RU2207479C2 - Self-loading pistol - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapon, applicable in self-loading pistols. SUBSTANCE: the pistol has a symmetric body, positioned in which under the barrel before the magazine is the extractable hammer-type trigger mechanism with a preliminary squeezing of the firing spring and introduction of the hammer to the zone of a probable strike on the primer cap. The magazine is positioned at a right angle to the bore and shifted to the rear part of the handle, which made it possible to lengthen the barrel and fit the return spring on it. Locking of the barrel, due to its tapered shape, is accomplished at its short travel and displacement of the breech in the vertical plane. The pistol has a two-sided extractor of empty cases, which is a single component and switched over during disassembly of the pistol or without it. The breechblock is directed, restricted in motion and shock-absorbed by spring shock absorber, which is a detachable component of the pistol handle. EFFECT: simplified construction of the pistol made it possible to use the modular principle of its assembly and use of cartridges up to 30 mm long and up 11 mm in diameter. 18 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to small arms.

Modern models of self-loading (automatic) pistols are known, the designs of which are based on the inventions of D.M. Browning. They are characterized by a combination of the following essential features:
1. The trigger mechanism is located in the rear upper part of the gun frame.

 2. The return spring is located under the barrel, which is closed by a short stroke and vertical movement of the breech.

 3. The tilt magazine is located in front of the handle.

 4. The trigger is located under the barrel and is connected to the trigger mechanism by a rod or lever.

 References: A.E. Khartink. Encyclopedia "Pistols and revolvers", A.B. Bug. Handbook of Small Arms, Master Gun 42, 49/2000

 The prototype of the invention is a self-loading pistol RU 2049977 C1, 04/26/1993, class. F 41 C 3/00 (1).

 Prototypes have flaws. They have a complex structure with a relatively short barrel, in which there is no room for an effective shock absorber recoil shutter. The prototypes in the compact version have a small distance from the bottom of the trigger guard to the bottom of the handle ZIG-SauerP239-60 mm, Beretta 9000 S-50 mm, which makes it difficult to place three fingers while holding.

 The aim of the invention is to create a system of self-loading pistol, which, remaining in the dimensions 160 • 122 • 28 would be a system with a locking barrel and would surpass prototypes by the simplicity of the device, barrel length, magazine capacity.

 The system should not have rods and levers running across the store, an effective shock absorber of the shutter-casing should be included in it. The system should have a double-sided ejector that provides ejection of cartridges in both directions, to facilitate firing from both hands. The body of the gun must be symmetrical, only the button for switching the ejection of shells, the two-sided button for extracting the magazine and the trigger must remain on it. In this case, the trigger mechanism of the new system must be removable and ensure the safety of handling the gun. The design of the gun should allow its use as a module for the use of various ammunition type 9 • 19; 9 • 21; 9 • 21 (IMI); 40 Smith-Wesson and others, the length of which does not exceed 30 mm, by replacing the barrel, magazine, shutter, trigger. The system must allow its restructuring into a system with a free gate.

 The essence of the invention is to create a trigger mechanism for pre-loading the mainspring with the introduction of a trigger into the zone of a possible strike on the capsule and placing this trigger mechanism under the barrel in front of the magazine (Fig. 3). The trigger mechanism and bolt delay (24) are controlled by one trigger (26). The trigger mechanism does not need a fuse (11, 12).

 This technical solution eliminates the traction between the trigger and the trigger mechanism, which are a feature of the prototypes. The absence of rods allows the use of an efficient and reliable magazine (37) with a staggered arrangement of cartridges. In this case, the thickness of the pistol with a magazine for cartridges 40 Smith-Wesson does not exceed 28 mm (figure 4). In addition, it became possible to isolate the trigger mechanism along with the trigger in a separate extractable and replaceable node (11, 12, 13, 17).

 Placing the trigger mechanism in the space under the barrel in front of the magazine allows you to place the magazine at right angles to the axis of the barrel with the shift of its neck to the rear of the handle (figure 3), which in turn makes it possible to increase the relative length of the barrel (12), which significantly exceeds this value in prototypes by 20% or more, if used in weapons with a free shutter, where the barrel does not move backwards.

