replaced by hydraulic type hydraulic lubrication, so that the rotation of the flywheel with a cutting tool mentia carried out in a floating mode without noise and vibration; calibration of the pressure of the working agent to the maximum output of the spring-loaded cutting tool is carried out previously, after which the process of cutting stress concentrators on the walls of the well becomes controlled from the surface of the earth; The cutting tool for directing straight stress concentrators is additionally equipped with a deflecting device controlled from the surface of the earth, pressing the cutting tool against the wall of the well, and the tubing on the surface of the earth is equipped with an angle gauge that allows directing straight stress concentrators on the walls of the well with a given angle between them.

 Equipment for hydraulic fracturing and permeability enhancement, including a sleeve, a spring-loaded valve placed in the drill string in the in-pipe space, equipped with radial and longitudinal channels, one pair of packers placed on the outer surface of the shells in the drill string, power hydraulic cylinder (high pressure generator) , sub for the implementation of functional communication, according to the invention is additionally equipped with a spool device in the composition of the drill string, placed inside ubnoy space and adjacent to the bottom of the lower end of the sleeve, interacting with a spring-loaded valve located above the sleeve, and designed to provide hydraulic communication between the inside of the spaces with each other and with the high pressure generator, with the under-packer and over-packer spaces using radial and longitudinal channels made in a cylindrical the wall of the hulls as part of the drill string, a power hydraulic cylinder (high pressure generator), placed as part of the tubing relative to the spring-loaded valve and rigidly connected to the upstream multiplier pump, which in turn is rigidly connected to the upstream hydraulic shock device and the hydraulic shock device is rigidly connected to the upstream sub, and the upper edge of the sub is rigidly connected to the tubing, as part of the power hydraulic cylinder body in its lower part a directional pressure switch is rigidly installed, in the housing wall of which there are radial and longitudinal channels for supplying the working agent to the packers, in the jpaker space, in the directional pressure switch to return it to its original state, designed to lock the preset pressure of the working agent in the upper and lower packers and then open the channels with a direction from the power hydraulic cylinder to the region of the circumferential stress concentrator for fracturing, for the need to relieve pressure in the inner packer spaces after the production of hydraulic fracturing using a channel made in the side walls of the bodies sequentially from top to bottom an evodnik, a hydropercussion device, a multiplier pump, a power hydraulic cylinder, a directional pressure switch and a spring-loaded sleeve with an axial channel and seals blocked in the sub by the hydraulic fracturing, after which the axial channel of the spring-loaded sleeve of the sub is blocked by the discharge from the ground inside the tubing, with a smooth ball and by applying the design pressure, the spring-loaded sleeve is placed down to the position where the aforementioned channel opens, to the lower at the edge of the spring-loaded step piston-uncoupler, designed to unfasten the latches of the upper spring-loaded step piston of the directional pressure switch, after which the upper spring-loaded step piston will take its initial position, blocking the channel into the interpacker space and opening the channel into the spool device and the inside-packer space, and the spring-loaded step the uncoupled piston will open the channel into the inner space of the tubing to relieve the pressure of the working agent from the inner pack spaces and their subsequent connection with the help of the slide valve device with sub-packer and overpacker spaces.

 Equipment for hydraulic fracturing and increasing permeability along straight-line stress concentrators on the well walls after performing hydraulic fracturing in two planes of circumferential stress concentrators on the walls of the well within the test formation according to the invention is additionally equipped with two pairs of packers designed to isolate cracks in horizontal planes, and their intra-packer the spaces are hydraulically interconnected, and the high-pressure relief channel is brought into the inter-packer zone about the space of two medium packers.

 Equipment for hydraulic fracturing and increasing the permeability of rocks, including a power hydraulic cylinder, a pressure chamber, suction and exhaust valves of the working agent, a hollow spring-loaded piston, a sealing element - a packer device, a drill string, tubing - tubing, a casing with perforations and cement grouting ring, the spool device is additionally equipped with a powder charge, under the explosion of which the pressure of the powder gases is distributed to the hollow springs a piston articulated with a pressure chamber containing suction and exhaust valves of the working agent, an exhaust channel for exhaust powder gases, connected to the interior of the tubing, a working cylinder designed to move a hollow spring piston in it, containing a housing rigidly connected to the housing of the pressure chamber, as part of the drill string, the powder charge is placed in the cavity of the high pressure chamber inside the housing of the working cylinder above the hollow spring-loaded piston, the housing the working cylinder is equipped with an annular groove and a channel hydraulically connected with the space enclosed between the wall of the drill string and the tubing and the pressure chamber, the powder charge cartridge is rigidly attached with its upper edge to the lower edge of the housing as part of the tubing, rigidly fixed in the housing of the working cylinder and sealed O-rings, in the upper part of the cartridge there is a capsule, and in the lower part of the body as a part of the tubing there is a spring-loaded striker with a conical head fixed on its upper part, significant for the capture, which is lowered from the surface of the earth, the working cylinder body and the housing as part of the tubing are equipped with radial channels for pneumatic communication with the exhaust channel of the spent powder gases and the internal space of the tubing, the housing of the high-pressure chamber on its outer surface is equipped with a sleeve pivotally connected to the glass, designed to support the bottom of the well, in the walls of the body, the sleeve and the glass, T-grooves are made under the heads of the fixed bolts for the possibility of articulation and movement in the longitudinal direction when compressing the sealing elements-packers, the cup is equipped with radial channels designed for hydraulic communication with perforations in the casing, cement grouting ring, the test formation within its thickness, the wall of the pressure chamber housing from the side of its lower edge is equipped with a spring-loaded spool with a protrusion, the cavity of which is hydraulically connected with the closed volume of the under-packer space with the help of a radial channel in the wall of the body and with annulus by the above-packer space of the drill string, in which the housing is located, by means of another channel, the spring-loaded spool protrusion is designed to contact the bottom of the cup and with the possibility of moving the spring-loaded spool protrusion upwards to overlap the radial channel as the packers deform due to the movement of the drill string under the required design force from the surface of the earth and subsequent erosion of the powder charge, and when testing the formation for inflow after the production of its hydraulic fracturing by reducing the effort urs column movably spring-loaded protrusion for opening slide downwards into the annular channel nadpakernoe space.

 Equipment for hydraulic fracturing and increasing its permeability using a powder charge according to the invention additionally allows simplification by eliminating a hollow spring-loaded piston and damping the exhaust channel of the powder gases when their pressure at the time of blasting is distributed directly to the surface of the fluid in the drill string itself during packing by loading from the surface of the earth; the level of fluid in the drill string before and after the combustion of the powder charge calculates the volume of cracks after hydraulic fracturing.

