RU2211171C1 - Air induction device for submarine diesel engines - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: shipbuilding; devices for delivery of air to submarine diesel engines. SUBSTANCE: proposed device includes supporting guiding apparatus, retractable mast with lock and float valve and hydraulic hoist. Guiding apparatus is made in form of truss provided with guide uprights mounted on foundation of pressure hull. Retractable mast is provided with shoes in its lower portion which move over guide uprights. Upper portion of truss is provided with bracket on which air induction pipe is secured; said pipe is connected with retractable mast by means of adapter branch pipe. Mast lock is provided with hydraulic drive. Hydraulic hoist is located inside retractable mast. Radio absorbing coat is applied on external surface of retractable mast and float valve. Proposed device may be used both in surface position and at periscope depth of submarine. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to shipbuilding, and in particular to equipment for supplying air to diesel engines and the ventilation system of a diesel submarine / PL /.

 A known system for supplying air to diesels and the air duct of the RDP system, which includes an air supply device. This device serves to supply air to the compartments only at the periscope depth of the submarine. The design feature of this device is that it has a large height and is located in the fence of the retractable devices / OVU / and in the compartment of the durable case / PC /. In the OVU there is a retractable air shaft / mast / with a float valve installed on it and the upper part of the fixed air shaft, and the lower part of the fixed air shaft through the gate on the PC passes into the submarine compartment. The device through a fixed shaft in its middle part is attached to the PC chair, and in its upper part to the OVU (prototype, see "Submarine Design" by S. N. Prasolov, M. B. Amitin, p. 274, Military Publishing House, 1973) .

 To raise the retractable air shaft, the device is equipped with a hydraulic hoist, consisting of a housing mounted on a PC and a movable rod located inside the housing, the upper end of which is connected to the lower end of the retractable mast. The connection of the rod to the hydraulic lift housing is sealed with a package of rubber o-rings, and the connection of the rod to the stationary shaft with an oil seal. When lifting, hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic system is supplied to the hydraulic lift housing. The stem extends from the body and raises a retractable mast with a float valve.

 The extendable mast moves in bronze guide bushings mounted in a fixed air shaft. Lowering takes place under the weight of the retractable mast and other moving parts. To prevent accidental lowering, the retractable mast in its highest position is placed on a special cam stop, which has a manual drive from the submarine compartment.

The disadvantages of the described device RDP is the following:
1. The device provides air supply only at the periscope depth of the submarine, and in the above-water position air is supplied through the air supply box to the diesels, made in the form of a partition in the OVU casing, through a separate pipeline with a flap.

 2. Retractable air shaft (mast) is made in the form of a round pipe, which has a large hydraulic resistance, and the resulting hydrodynamic overloads do not allow to increase the speed of the submarine more than 8-10 knots. In addition, the round tube leaves a very noticeable foam mark on the surface of the water, which unmasks the submarine. The air shaft (mast) is made of steel and is susceptible to corrosion and therefore it must be constantly lubricated to prevent it and reduce friction. In addition, the air shaft (mast) moves in bronze bushings, which does not allow to apply a radar absorbing coating on its outer surface to protect it from detection by enemy radar stations, which significantly reduces the stealth of submarines.

 3. The device has large dimensions and weight and, located in the OVU and in the central compartment, significantly constrains it. For passage of a fixed air shaft into a compartment in a robust casing, a large scale and mass need to be brewed, and a strong and rigid foundation under the hydraulic lift casing. Attaching a fixed shaft to the housing of the OVU complicates the installation of the device and does not exclude misalignment due to the impact on the device of the housing of the OVU.

 The objective of the present invention is to provide a single air supply device consumed by operating diesel engines and a ventilation system both in the above-water position and at the periscope depth of the submarine, having a mast (retractable air shaft) of a well streamlined profile with the provision of applying a radar absorbing coating on its outer surface and completely located in OVU.