 The increased barrel length made it possible to put the return spring (10) on the locking barrel, and set a stop (9) around the barrel for it, which are part of the pistol frame. This is a hallmark of the system (Fig. 7).

 In the design of the pistol, the barrel is locked with the shutter-casing (11) by means of their joint short forward stroke with the rise of the breech of the barrel along the bevels of the frame (Fig. 8). The closure is performed by the protrusions (8) located on the upper part of the barrel above the chamber. The movement of the breech in the vertical plane became possible after the front of the barrel was conical with the front wide side of the cone shifted down and a return spring was used, the inner diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the wide part of the barrel. Between the barrel and the spring, a space has formed, which allows the breech of the barrel to move without displacing the spring (Fig. 3, 8). A wide part of the conical surface of the barrel is securely fixed by the clutch-shutter-casing.

 The bolt released from the striker (4) is used to arrange a channel and a groove for the bolt guide therein, the role of which is played by the upper part of the shock absorber spring (1) of the shutter-cover recoil, which is also a reflection of spent cartridges, a shop window, and the back of the handle fixing cheeks of the handle, and has in its tides two symmetrically located holes for fastening the belt (Fig. 14). The shock absorber has a symmetrical shape. There is no such shock absorber in prototype models.

 A double-sided extractor (6) is placed in the groove and grooves of the shutter-casing, which is one part having two teeth that protrude on the gun body and are the extractor switching buttons and a spring clip (Fig. 10). The design of the extractor allows you to switch the ejection of spent cartridges from one side to the other (Fig.7). The shutter-casing has two windows for ejecting sleeves, which allows you to save the aiming bar and to hide the gun mechanism from clogging (Fig.6). The gun has a symmetrical housing (figure 1, 2). Prototypes do not have a symmetrical body and a double-sided ejector, which makes them difficult to use when shooting with both hands. The distance from the bottom of the trigger guard to the bottom of the handle is 70 mm.

 The design of the gun provides for its use as a module for the use of various ammunition type 9 • 19, 9 • 21, 9 • 21 (IMI). 40 Smith-Wesson, the length of which does not exceed 30 mm, by replacing the barrel, magazine, shutter, trigger. The system allows its restructuring into a system with a free shutter. Dimensions of the gun 160 • 122 • 28.

 Parts of the gun are made of steel of the corresponding grades. The frame can be made of light alloys or plastic. The cheeks of the handle (48, 49 of Fig. 4) can be of various shapes and are made of plastic or wood. The gun consists of 35 parts, including axles and springs.

 Parts specification.

 1 - shock absorber, 2 - rear sight, 3 - reflective protrusion of the shock absorber, 4 - bolt, 5 - bolt pin, 6 - ejector (extractor), 7 - locking recesses of the bolt shield, 8 - locking protrusions of the barrel, 9 - spring return stop, 10 - return spring, 11 - shutter cover, 12 - barrel, 13 - front sight, 14 - frame, 15 - clip of the trigger mechanism, 16 - clip holder, 17 - axis of the clip holder, 18 - axis of the trigger, 19 - trigger spring a hook, 20 - a sear, 21 - a trigger protrusion of a trigger, 22 - a trigger protrusion of a sear, 23 - a trigger cock, 24 - shutter lag , 25 - the axis of the staple spring, 26 - the trigger, 27 - the axis of the trigger, 28 - the staple of the war spring, 29 - the axis of the staples to the spring, 30 - the trigger, 31 - the tooth of the slide delay, 32 - the trigger, 33 - store eject button, 34 - magazine lock, 35 - axis of magazine lock, 36 - trigger release latch, 37 - magazine case, 38 - mainspring, 39 - mainspring tooth, 40 - magazine cover, 41 - lock plate, 42 - spring magazine, 43 - shock absorbing part of the shock absorber, 44 - locking tabs of the retainer of the store, 45 - feeder store, 46 - shoulders of the shock absorber, 47 - protrusions of the frame, 48 - the right cheek of the handle, 49 - the left cheek of the handle, 50 - the guiding protrusions of the frame, 51 - the guides of the trigger guard, 52 - cocking levers of the trigger, 53 - cocking protrusions of the barrel, 54 - working edge whispered, 55 - emphasis shutter lag, 56 - front protrusion of the trigger, 57 - tooth clip USM.