Distinctive features of the invention are the following:
- on the walls of the borehole within the thickness of the reservoir, the upper and lower circumferential and rectilinear stress concentrators are performed using a special cutting tool previously lowered into the borehole, removed to the earth’s surface after they have been guided;
- a spool device, a bushing, a spring-loaded valve and a dual packer designed to isolate one of the district stress concentrators above and below it are lowered into the well as part of a drill string with a system of radial and longitudinal channels, and then lowered into the tubing (tubing) with a system of radial and longitudinal channels, a sub with a spring-loaded sleeve, a hydraulic shock device, a multiplier pump, a high-pressure receiver with a controllable relief valve - a high-pressure generator (with sludge hydraulic cylinder), the casing of which has a directional pressure switch, before bringing into functional communication the radial and longitudinal channel systems and the listed devices as part of the drill string and as part of the tubing and include a hydraulic shock device acting as a hydraulic drive of the pump using the ground pump unit - a multiplier supplying the working agent to the high pressure receiver, upon reaching the calculated limit value of which it is automatically and cyclically reset in the inner pack space;
- after reaching the required pressure of the working agent in the inner packer spaces, its value is increased with the help of a hydraulic shock device and a ground-based pumping unit, during which the upper spring-loaded step piston is shifted down and its position inside the travel switch is fixed, as a result of which the pressure in the inner packer spaces is locked and opened the channel to the isolated district stress concentrator and the pressure in it from the high pressure receiver produce an ogichno by means of hydraulic devices and ground pumping unit to fracturing, are working agent pressure in the circumferential stress concentrator, since the pressure is locked and fixed during vnutripakernyh spaces lowered lower than inside the packer;
- hydraulic fracturing is recorded by a sharp drop in pressure during injection of the working agent using a ground-based pumping unit;
- after hydraulic fracturing, the latches of the upper spring-loaded step piston of the directional pressure switch are released using the pressure applied to the lower edge of the spring-loaded step piston-detacher, and the pressure is released in the inner packer spaces and they are connected with the under-packer and over-packer spaces, after which the device takes its original state and it is moved along the well so that the packers insulate another circumferential concentrator with their sealing elements apryazheny and all actions with him repeating similar actions with the first circumferential stress concentrator;
- the device is removed to the surface and lowered the device, equipped with two pairs of packers, designed to simultaneously isolate the upper and lower circumferential stress concentrators and fracturing along rectilinear stress concentrators on the walls of the well, the implementation of which is similar to hydraulic fracturing in the plane of the circumferential stress concentrator;
- after hydraulic fracturing along rectilinear stress concentrators on the walls of the well, the expansion zone is decompressed in macro-volumes and permeability is increased with the elimination of closed porosity by cyclic hydroimpulse exposure using the pressure of the working agent automatically released by the high pressure receiver when it is pumped by the multiplier pump;
- the formed vertical cracks do not go beyond the previously formed cracks in horizontal planes, the openness of the formed vertical cracks is ensured due to the fact that the vertical component of the rock pressure is always greater than the circumferential tangential component of the rock pressure;
- an alternative to a high-pressure generator of a working agent can serve as a powder charge or a chain of charges, if necessary included in the action at certain intervals until hydraulic fracturing is achieved;
- equipment for hydraulic fracturing and permeability enhancement is equipped with a cutting tool lowered into the well for guiding circumferential and rectilinear stress concentrators on the walls of the well, removed from it after they are completed, the cutting tool for producing circular concentrators can be presented in three versions, two of which provide creation of a flywheel torque equipped with a spring-loaded retractable cutting tool with constant and variable radii the outflowing jets of the working agent (water) using mechanical couplings in the form of rolling bearings, in the third - mechanical couplings are eliminated and replaced by hydraulic-type hydraulic lubricants, due to which the rotation of the flywheel with the cutting tool is carried out in a floating mode without noise and vibration;
- calibration of the pressure of the working agent to the maximum output of the spring-loaded cutting tool is carried out previously, after which the process of cutting stress concentrators on the walls of the well becomes controlled from the surface of the earth;
- the cutting tool for directing straight stress concentrators is equipped with a deflecting device controlled from the surface of the earth, pressing the cutting tool against the wall of the well, and the tubing on the surface of the earth is equipped with an angle gauge that allows direct straight stress concentrators on the walls of the well with a given angle between them;
- the equipment is equipped with a spool device as part of the drill string, located in its in-tube space and adjacent from the bottom to the lower end of the sleeve, interacting with a spring-loaded valve located above the sleeve and designed to provide hydraulic communication between the inside of the packer spaces with each other and with the high-pressure generator, with the packer and over packer spaces using radial and longitudinal channels made in the cylindrical wall of the housings as part of the drill string, power guide a cylinder (high pressure generator) located in the tubing above the spring-loaded valve and rigidly connected to the upstream multiplier pump, which in turn is rigidly connected to the upstream hydraulic shock device, and the hydraulic shock device is rigidly connected to the upstream sub, and the upper edge of the sub is rigidly connected to the tubing, in the structure of the power hydraulic cylinder body in its lower part, a directional pressure switch is rigidly installed, in the casing wall and which has radial and longitudinal channels for supplying the working agent to the packers, in the area of interpacking space, to the directional pressure switch to restore it to its original state, designed to lock the set pressure of the working agent in the upper and lower packers and then open the channels with the direction from the power hydraulic cylinders in the region of the district stress concentrator for the production of hydraulic fracturing, for the need for pressure relief in the inner packer spaces after hydraulic formation breakthrough using a channel made in the side walls of the bodies sequentially from top to bottom of the sub, hydropercussion device, multiplier pump, power hydraulic cylinder, directional pressure switch and a spring-loaded sleeve blocked with an axial channel and seals in the sub until it is produced hydraulic fracturing, after which the axial channel of the spring-loaded sleeve of the sub is blocked by a smooth ball discharged from the surface of the earth inside the tubing and by applying the calculated pressure of the sub the spring sleeve is set down to the position where the aforementioned channel opens, to the lower edge of the spring-loaded step piston-detacher, designed to unfasten the clamps of the upper spring-loaded step piston of the pressure switch, after which the upper spring-loaded step piston will take its initial position, blocking the channel into the interpacker the space and opening the channel into the spool device and the inner packer space, and the spring-loaded step piston-detachment itel will open a channel into the inner space of the tubing to relieve the pressure of the working agent from the inner packer spaces and their subsequent connection using a slide valve with subpacker and overpacker spaces;
- equipment for hydraulic fracturing and increasing permeability along straight-line concentrators is equipped with two pairs of packers designed to isolate cracks in horizontal planes, and their inner packer spaces are hydraulically interconnected, and the high-pressure relief channel is brought into the interpacker space of two middle packers;
- the equipment instead of the power hydraulic cylinder is equipped with a powder charge, in the event of which the pressure of the powder gases is distributed to a hollow spring-loaded piston pivotally connected to the pressure chamber containing the suction and exhaust valves of the working agent, the exhaust channel for the spent powder gases, which is connected to the inside of the tubing, a working cylinder designed to move a hollow spring-loaded piston in it, comprising a housing rigidly connected to the housing of the pressure chamber, in ve drillstring;
- the powder charge is placed in the cavity of the high pressure chamber inside the working cylinder body above the hollow spring-loaded piston;
- the housing of the working cylinder is equipped with an annular groove and a channel hydraulically connected with the space enclosed between the wall of the drill string and tubing, and a pressure chamber;
- the cartridge of the powder charge is rigidly attached with its upper edge to the lower edge of the housing as part of the tubing, rigidly fixed in the housing of the working cylinder and sealed with ring seals;
- a capsule is placed in the upper part of the cartridge, and a spring-loaded striker with a conical head mounted on its upper part intended for gripping, lowered from the ground surface inside the tubing with a cable, is placed in the lower part of the cartridge (the electromagnet can play the role of a capture the current core of the electromagnet that has captured the firing pin rises, when the firing current is disconnected under the action of the spring it goes down);
- the housing of the working cylinder and the housing as a part of the tubing are equipped with radial channels having pneumatic connection with the exhaust channel of the spent powder gases and the inner space of the tubing;
- the housing of the high-pressure chamber on its outer surface is equipped with a sleeve pivotally connected to the glass, designed to support the bottom of the well;
- the degree of freedom of the longitudinal movement of the swivel is ensured by performing T-grooves in the walls of the housing, sleeve, cup, and bolt, respectively, the heads of which, when compressed in the longitudinal direction of the sealing elements (packers) are pivotally moved inside the T-grooves;
- the glass is equipped with radial channels designed for hydraulic communication with perforations in the casing, cement grouting ring, the tested formation within its thickness;
- the wall of the housing of the pressure chamber from the side of its lower edge is equipped with a spring-loaded spool with a protrusion, the cavity of which is hydraulically connected to the closed volume of the under-packer space using a radial channel in the body wall and with the annular over-packer space of the drill string, which includes the body, using another channel
- the protrusion of a spring-loaded spool located in the wall of the housing of the pressure chamber, is designed to contact the bottom of the cup, move the protrusion of the spool up, overlap the radial channel as the sealing elements (packers) deform by moving the drill string under the necessary calculated force from the ground and subsequent explosion of the powder charge, and when testing the formation for inflow after hydraulic fracturing by reducing the effort on the drill string, the protrusion of the spring-loaded spool moves downward, opening the channel into the annular nadpakerny space for the inflow of formation fluid;
- equipment using a powder charge can be simplified by eliminating the hollow spring-loaded piston and damping the exhaust channel of the powder gases, when their pressure at the time of blasting is distributed directly to the fluid surface in the drill string itself during packing by loading from the surface of the earth;
- by the level of fluid in the drill string before and after the combustion of the powder charge, the volume of cracks after hydraulic fracturing is calculated.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a preliminary implementation of stress concentrators on the walls of the well before hydraulic fracturing of the investigated formation; in FIG. 2 - a layer with cracks in horizontal planes, restricting the propagation of vertical cracks from above and below; figure 3 - layer with vertical cracks, bounded above and below horizontal;
figure 4 - layout of the tool and its drive to perform on the walls of the borehole stress concentrators in horizontal planes; figure 5 - the layout of the tool and its drive to perform on the walls of the borehole stress concentrators in vertical planes; figure 6 is a vertical section BB of the flywheel in figure 5 with spring-loaded (articulated) nozzles; Fig.7 is a top view of a cutting tool containing a cutting edge with the apex of a dihedral angle; on Fig is a side view of the cutting tool; figure 9 is a variant of a device for pointing stress concentrators on the walls of an open hole in a horizontal plane with the replacement of mechanical ties with hydraulic; figure 10 is a section bb in figure 9; figure 11 is a longitudinal section of a device designed to create stress concentrators on the walls of an open hole along its generators; on Fig - deflecting device for a tool guidance straight stress concentrators on the walls of an open hole; in Fig.13 - the layout of the deflated downhole equipment for the production of hydraulic fracturing in the plane of the circumferential stress concentrator on the walls of the well; on Fig is a longitudinal section of a device lowered into the well as part of a drill string for hydraulic fracturing and increase permeability; in Fig.15 is a longitudinal section of a device lowered into the well as part of a drill string with the addition of a power hydraulic cylinder lowered onto the tubing and a multiplier pump; in Fig.16 is a longitudinal section of the lower part of the descent device in the composition of the drill string; on Fig is a longitudinal section of a directional pressure switch; in FIG. 18 is a longitudinal section of a power hydraulic cylinder and a multiplier pump; in Fig.19 is a longitudinal section of a sub with a spring-loaded sleeve; in FIG. 20 is a longitudinal section through a test formation and a descent equipment for fracturing along straight stress concentrators; in FIG. 21 is a longitudinal section of a working cylinder with a spring-loaded hollow piston under a powder charge, the housing of which is rigidly connected to the housing of the pressure chamber in the drill string; on Fig is a diagram of the layout of the powder charge in the high pressure chamber as part of the drill string and housing as part of the tubing; on Fig is a layout diagram of a packer device for an application of a powder charge instead of a power hydraulic cylinder.