 The tasks are solved by the fact that in the known air supply device containing a support-guide apparatus, a retractable mast with a stopper and a float valve, the hydraulic lift support-guide apparatus is made in the form of a truss with guide racks mounted on the foundation of a strong body, while the retractable mast in the lower part is equipped with shoes with the ability to move them along the guide racks, and a hole is made in the bottom of the retractable mast for draining water from it or filling it with water, while the upper part The frame is equipped with a bracket on which an air intake pipe is fixed, connected by means of a transition pipe to a retractable mast, while the mast stop is equipped with a hydraulic drive, and a hydraulic lift is installed inside the retractable mast.

 In addition, the mast of such a device has a profile that is well streamlined in the water stream and there is a protective radar coating on the outer surface of the mast and float valve. The invention is illustrated by drawings.

 Figure 1 shows a General view of the device with a raised mast.

 Figure 2 shows a General view of the device with the mast down.

 In FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional profile of a mast and a support-guide truss.

 The air supply device for diesels consists of the following main units: retractable mast 1 with a float valve 2 at its upper end and fixed: support-guide truss 3 with an air intake pipe 4, stopper 5 with its drive - a hydraulic machine 6 and a hydraulic lift 7.

 The mast 1 of the device serves to supply air at the periscope depth of the submarine and is a pipe with a well streamlined cross-sectional profile and in the considered embodiment has the shape of a double segment / 3 /. Four shoes 8 are welded in the lower part of the mast at a distance of approximately 1/3 of its length, in which the bearing shells 9 are fixed and with which the mast slides along the guide posts of the truss 3. The shells 9 are made of material with a low coefficient of friction and not requiring its lubricant. A pipe 10 is installed in the center of the mast, rigidly connected by means of ribs to the outer shell of the mast, in which the hydraulic jack 7 is located. Between the shoes 8, a pipe 11 is rigidly connected to the mast through the adapter 8, connecting the mast to the air intake pipe 4. The outer surface of the mast and the float valve body with a cover-coaming applied radar absorbing coating / RPP /. To drain the water after lifting the mast and filling with water when lowering, there is a hole in the bottom of the mast.

 The support-guide farm 3 provides the movement of the mast 1 when raising and lowering and perceives hydrodynamic loads from the flow of water flowing around the mast. Farm 3 consists of four support posts 12, interconnected by transverse and longitudinal ribs / 3 /. To the posts 12, through the insulating plastic 13, the guide posts 14 made of titanium are mounted, along which the bearings of the mast 1 slide. At the top of the truss there is a bracket on which the air intake pipe 4 is fixed; below the farm is equipped with a base plate through which it is attached to the foundation on a sturdy housing.

 The air intake pipe 4 is made of titanium and serves to supply air in the above-water position of the submarine, for which there is an air inlet in the upper part, and the pipe 4 at the bottom ends with a flange for connecting the air supply pipe.

 The stop 5 bracket is attached to the uprights 12 and serves to hold the mast in a raised position. The main detail of the stopper 5 is the stopper pipe 15, which in the lowered position of the mast 1 is in a vertical position, and after lifting the mast with a hydraulic machine 6 through the rod 16 is rotated in the bearings of the bracket in a horizontal position under the bottom of the mast to hold it. Since the locking of the hydraulic machine is done by moving its crank over the dead point, even with a sudden drop in pressure in the hydraulic system, the stopper-pipe will not lower and will keep the mast in a raised position. Through the stopper, the water also drains from the mast after it has been lifted, for which it is hollow. In horizontal position, the hole in the stopper pipe is aligned with the hole in the bottom of the mast, and the stopper pipe is connected to the pipe to which the drain pipe is connected.

 The hydraulic machine 6 of a standard design in the extreme positions of the pistons is stopped by the crank pass through the dead center and is selected from the condition of providing the necessary effort to hold the mast.

 The hydraulic lift 7 serves to lift the mast and to reduce the dimensions of the device / height / installed in the mast. The hydraulic lift 7 consists of a movable cylinder 17, attached to the bottom of the mast 1, and a fixed rod 18, through the support ring attached to the top of the robust housing.