 The device is presented in the drawings, where Figs. 1, 2 show views of the left and right; figure 3-6 - projection and sections; 7-10, - sections and projection of the extractor; 11-13 - sections of the trigger; on Fig.14-16 - shock absorber, bolt delay, trigger spring; on Fig - incomplete disassembly; on Fig is a view in axonometric projection.

Work
The constructive solution of the self-loading pistol includes a trigger system (Fig. 11, 12, 13), in which fire and bolt delay (24) are controlled by the trigger (26).

 The trigger mechanism of this system is assembled on a clip (15), which is bounded from above and guided by the protrusions of the frame (50), and from below is pressed by the guides (51) of the trigger guard (32), which acts as a spring, the latch (36) of which is the latch protrusion magazine (34), mounted in it on the axis (35).

 This protrusion is simultaneously the shoulder through which the bracket acts on the magazine latch.

 A pistol with an equipped magazine (37) and a completed cartridge is safe to handle, since the trigger mechanism assembled on the cage is pushed by the mainspring (38) through the mainspring bracket (28) with the platoon levers (52) resting on the protrusions (53) barrel (12) and turning the trigger (30) to the front position (Fig. 3, 11), where the trigger does not reach the cartridge capsule, and the mainspring is partially unloaded.

 In order to fire, you need to push the trigger, which will turn on the axis (18), its front protrusion (56) will lower, making room for the clip retainer (16), and its trigger protrusion (21) will go beyond the trigger protrusion (22 ) whispered. After that, the trigger will rest against the clip and will move back with it, forcing the mainspring and moving the trigger to the zone of possible impact on the cartridge capsule (Fig. 12, 13). When the clip moves back to the stop, the clip of the clip, under the influence of the trigger spring (19), will lower behind the tooth of the clip (57). The sear at this time rests against the tooth of the cocking cock of the trigger (23) against the working face (54) and keeps it from rotating.

 Now you need to release the trigger to its tangible stop with the front protrusion in the clip holder. Before this, the trigger protrusion will come out from under the trigger of the sear, which, under the influence of the trigger, will shift in its ellipse hole on the axis of the trigger (27), bending the end of the trigger spring. The triggers of the sear and the trigger will combine. After that, you can shoot with a short stroke of the trigger back to the stop and releasing it forward to a tangible stop in the clip retainer.

 At the time of the shot, the shutter-casing (11) together with the barrel makes a short stroke back. When retreating, the trunk abuts against the bevels (58) (Fig. 13) of the frame and its breech part is lowered along them, leaving its protrusions (8) from the recesses (7) in the shutter-casing.

 At the same time, the trunk loses the ability to move back, because goes beyond the bevels of the frame along which it will climb. Stepping back, the barrel acts with its protrusions on the cocking levers of the trigger and cocking it. The shutter-casing continues to retreat, compressing the return spring (2). When the bottom of the spent sleeve hits the protrusion (3), the shock absorber guide (1) will be thrown to the right or left side depending on the position of the double-sided extractor (6). The shutter-casing, reaching the end, will hit the shock absorber guide. Since the shock absorber is a two-arm spring, it will move back due to the bending of the shock-absorbing part (43).

 The shoulders of the shock absorber (46) will abut against the protrusions (47) of the frame (14) and will give it an extended and softened recoil of the shutter-casing.

 The shutter-casing under the action of the return spring will go forward, sending the cartridge into the chamber, will make a joint short stroke forward with the barrel, during which the breech of the barrel will rise along the bevels of the frame, and the protrusions of the barrel will enter the recesses of the shutter-casing. The gun is ready for the next shot. To produce the next shot, you need to release the trigger to a tangible stop and press it again.