 A well was drilled from the surface 2 of the earth to the test formation 1 (Fig. 1), which is reinforced with a casing 3 with a flange 4 and cement grouting ring 5, which seals the annular gap between the casing 3 and the borehole walls held in rock layers 6 above and below the investigated formation 1. Near the upper and lower boundaries of the studied formation 1 create stress concentrators 7, which are annular acute-angled recesses in the walls of the open hole section and located in planes perpendicular to the axis of the well along d the lower edge of the casing string 3. After this, hydraulic fracturing is performed with the formation of cracks 8 located in planes parallel to the boundaries of the investigated formation or along the boundaries. Then create vertical acute-angled stress concentrators 9 along the generatrices of the cylindrical surface of an open hole, located at a predetermined angle from each other (FIGS. 1, 2) and between induced horizontal cracks 8. The number of concentrators 9 is chosen from three or more. After obtaining vertical acute-angled stress concentrators 9 stresses on the walls of the well, vertical fractures 10 are created using hydraulic fracturing, limited by horizontal and vertical cracks 8. The length of the vertical cracks in the radial direction from the axis of the well into the depth of the formation array should not exceed the length of the horizontal cracks (Fig. 3) . Thus obtained network of fractures dramatically increases the surface of the fluid reservoir, which will certainly increase the production rate of the producing well.

 The foregoing relates to a method of hydraulic fracturing by artificially pre-pointing stress concentrators 7 and 9 on the well walls.

Now we describe the proposed tool with which these hubs are induced. Figure 4 shows a vertical section of a device for pointing in horizontal planes on the well walls of stress concentrators 7. It consists of a housing 11, equipped with a tapered thread 12 for rigid connection with tubing, axial channel 13, radial channels 14 and 15, designed to supply a working agent (e.g. water), a piston 16, pivotally or rigidly connected to the pressure a sleeve 17 provided with spring-loaded protrusions 18 designed for articulating with the longitudinal grooves 19 of the housing 11, a bearing 20 designed for articulating the pressure sleeve 17 with a sliding spring stop 21, a bearing 22 pivotally connected to creeping emphasis 21 with a spring 23 located inside the annular gap between the housing 11 and the lateral cylindrical wall of the sliding emphasis 21, supported by the lower edge on the end face of the nut 24, fixed by a lock nut 25 along the threads of the housing 11, the flywheel 26, worn on the protrusion of the housing 11 in its lower part and pivotally supported on a thrust bearing 27, fixed on a protrusion of the housing 11 with a nut 28 and a lock nut 29 threaded at the lower end of the protrusion of the housing 11. The flywheel 26 is provided in its middle part with an annular groove 30 designed to communicate with radial channels 15 and the axial channel 13 and the annular grooves 31 for sealing the gap between the protrusion of the housing 11 and the flywheel 26 and the cutting tool 32 containing an elastic element 33 made in the form of a ring having the ability to radial movement when interacting the contact surfaces of the cutting tool 32 and the sliding stop 21. Figure 5 shows a top view of the flywheel 26 at section AA in figure 4. The flywheel 26 is equipped with exhaust channels 34, forming a known Segner wheel type engine, designed to use the reaction of the effluent from 90 ^° bent nozzles, through openings 35, intended to enter the sliding stop 21, a curly flange 36, rigidly attached from above to the housing the flywheel 26 with fixing screws 37, designed to cover the cutting tool 32 and the formation of grooves 38, inside which the edges of the cutting tool 32 are pivotally placed.

 On a vertical section BB of the flywheel 26 (figure 5) shows a variant of the flywheel with spring-loaded (hinged) nozzles 39 (Fig.6). Pipes 39 with exhaust channels 34 have two options: either rigidly connected to the flywheel housing 26 or pivotally. In the first case, the nozzles 39 are pressed into or welded to the flywheel housing 26, in the second case, they are spring loaded with the possibility of articulated translational movement inside the radial channels in the flywheel housing 26, which makes it possible, under equal conditions, to increase the rotational moment of the flywheel and its power.

 Figure 7 shows a top view of the cutting tool 32, containing the cutting edge 40 with the apex of the dihedral angle 41. Figure 8 shows a side view of the cutting tool 32.

 Figure 9 shows a variant of the device for pointing stress concentrators on the walls of an open hole in a horizontal plane, in which the piston 16 and the pressure sleeve 17 contain interconnected channels 42, 43 and a converging channel 44. The channel 44 is formed by conical lower and upper end surfaces, respectively the pressure sleeve 17 and the sliding spring-loaded stop 21. Similarly, a converging channel 45 is made between two surfaces of the rings 46 and 47, worn on the lower protrusion of the housing 11, communicating with the channels 48 and 13. Converging channels 44 and 45 are intended to replace mechanical connections with a sliding spring-loaded stop 21 and a flywheel 26 with hydraulic ones.

 Figure 10 shows a section bb in figure 9, from which it follows that the pressure sleeve 17 with the help of longitudinal grooves 19 in the housing 11 and the spring protrusions 18 is pivotally connected to the sliding spring stop 21 in the same way as in the above embodiment (figure 4).