 The device operates as follows.

 In the above-water position of the submarine / Fig.2/, the working fluid from the hydraulic lift is drained, the mast 1 with the adapter pipe 11 is lowered, the air inlet is open and air through the pipe 4 enters the compartment through the air supply pipe.

 At the periscope depth of the submarine, for raising the mast, the working fluid is supplied from the hydraulic system to the hydraulic lift rod 18, with its pressure cylinder 17 lifts the mast 1 up to the stop with the pipe 11 into the cover of the receiving pipe 4 and the truss bracket 3. Then, with the hydraulic machine 6, the stopper pipe 15 is rotated through the rod 16 in a horizontal position under the bottom of the mast, the pressure of the working fluid in the hydraulic jack is removed and the mast sits on the stopper pipe 15. After the submarine is at a depth at which the float valve is above the water level, water is drained from morning cavity mast 1, air intake conduit pipe 4 and the air supply piping for the drain and the device is ready to feed air in submarines. When sailing a submarine at a periscope depth, a small amount of water that the float valve does not have time to catch enters the water trap between the mast bottom and nozzle 11 and is discharged through a drain pipe.

 To lower the mast with a hydraulic machine 6, the stopper pipe 15 is rotated to a horizontal position, the mast through the hole in the bottom is filled with water and lowered to the stop by the shank of the hydraulic lift cylinder 17 in the support ring of the rod 18 on the top of the PC. At the same time, the sealing rings are additionally crimped by the weight of the retractable mast 1 and the water pressure, thereby reliably sealing the hydraulic jack from the ingress of water into the hydraulic cavity and from the ingress of water into the compartment.

 Calculation of vibration resistance and model tests of the streamlined mast mast showed that the proposed device can be used at submarine speeds of up to 20 knots with sea waves up to 5 points.

 The support-guide farm of the considered design allows the use of a retractable mast of a streamlined profile with a radar absorbing coating applied to its outer surface and the outer surface of the float valve, which significantly increases the stealth of the submarine. The farm does not have a fastening to the OVU case, but is attached only to a strong case, which not only simplifies the installation of the device on the submarine, but also eliminates the misalignment of the device due to deformations caused by residual welding voltage of the OVU case through the fastenings to the OVU case, and deformations caused by the flow of water around the OVU.

 Using a rotary stopper pipe with remote hydraulic drive allows not only to automate the operations of raising and lowering the mast, but also to simplify and speed them up. For example, to lower the mast, it is enough only to shift the stopper pipe to a vertical position, which is essential when urgently diving a submarine.

 A device having a retractable mast with a transition pipe and an air intake pipe provides air supply both at the periscope depth and in the surface position of the submarine. This allows you to abandon the surface air supply pipe with a shaft and flap.

 Installing a hydraulic lift inside the mast allows you to almost halve the height of the device and completely place it in the OVU, and only the stopper hydraulic machine is located in the compartment. This reduces the tightness of the central compartment, eliminates the foundation for a hydraulic lift and a chair for a fixed air shaft, which has large dimensions and weight and is time-consuming to manufacture and weld into a sturdy case.

Claims (2)

 1. An air supply device for diesels of a submarine, comprising a support-guide apparatus, a retractable mast with a stopper and a float valve, a hydraulic lift, characterized in that the support-guide apparatus is made in the form of a truss with guide racks mounted on the foundation of a sturdy hull, with a retractable the mast in its lower part is equipped with shoes with the possibility of their movement along the guide racks, a hole is made in the bottom of the mast for draining water from it or filling it with water, while the upper part of the truss is equipped ronshteynom on which is fixed the air admission pipe is connected with an adapter sleeve with extendable mast, wherein the mast is provided with a stopper hydraulic drive and is arranged inside hydrolift extendable mast.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a radar absorbing coating is applied to the outer surface of the retractable mast and float valve.

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