 The operation of devices (Fig. 4-10), designed to guide stress concentrators on the walls of the well in planes perpendicular to the axis of the well, and serving as a tool for its implementation, is as follows. The device body 11 (Figs. 4-10) is screwed onto the tubing (12) using a thread 12 and lowered to a predetermined depth. Fixation of tubing launched into the well at a given depth is carried out by one of the known methods used in practice, which is not given here. Then, a working agent (for example, water, aerated water) is supplied through the tubing, which is sent from the cavity 13 simultaneously through channels 14 and 15 to the piston 16, the annular channel 30 and further to the channels 34 of the nozzles 39, causing the flywheel 26 to rotate due to action of the reaction of leaking jets. The working agent puts pressure on the piston 16, causing it to shift down. Associated with the piston 16, the pressure sleeve 17 also begins to move downward translationally due to the translational movement of the spring-loaded protrusions 18 in the longitudinal grooves 19 of the housing 11, producing pressure through the rolling bearing 20 to the sliding spring-loaded stop 21, supported from below by a spring 23, a rolling bearing 22, nuts 24 and 25.

 The pressure of the working agent supplied to the piston 16 overcomes the resistance of the spring 23 and biases the sliding spring-loaded stop 21 down, which, when shifted down by its fingers, transfers the displacement in the perpendicular direction to the cutting rotating tool 32. The sliding spring-loaded stop 21 moves downward due to the action of the piston 16 and at the same time performs a rotational movement due to the interaction with the cutting tool 32, rotating together with the flywheel 26. The fingers of the sliding spring of this stop 21, when moving downward, enter the through openings 35 of the flywheel 26, shifting the cutting tool 32 in the perpendicular direction by a predetermined amount with its conical surface, since there is an unambiguous relationship between the pressure of the working agent on the piston 16, the resistance of the spring 23 and the elastic element 33.

 Thus, using the known pressure of the working agent supplied to the tubing from the surface of the earth, the output of the cutting tool is known, and then the depth of the stress concentrators (acute-angled grooves) on its walls in planes perpendicular to the axis of the well is determined by the diameter of the open hole. Sealing the flywheel 26 on the housing 11 is carried out using annular grooves 31, and the articulated rotational movement of the flywheel 26 is provided by rolling bearings 20, 22 and 27. The rolling bearing 27 is fixed to the housing 11 with nuts 28 and 29. The cutting tool 32 (Fig. 4, 9) in the form of blades with a cutting edge 40, 41 (Figs. 7, 8) are arranged radially against the through openings 35 in the flywheel 26 in the grooves 38 serving as guides for moving the cutting tool, and covered with a curly flange 36 from above, rigidly fastened to the flywheel housing 26 s to oschyu screws 37 (Figures 4, 5, 9).

 The rotational moment of the flywheel 26 depends on the pressure of the working agent supplied to the exhaust channels 34, as well as on the radius of the applied reaction forces of the resulting jets. Fig. 6 shows a section B-B in Fig. 5, from which it can be seen that if the L-shaped pipes 39 are welded to the flywheel housing 26, then we will have a constant radius of application of the reactions of the resulting jets of the working agent, and if they are made in the form spring-loaded, they will have when extending the nozzles an increased radius of application of the reaction of the jets and therefore due to this increase the torque of the flywheel 26 and its power transmitted to the cutting tool 32.

 Figure 9 shows a variant of the device containing the cutting tool 32, excluding mechanical coupling in the form of rolling bearings 20, 22 and 27 and replacing them with hydraulic coupling type hydraulic lubrication. This is achieved by introducing interconnected thin channels 42, 43, 48, respectively, in the piston bodies 16, the pressure sleeve 17, in the body 11 and converging channels 44, 45, respectively, at the junction of the pressure sleeve 17 and the sliding spring stop 21 and rings 46 and 47. It is known that the flow rate of the working agent through thin channels 42, 43, 48 does not exceed a certain predetermined value at a given value of its pressure. The remaining flow rate of the working agent supplied to the channel 13 via the tubing will be consumed to rotate the flywheel 26. The converging channels 44 and 45 at the exit from them have an area equal to zero and are actually also stress concentrators. Therefore, at a certain pressure of the working agent supplied to the channels 13, 14, 42, 43, 44, 45, 48, an endless pressure will be created at the outlet of the channels 44, 45, which will open their banks and discharge this pressure into the environment. Leaking fluid is a hydrodynamic lubricant. There is a certain pressure of the working agent, which will not allow the banks of the channels 44, 45 to close to the initial state under the return action of the spring 23 and under these equilibrium conditions of hydrodynamic lubrication, friction, noise, vibration are sharply reduced, and the flywheel 26 together with the sliding spring-loaded stop 21 rotates in floating mode.

 The pressure of the working agent pressure for maximum compression of the spring 23 and the maximum output of the cutting tool 32 from the grooves 38 is preliminarily performed, after which the process of cutting stress concentrators on the walls of the well becomes controlled from the surface of the Earth. After some time, stress concentrators on the walls of the well are made, the pressure in the tubing is smoothly reset to zero, the spring 23 returns the sliding spring stop 21 and piston 16 to its original state, while the fingers of the sliding spring stop 21 come up from the through openings 35 in the flywheel housing 26 , the elastic element 33 will bring the cutting tool to its original state, after which the tubing is raised or lowered together with the device (Fig. 4-10) to the next deep level in the well and the cycle of operations is repeated.

 Figure 10 shows a cross-section bb in figure 9, from which it is seen that the pressure sleeve 17 contains channels 43 and spring-loaded protrusions 18, placed at their ends in the longitudinal grooves 19 of the housing 11, designed to provide translational movement of the pressure sleeve 17 along the axis of the housing 11 and the supply of hydrodynamic lubricant to the area of the hinged joint of the pressure sleeve 17 and the sliding spring stop 21.

 Figure 11 presents a longitudinal section of a device designed to create stress concentrators on the walls of an open hole along its generators.

 It contains a housing 49 with a tapered thread 50 for connecting to the tubing, a plug 51 sealed with a nut 52, nozzles 53, passed through the plug 51 and sealed therein with sealing rings 54 and fittings 55, bends 56, hermetically connected to the free ends nozzles 53, equipped with radial channels 57 and 58 and longitudinal channels 59, plugs 60 muffled on one side, couplings 61 with an annular groove 62 and a radial channel 63, articulated on bends 56 and sealed with gaskets 64, pillow block bearings 65 and nuts 66 , bent pipelines 67, hermetically connected at one end to the couplings 61 opposite the radial channel 63, and at the other ends to a hollow shaft 68, equipped with radial channels 69, connected to the exhaust channels 70 of the hydraulic actuator 71, rigidly connected to the cutting tool 72. The hydraulic actuator 71 is pivotally mounted on hollow shaft 68 using thrust bearings 73 and nuts 74.

 Curved pipelines 67 are equipped with brackets 75 welded to them with eyes for fastening and tightening the clamps 76 of the pipelines with a double-sided bolt 77 with right and left thread. The same pipelines 67 are equipped with deflecting devices 78 shown in longitudinal section in FIG.

 The deflecting device 78 (Fig. 12) includes a branch 79 connected at one end to a pipe 80 welded to a bent pipe 67 and the other to a sleeve 81 of the deflecting device with a radial channel 82 and an exhaust pipe 83 welded to the wall of the sleeve 81 opposite the radial channel 82. Inside the sleeve 81 there is a valve 84 spring-loaded with seals and a stop pipe 85 with channels 86. A stop pipe 85 is designed to support the upper edge of the spring 87.

The device (11, 12) works as follows. After connecting the device to the tubing using a tapered thread 50, it is lowered to a predetermined interval of the well and the initial position of the cutting tool is noted with the help of a protractor. Then, the initial pressure "p1" of the working agent (for example, water) is supplied to the tubing, which enters through the axial channel of the housing 49, then into the channels of the nozzles 53 placed and sealed in the plug 51 using the sealing rings 54, fittings 55. The plug 51 itself seals the gap between itself and the housing 49 by means of a nut 52. From the channels of the nozzles 53, the working agent enters the channels 57, 58, 59 of the outlets 56, from which it follows the radial channels 58 into the annular groove 62 of the coupling 61 and the radial channel 63 from which it enters into bent pipes 67, and of them into the exhaust ducts roprivoda 71 rigidly associated with the cutting tool 72. With the help of hydraulic reaction jets flowing working fluid together with the cutting tool driven in rotary motion. Now you need to reject the cutting tool so that it comes into contact with the wall of the open hole. For this purpose, a working agent is fed through the tubing with a pressure p2> p1, at which the spring-loaded valve 84 of the deflecting devices 78 rises, releasing the previously locked channel 82, from which the working agent enters the exhaust pipe 83, the jet reaction of which deflects the system consisting of bent pipelines 67, a hollow shaft 68, a hydraulic actuator 71 and a cutting tool 72, until it contacts the well wall. Raising and lowering the tubing repeatedly with the working cutting tool within the specified interval, the first stress concentrator with an acute-angled profile is created along the wellbore. Then the pressure in the tubing is reduced to a pressure p1, at which the compressed spring
87 returns the valve 84 spring-loaded with seals to their original lower position, locking the radial channel 82.

Using a protractor on the ground, the tubing together with the device (Fig. 11, 12) is rotated to the desired angle (for example, 45 ^o or 90 ^o ) and the operations are repeated by cutting longitudinal stress concentrators. The number "n" of longitudinal stress concentrators on the walls of the well is determined based on a given angle φ between two adjacent concentrators
n = 360 ^° / φ
After cutting the longitudinal stress concentrators on the walls of the well, the cutting tool is removed.

 According to the proposed method, after cutting two horizontal stress concentrators on the borehole walls, restricting the formation 1 from above and below, it is necessary to proceed to the production of hydraulic fracturing in two horizontal planes. To do this, a set of devices is lowered into the well as part of the drill string 88, which makes it possible to waterproof the horizontal circumferential concentrator 7 of stresses and apply an increased fluid pressure to its area that can cause hydraulic fracturing of 8 rocks in the horizontal plane (Fig. 2, 13), including the spool device 89 designed to control the operation of the upper 90 and lower 91 packers, the sleeve 92, a spring-loaded valve 93, designed to provide communication channel 94 with a power hydraulic cylinder 95, the multiplier pump 96.

 On Fig shows a longitudinal section of the downhole device in the composition of the drill string 88, the drilling tool 97, the spool device 89, the upper 90 and lower 91 packers, respectively placed on the bodies 98, 99, the sleeve 92, the spring-loaded valve 93. In the bodies 98 99 are made, respectively, longitudinal channels 100 and 101; 102, 103, 104; radial 105, 106, 107; 108, 109, 110, 111, 112. The longitudinal channels 100 and 102 are in communication with each other and with the radial channels 105, 111; longitudinal channels 101, 103 communicated with each other and with radial channels 107, 109; the longitudinal channel 104 is in communication with the radial channel 108 and with the spool device 89. The role of the radial channels 110 and 112 will be explained in the description of the spool device 89 in interaction with the other channels already mentioned.

 In FIG. 15 shows a longitudinal section through a descent device comprising a drill string 88 (FIG. 14) with the addition of a power hydraulic cylinder 95 and a multiplier pump 96 lowered onto the tubing 115, in which the longitudinal channel 116 is in communication with the radial channels 117, 114 and 108 and the longitudinal channel 104, associated with the spool device 89. And the longitudinal channel 118 is communicated through a radial channel 119 with radial channels 113 and 106.

 In FIG. 16 shows a longitudinal section of the lower part of the descent device as part of the housing 99, the lower packer 91, the lower part of the spring-loaded valve 93, the sleeve 92 with longitudinal channels 120, pressed against the inner protrusion of the housing 99 using the flange 121 and nuts 122, 123. The flange 121 is equipped with through longitudinal channels 124, longitudinal channels for accommodating movable needle valves 125 and an axial channel inside which a spring-loaded valve shank 93 is pivotally mounted. At the end of the latter, a flange 126 is rigidly mounted with rigidly mounted therein, with needle valves 125. Above the flange 121, a flange 127 is rigidly mounted with seals, longitudinal channels 128, designed to be closed by needle valves 125, when the spring-loaded valve 93 is in its highest position, an annular recess 129, designed to accommodate the spring 130, a longitudinal axial channel , in which the shank of the sleeve 92 is located and sealed. The outer surface of the flange 127 is equipped with protrusions designed to act as keys and prevent its movement in the circumferential direction. Bottom of the flange 127 is firmly pressed against the protrusion of the housing 99 by two nuts 131. Above the flange 127 inside the housing 99 with a possibility of sliding on the surface of the shank of the sleeve 92, a spring-loaded spool 89 with seals on the inner and outer surfaces is installed.

 With the position of the valve 89 in its lowest position, when its lower end and the upper edge of the flange 127 are aligned, the channel 110 is located between the seals 132 and 133, the channels 111 and 112, respectively, between the seals 134 and 135, 135 and 136, and the channel 109 is higher top edge of the spool.

 In the extreme upper position of the spool (Fig. 16), channels 111 and 112 are communicated through cavity 137, channels 110 and 128 through cavity 138, and channels 103, 109 are disconnected from channels 108, 104, 120.

 On Fig we have the highest position of the spool 89 and at this position the channels 105, 100, 102, 111, 112, 110, 128 are interconnected, which actually means the connectivity of the overpacker, inside packer and subpacker spaces. In the position when the valve 89 is in its lowest position (Fig. 15), there is no connectivity between the channels 105, 100, 102, 111, 112, 110, 128, which actually means the disconnection of the overpacker, inside packer and subpacker spaces. This position of the spool is favorable for filling the inner packer space with a working agent through the communicating channels 116, 117, 114, 108, 104, 120, 109, 103, 101, 107 to a predetermined pressure providing isolation of the horizontal circumferential stress concentrator 7 between the two packers 90 and 91 .

 It should be noted that the hydraulic fracturing device (Figs. 14, 15, 16) may not be equipped with a drilling tool 97.

 The power hydraulic cylinder 95 itself is equipped in its lower part with a travel pressure switch 139 rigidly attached to it (Fig. 17), designed to lock the set pressure of the working agent in the upper and lower packers 90 and 91 and open the channels 118, 119, 113, 106 for feeding pressure of the working agent in the region of the horizontal circumferential concentrator 7 voltages.

 The directional pressure switch 139 (Fig.17) is rigidly attached to the power hydraulic cylinder 95 using a tapered thread. In the wall of the housing of the pressure switch 139, radial channels 140, 141 and longitudinal channel 142 communicating with each other, as well as communicating radial channels 143 and longitudinal channel 144, communicating radial channels 145, 146 and longitudinal channel 147 are arranged inside the pressure switch 139 a collar sleeve 148, in the wall of which radial channels 149, 150, 149 'are made, communicating respectively with radial channels 140, 143 and 145. The collar 148 with a shoulder is rigidly fixed inside the housing of the pressure switch 139 with schyu nut 151. Inside the bushing 148 is formed bridge 152 with an axial passage. A spring 153 is supported on the upper edge of the jumper 152. A spring 154 is supported on the lower edge of the jumper 152. A cylinder is arranged below the jumper 152 with a stepped disengaging piston 155 passed through the axial channel of the jumper 152 and a spring-loaded spring 154 closed hermetically by a cover 156, tightly tightened nut 157.

 An annular groove is made in the stepped piston-uncoupler 155, enclosed between two O-rings, having hydraulic connection with the longitudinal channel 142 using radial channels 150 'and 140', made respectively in the side walls of the sleeve 148 and the travel switch 139, not crossing the longitudinal channel 144 When creating pressure in the packers 90, 91, the working agent enters their intra-packer space through channel 142. In this case, the annular groove in the stepped piston-detacher 155 connected to channel 142 plays the role of a deaf ode during packer process.

 An axial blind channel 158 is made in the cover 156, which communicates with radial channels 159, 150, 143. A second cylinder is made above the bridge 152, inside of which there is a stepped piston 160 with an axial channel equipped with elastic clips 161 in its lower part, which is sealed by a cover 162 equipped with a stepped protrusion 163 with cylindrical surfaces and a surface that increases downwards its cross-sectional area, and radial channels 164, 165 communicating with the axial channel 166. The radial channel 165 of the stepped protrusion 163 in ref In one state, the stepped piston 160 is in communication with its radial channel 167 and the radial channels 149 and 140. The stepped piston 160 is worn on the stepped protrusion 163 and is spring-loaded with a spring 153. The radial channel 141, the longitudinal channel 142 are in communication with the channel 116 and further with the inner packer space (Fig. 15, 17). The longitudinal channel 147 and the radial channel 146 are in communication with the channel 118, which is connected with the radial channels 119, 113, 106, designed to ensure exhaust of the working agent into the region of the horizontal circumferential stress concentrator 7 on the borehole walls (Fig. 15, 17).

 In FIG. 18 shows a longitudinal section through a power hydraulic cylinder 95 and a multi-multiplier pump 96, rigidly connected from bottom to top respectively. The power hydraulic cylinder 95 contains a step piston 168 inside its body with an annular recess 169 of a given length, which ensures the maximum displacement of the step piston from bottom to top when the pressure of the working agent is applied from the multiplier pump 96 through a pipeline (channel) 170 through a non-return valve 171, a spring compression 172, designed for maximum pressure, providing reliable packing and hydraulic fracturing in the zone of the horizontal circumferential stress concentrator 7, valve body 173, designed to discharge and the accumulated maximum pressure in the power hydraulic cylinder 95, with axial channels 174, 175 made therein, a longitudinal channel 176, with annular recesses 177, 178 made on the outer and inner surfaces, a valve 179 with a radial channel 180 made therein, a longitudinal channel 181, an inclined channel 182, a compression spring 183, a check valve 184, a supply pipe (channel) 185, communicating through an annular recess 169 with pipelines (channels) 186, 187, 188 open to the pressure of the working agent supplied to the tubing (tubing) , O-rings 189, 190, designed to isolate the inlet of the pipeline (channel) 186 within the specified movement of the piston 168 from the bottom up.

 The multiplier pump 96 is located above the power hydraulic cylinder 95, is rigidly attached to it and contains a high-pressure cylinder 191, a step piston 192 and a hydraulic hammer device 193 located above the multiplier pump and designed to carry out water impacts on the upper edge of the step piston 192 pivotally connected to it ( see ed. St. USSR 1716108 A1, M. class E 21 B 43/25 "Device for conducting water hammer on the bottomhole zone of the formation" pulse ", 06/14/89, BI 8, 02/29/92), return spring 194 of the piston 192, cylinder 191 of the multiplier pump Kator 96 is equipped with an inlet pipe (channel) 195 with a non-return valve 196, an outlet pipe (channel) 197 with a non-return valve 171. The hydropercussion device 193 or its variant can be located on the surface of the earth as a part of the equipment (see, for example, auth. St. USSR 1701896 A1, M. class E 21 B 43/28, 43/25 "A method of increasing the permeability of rocks at the place of occurrence and a device for its implementation", 02/01/89, BI 48, 12/30/91).

 It should be noted that the purpose of the device according to ed. St. USSR 1716108 A1 was different than the proposed one. In our case, hydraulic shocks are used as a hydraulic drive of the multiplier pump. The same can be said about the author. St. USSR 1701896 A1, which is intended for use at shallow depths of rocky ore, hydroblows of which are used in our case as a hydraulic drive of the multiplier pump and their amplification in accordance with the magnitude of the generated pressure.

 The walls of the composite housings of the hydraulic shock device 193, the multiplier pump 96 and the power hydraulic cylinder 95 are equipped with a pipe (channel) 144 designed to supply pressure to the lower edge of the detachment piston 155 (Fig.17, 18).

 The upper edge of the hydropercussion device 193 is rigidly connected to the lower edge of the sub 198, the upper edge of which is rigidly connected to the tubing.

 As part of the sub 198 (FIG. 19), designed for rigidly connecting the hydraulic shock device 193 and tubing 115, there is a spring-loaded sleeve 199 with an axial channel 200 and a conical surface 201 facing upward with its solid angle 20, with spring rings 203, between which located the entrance to the channel (pipeline) 144. This spring-loaded sleeve 199 is intended, if necessary, to start the working agent with a certain predetermined pressure into the channel (pipe) 144 when its axial channel 200 is closed by means of a resettable down from the earth's surface along the tubing of a smooth ball, which at the end of its fall is located on the conical surface 201. The ball is not shown in Fig. 19, since this technique is well known.

 On Fig presents a diagram of the packing at the time after hydraulic fracturing in the zones of horizontal circumferential stress concentrators 7 and the execution of vertical straight stress concentrators 9 on the walls of the well. The location of the packers is exactly the same as shown in Fig. 15, only here instead of two four packers are placed in pairs. A spool device 89 is placed inside the case of the lowest packer (Fig. 15, 16), and the filling of the inner packer space of each upstream packer with a working agent starts along the channels branching from the channels of the lower packer, as shown in Fig. 15. As a result of packing, each horizontal crack 8 in the formation is isolated between two packers, the upper crack is inside the upper pair of packers 90 'and 91', and the lower crack is inside the lower pair of packers 90 and 91.

 After packing and isolating horizontal cracks between the packers, it remains to apply increased pressure to the area between the middle packers, in which vertical straight stress concentrators 9 are made on the walls of the well. Under the conditions of increased pressure supplied through the channel 94 located between the middle packers, in the same way as shown in FIG. 15, hydraulic fracturing of vertical cracks will occur in the directions defined by vertical planes. The propagation of cracks in the vertical planes will be limited by the banks of horizontal cracks. Since the vertical component of rock pressure is almost always much higher than the tangential (circumferential) component, the closure of vertical cracks will not occur. As a result of such hydraulic fracturing, the filtration area of formation fluids increases sharply, increasing their selection.

 Now, after hydraulic fracturing, applying increased pressure of the working agent, it is possible to achieve gradual decompression of the rocks and expansion of its zone, the so-called dilatant loosening of the rock volume, accompanied by an increase in permeability.

 When the goal is achieved, it is necessary to remove the descent equipment from the well. For this, a smooth ball is thrown inside the tubing, blocking at the end of its fall the axial channel 200 of the spring-loaded sleeve 199 located inside the sub 198. By applying some pressure to the working agent along the tubing, under which the sleeve 199 with a smooth ball drops down to the stop, channel 144 becomes open for the entry of a working agent from the tubing into it, and then through the radial channels 143, 150, along the axial channel 158 to the lower edge of the stepped piston-detacher 155, under the action of which it will begin to move upward, unfastening its upper edge Other latches 161 from the lock connection with the stepped protrusion 163 of the cover 162, as a result of which the stepped piston 160 starts to move upward by the action of the spring 153, connecting the channels 166, 165, 167, 149, 140, 142, 141, 116 and disconnecting the channels 166, 164 , 149 ', 145, 147, 146, 118. When the step detachment piston 155 moves upward, the channels 150', 140 ', 142 open for hydraulic communication with the channel 158, as a result of which the pressure of the working agent in the intra-packer space begins to fall, entering channels 158, 159, 150, 143, 144 and further into the tubing, as in tubing, the pressure is much lower than the pressure in the inner packer spaces. There will come a time when the pressure on the spool device 189 becomes lower than the compression force of its spring 130, as a result of which it will occupy its upper extreme position, connecting cavity 137 to the inside-packer spaces with the under-packer and over-packer spaces using channels 112, 111, 102, 128, and elastic packer elements will take their initial starting position. Then, by lifting up the tubing 115 and the multiplier pump 96 connected to them with a power hydraulic cylinder 95 to the surface of the earth, the in-pipe space of the drill string (88, 98, 99, 97) is freed, and then the drill string itself is removed from the well, in which packers 90, 91 are located.

 The described operations are repeated in the next well, in which it is necessary to carry out hydraulic fracturing and dilatant loosening of rocks at a given depth in the hydraulic fracturing zone.

 The scheme for producing hydraulic fracturing and increasing its permeability allows for other options (Fig. 21), for example, instead of a power hydraulic cylinder 95, we propose using a powder charge, when a certain volume of powder gases is formed with a design pressure sufficient to perform hydraulic fracturing using a spring-loaded hollow piston 204, packer device 205, pressure chamber 206, suction valve 207 of the working agent (eg, water), high pressure working agent exhaust valve 208, casing columns 209 with perforations 210, springs 211, seals 212, exhaust channel 213.

 The suction of the working agent into the pressure chamber 206 is carried out via a channel (pipe) 214. The working cylinder, designed to move the spring-loaded hollow piston 204, comprises a housing 215 rigidly connected to the housing 216 of the pressure chamber 206 as part of the drill string 217 (Fig. 22) . The powder charge 218 is placed in the cavity of the high-pressure chamber 219 inside the housing 220 of the working cylinder 215 above the spring-loaded piston 204 (Fig. 22). The housing 220 is rigidly connected to the housing 215 as part of the drill string 217, equipped with an annular groove 221 and a channel 222 hydraulically connected to the channel 214. The cartridge 223 of the powder charge 218 is rigidly fixed with its upper edge to the lower edge of the housing 224, rigidly fixed in the housing 220 and sealed O-rings 225. The housing 224 is part of the tubing, rigidly fastened to them. A capsule 226 is placed in the upper part of the cartridge 223, and a spring-loaded hammer 227 with a conical head 228 mounted on its upper part, designed to capture 229, which is lowered from the surface of the earth inside the tubing with a cable 230, is placed in the lower part of the housing 224. Cases 220 and 224 are equipped radial channels, respectively 231 and 232, having pneumatic communication with the exhaust channel 213.

 In FIG. 23 shows a layout diagram of a packer device for an application of a powder charge 218 instead of a power hydraulic cylinder 95. FIG. 21 shows a packer (sealing element) 205 conditionally without deciphering it into operation, and FIG. 23 shows a specific embodiment in which the housing 216 The high-pressure chamber 206 carries on its outer surface a sleeve 233 pivotally connected to the housing 216 and to a stepped sleeve 234 pivotally connected to the glass 235. The bottom of the glass 235 acts as a reflector. The geometry of the bottom may be conical. The degree of freedom of the longitudinal movement of the articulated joint is ensured by making T-grooves 236 in the walls of the housing 216, sleeve 234, cup 235, respectively, and securing bolts 237, the heads of which, when compressed in the longitudinal direction of the sealing elements (packers) 205, are pivotally moved inside the T-shaped grooves 236. The glass 235 is equipped with radial channels 238, designed for hydraulic communication with the perforations 210 in the casing 209, cement grouting ring 5, the test formation 1.

 To compress the sealing elements (packers) 205 in the longitudinal direction, the contact of the lower edge of the nozzle 235 and the bottom 239 of the well is required. In this case, it is necessary to provide for the outflow of drilling fluid located in a closed volume 240 limited by the surfaces of the housing 216, the stepped sleeve 234, the sleeve 235, the casing string 209, the perforations in the cement grouting ring 5 and the test formation 1. For this purpose, into the wall of the housing 216 with of the side of its lower edge, a spring-loaded spool 241 is mounted, the cavity of which is hydraulically connected to the closed volume 240 of the under-packer space using a radial channel 242 in the wall of the housing 216 and with the annular over-packer space urs column, within which it is located by a channel 243, shown in Figure 23 by the dotted line. With the longitudinal deformation of the sealing elements (packers) 205 due to the axial movement of the drill string under the necessary design force from the surface of the earth, the rigidly attached body 216 will lower down, bringing the protrusion of the spool 241 into contact with the bottom of the nozzle 235, after which the spool 241 will move up, blocking the radial channel 242. Packers 205, deforming in the radial direction under the action of forces in the longitudinal, overlap the gaps for pressure leaks. Now there comes a time when it is necessary to turn on the powder charge 218. For this purpose, the gripper 229 is lowered on the cable 230, which grabs the conical head 228, rigidly fastened to the spring-loaded striker 227. The cable 230 is raised to a certain height, pulling the striker 227 up, and let him go. The firing pin 227, under the action of a spring, strikes with force its sharp end into the capsule 226, as a result, the powder charge 218 ignites (explodes), forming a volume of gases of a given pressure, under the action of which the spring-loaded piston 204 moves downward, forcing the working agent out of the high-pressure chamber beyond into the cavity 240 and further into the reservoir 1 before the production of hydraulic fracturing.

 After lowering the upper edge of the spring-loaded piston 204 below the inlet of the exhaust channel 213, the spent powder gases will rush through it and along the radial channels 231, 232 into the inner space of the tubing and then up to the exhaust to the surface of the earth. After exhaust gas exhaust, the spring-loaded piston 204 moves upward, sucking the working agent into the chamber 206 through the valve 207 through the channel 214, the annular groove 221, the channels 222 from the space between the tubing and the wall of the drill string 217. The valves 208 are closed. If a single powder charge 218 was not enough, then using the tubing from the surface of the earth, the housing 224 together with the sleeve 223 are released from the mount and lifted up to the surface of the earth. Here, a powder charge of greater power is fixed to the housing 224 and lowered by a tubing to the depth of placement, where it is fixed to the housing 220 by longitudinal movement and rotation. Then, operations are repeated with this charge until hydraulic fracturing is performed. Hydraulic fracturing is fixed by the speed of movement of the spring-loaded piston 204 at the final stage of its movement. The hydraulic fracturing equipment is removed from the well by first lifting the body 224 and then the drill string, which includes a high-pressure chamber 206. It should be noted that after hydraulic fracturing, its inflow test is carried out by somewhat relaxing the compression of the packers 205, in which the spring-loaded spool 241 opens the radial channel 242 and the fluid coming from the formation passes into the annulus between the tubing and the drill string.

 A device using a powder charge 218 also allows a simplified version with the exception of the spring-loaded piston 204 (Fig. 21) and the killing of the channel 213 (Fig. 22), when the pressure of the powder gases will be distributed directly to the surface of the fluid in the drill string itself during packing by loading it with the surface of the earth (Fig.23).

 The level of fluid in the drill string before and after the combustion of the powder charge 218 is used to judge the volume of cracks that appear after hydraulic fracturing.

Claims (6)

 1. A method of hydraulic fracturing and increasing the permeability of rocks, including drilling a well to a predetermined depth, testing the formation for inflow, placing a ground-based pumping unit at the wellhead to supply a working agent to the well opening a mineral layer, impact with shock waves using a hydraulic shock device, and with their transmission through a liquid waveguide in the well with subsequent rotation of the wave from the reflector into the formation, characterized in that it is additionally on the walls of the well within the thickness of interest the formation is performed by the upper and lower circumferential and rectilinear stress concentrators using a cutting tool previously lowered into the well, removed to the surface of the earth after their guidance, then lowered into the well as part of a drill string with a system of radial and longitudinal channels, a spool device, a sleeve, a spring-loaded valve and a double a packer designed to isolate one of the district stress concentrators above and below it, and then lowered as a part of tubing - tubing with a system radial and longitudinal channels, a spring-loaded bushing sub, a hydraulic shock device, a multiplier pump, a high-pressure receiver with a controllable relief valve - a high pressure generator - a power hydraulic cylinder with a directional pressure switch in its housing until the radial and longitudinal systems are brought into functional communication channels and the listed devices as part of the drill string and as part of the tubing and include in the work using a ground pump unit hydraulic shock device, the decisive role of the hydraulic drive of the multiplier pump for supplying the working agent to the high-pressure receiver, upon reaching the calculated limit value of which it is automatically and cyclically dumped into the intrapacker space; after reaching the required pressure of the working agent in the inner packer spaces, its value is increased with the help of a hydraulic shock device and a ground-based pumping unit, during which the upper spring-loaded step piston is shifted down and its position inside the directional switch is fixed, as a result of which the pressure in the inner packer spaces is locked and the channel opens to an isolated circular stress concentrator and forcing pressure in it from a high-pressure receiver to produce anal tech hydropercussion device via terrestrial and pump unit to fracturing, are working agent pressure in the circumferential stress concentrator, since the pressure is locked and fixed during vnutripakernyh spaces lowered lower than inside the packer; hydraulic fracturing is recorded by a sharp drop in pressure during injection of the working agent using a ground-based pumping unit; after hydraulic fracturing, the latches of the upper spring-loaded step piston of the directional pressure switch are released using the pressure applied to the lower edge of the lower spring-loaded step piston-detacher, and the pressure is released in the inner packer spaces and they are connected with the under-packer and over-packer spaces, after which the device takes its original state and it is moved along the well so that the packers isolate another circumferential concentration with their sealing elements Rathore stress and all the action with him repeating similar actions with the first circumferential stress concentrator; after that, the device is removed to the surface of the earth and the device is equipped with two pairs of packers designed to simultaneously isolate the upper and lower circumferential stress concentrators and to produce hydraulic fracturing along rectilinear stress concentrators on the borehole walls, the implementation of which is similar to hydraulic fracturing in the plane of the circumferential stress concentrator; after hydraulic fracturing along rectilinear stress concentrators on the walls of the well, the expansion zone is decompressed in macro-volumes and permeability is increased with the elimination of closed porosity by cyclic hydro-pulse exposure using the pressure of the working agent automatically released by the high pressure receiver when it is pumped by the multiplier pump; vertical cracks do not extend beyond cracks in horizontal planes.  2. Equipment for hydraulic fracturing and increasing rock permeability, including a liquid waveguide in the form of tubing, a power wave generator for transmitting vibrations along a liquid waveguide, a hydraulic hammer or hydraulic hammer with the possibility of its reciprocating movement with a valve and a striker and a high nozzle pressure of the working agent-water, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a spring-loaded retractable cutting tool with a flywheel for lowering into the well, for production on its walls approx of straight and straight stress concentrators, when controlled from the surface of the earth, and removing this tool from the well after performing stress concentrators, while the cutting tool has the possibility of constant or variable radii of application of the reaction forces of the resulting jets of the working agent - water, has mechanical connections in the form of bearings rolling or hydraulic connections such as hydraulic lubrication for rotating the flywheel with the cutting tool in a floating mode without noise and vibration; a deflecting device for pressing the cutting tool against the borehole wall and controlling it from the surface of the earth, and tubing pipes on the surface of the earth are equipped with a protractor for producing straight-line stress concentrators on the borehole walls with a given angle between them.  3. Equipment for hydraulic fracturing and increasing the permeability of rocks, including a sleeve, a spring-loaded valve, placed as part of the drill string in the in-pipe space, equipped with radial and longitudinal channels, one pair of packers placed on the outer surface of the bodies as part of the drill string, power hydraulic cylinder - high pressure generator, sub for functional communication, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a spool device as part of the drill string, in its inner tube space and adjacent from the bottom to the lower end of the sleeve, interacting with a spring-loaded valve located above the sleeve and designed to provide hydraulic communication between the inside of the packer spaces and the high pressure generator, with the packer and packer spaces using radial and longitudinal channels, made in the cylindrical wall of the housings as part of the drill string, power hydraulic cylinder - high pressure generator, placed in the pump-compressor weed pipes - tubing, higher relative to the spring-loaded valve and rigidly connected to the upstream multiplier pump, which in turn is rigidly connected to the upstream hydraulic shock device, and the hydraulic shock device is rigidly connected to the upstream sub, and the upper edge of the sub is rigidly connected to the tubing, as part of the housing in the lower part of the power hydraulic cylinder, a directional pressure switch is rigidly mounted, in the housing wall of which radial and longitudinal channels are made for supplying the working agent to packers, in the area of interpacker space, in the directional pressure switch to restore it to its original state, designed to lock the preset pressure of the working agent in the upper and lower packers and then open the channels with the direction from the power hydraulic cylinder to the region of the circumferential stress concentrator for hydraulic fracturing, to discharge pressure in the inner packer spaces after hydraulic fracturing using a longitudinal channel made in the side walls of the body Bottom up and down the sub, the hydraulic shock device, the multiplier pump, the power hydraulic cylinder, the directional pressure switch and the spring-loaded sleeve with the axial channel and seals blocked in the sub by the hydraulic fracturing with the possibility of its opening after the hydraulic fracturing to supply pressure of the working agent to the lower the edge of the spring-loaded step piston-detacher, designed to unfasten the latches of the upper spring-loaded step piston of the track lane breakers and subsequent communication vnutripakernyh spaces via the spool device and packer nadpakernym spaces and with the interior of the tubing for discharging the working pressure agent.  4. Equipment for hydraulic fracturing and increasing the permeability of rocks according to claim 3, characterized in that during hydraulic fracturing along rectilinear stress concentrators on the walls of the well after hydraulic fracturing in two planes of circumferential stress concentrators on the walls of the well within the test formation, it is additionally equipped two pairs of packers designed to isolate cracks in horizontal planes, and their inner packer spaces are hydraulically interconnected, and the channel okogo pressure zone displayed in the two middle spaces mezhpakernogo packers.  5. Equipment for hydraulic fracturing and increasing the permeability of rocks, including a power hydraulic cylinder, a pressure chamber, suction and exhaust valves of the working agent, a hollow spring-loaded piston, a sealing element - a packer device, a drill string, tubing - tubing, casing with perforations and cement grouting ring, spool device, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a powder charge, under the explosion of which the pressure of the powder gases is distributed is mounted on a hollow spring-loaded piston pivotally connected to a pressure chamber containing suction and exhaust valves of the working agent, an exhaust channel for exhaust powder gases, which is connected to the interior of the tubing, and a working cylinder designed to move a hollow spring-loaded piston containing a housing, rigidly connected to the housing of the pressure chamber, as part of the drill string; a powder charge is placed in the cavity of the high-pressure chamber inside the housing of the working cylinder above the hollow spring-loaded piston; the working cylinder body is equipped with an annular groove and a channel hydraulically connected with the space enclosed between the wall of the drill string and tubing, and a pressure chamber; the cartridge of the powder charge is rigidly attached with its upper edge to the lower edge of the housing as part of the tubing, rigidly fixed in the housing of the working cylinder and sealed with ring seals; a capsule is placed in the upper part of the cartridge, and a spring-loaded striker with a conical head fixed on its upper part intended for gripping, lowered from the surface of the earth, is located in the lower part of the body as part of the tubing; the housing of the working cylinder and the housing as part of the tubing are equipped with radial channels for pneumatic communication with the exhaust channel of the spent powder gases and the inner space of the tubing; the housing of the high-pressure chamber on its outer surface is equipped with a sleeve pivotally connected to the glass, designed to support the bottom of the well; in the walls of the housing, the sleeve and the glass, T-grooves are made for the heads of the fixed bolts for the possibility of articulation and movement in the longitudinal direction when compressing the sealing elements - packers; the glass is equipped with radial channels designed for hydraulic communication with perforations in the casing, cement grouting ring, test formation within its thickness; the wall of the housing of the pressure chamber from the side of its lower edge is equipped with a spring-loaded spool with a protrusion, the cavity of which is hydraulically connected with the closed volume of the under-packer space using a radial channel in the body wall and with the annular over-packer space of the drill string, which includes the body, using another channel ; the protrusion of the spring-loaded spool is intended for contact with the bottom of the cup and with the possibility of moving the protrusion of the spring-loaded spool up to block the radial channel as the packers deform by moving the drill string under the necessary design force from the earth's surface and subsequent blowing up the powder charge, and when testing the formation for inflow after hydraulic fracturing by reducing the force on the drill string with the ability to move the protrusion of the spring-loaded spool down to open the channel nadpakernoe annular space.  6. Equipment for hydraulic fracturing and increasing the permeability of rocks using a powder charge according to claim 5, characterized in that it can be simplified by eliminating the hollow spring-loaded piston and silencing the exhaust channel of the powder gases.

Images