 According to the spent cartridges, the store feeder (45), under the action of the store spring (42), raises the shutter lag (24), which at the moment the shutter-casing leaves the last shot rises, entering with its tooth (31) into the groove of the shutter-casing. The shutter-casing will be locked in the rear position. In this case, the stop bolt stop (55) (Figs. 11, 12, 13) abuts against the trigger protrusion of the trigger. The sear at this time is pushed away in its ellipse hole on the axis of the trigger under the influence of the trigger spring and its trigger protrusion does not rest against the trigger protrusion of the trigger. Now you need to release the trigger. He will turn on the axis and the trigger protrusion will come out from under the stop bolt stop, which, due to the shutter-casing, will move forward in its elliptical hole, compressing the end of the trigger spring. The store is being changed.

 To close the shutter and send cartridges, you need to press the trigger all the way. In this case, the trigger protrusion of the trigger will press the stop bolt that is compatible with it, which will turn on the axis and release the shutter-casing. That, in turn, will go forward under the influence of a return spring, send the cartridge to the chamber and close the barrel. After the bolt delay is freed from the action of the shutter-casing, it will move back under the action of the end of the trigger spring, shifting by an ellipse hole on the axis of the trigger. Here, she rests her tooth on the bevel of the frame, where she will be fixed until the next raising of the spent cartridges. The sear at this time will shift on the axis of the trigger with its ellipse hole under the influence of the trigger protrusion (23) of the trigger on the working face of the sear (54). The whisper trigger will align with the trigger trigger.

 Now you can either continue firing with a short stroke of the trigger, or release the trigger. In this case, the trigger, turning on its axis under the influence of its spring, raises the clip retainer from the tooth of the clip (57). The clip will move forward with the rotating trigger under the influence of a war spring, which will partially unload. In this position, the trigger mechanism is safe, since it is removed from the zone of possible impact on the capsule.

 Thus, shooting from a pistol boils down to pre-pressing the trigger all the way and then releasing it to a tangible stop and firing shots or shots before the ammunition is used up.

 After replacing the magazine by pressing the trigger all the way, the shutter-casing is closed, and the shooting can be continued in the usual manner. At any time, you can release the trigger completely and the gun will automatically be brought into a safe state with the trigger pulled out of the zone of possible impact on the capsule.

Incomplete disassembly of the gun (Fig) is performed in the following sequence:
1) Separate the store.

 2) Having pressed a combat spring protruding at the bottom of the handle and moving its tooth (39), release the edge of the shock absorber window and take it back.

 3) Separate the cheeks of the handle.

 4) Having lifted the rear part of the shutter-casing up together with the shock absorber, move it forward and, taking the shock-absorber out of the groove of the shutter-casing, remove it from the barrel together with the return spring.

 5) Separate the barrel by removing it from the stop (9) of the return spring.

 Assembling the gun after incomplete disassembly is carried out in the reverse order.

To extract the trigger mechanism:
1) Remove the store.

 2) Use your finger to press on the locking tabs (44) of the magazine lock until it stops. In this case, the latch, like a lever, will squeeze the bottom of the spring trigger guard.

 3) Turning the trigger mechanism downwards, remove it together with the mainspring and bolt delay, for the conclusion of which there is a special groove.

 The trigger mechanism is installed in the reverse order.

Claims (1)

 A self-loading pistol containing a frame, a bolt, a shutter cover, a barrel, a return spring, a magazine, a trigger mechanism, an ejection of spent cartridges, characterized in that the pistol body is symmetrical, the trigger mechanism is configured to preload the mainspring and trigger in the zone of possible impact on the capsule and is located under the barrel in front of the store, placed at right angles to the axis of the barrel channel, the return spring is put on the locking barrel, the ejector of spent cartridges is made double-sided, while the gun is equipped with a spring recoil shock absorber, which is a removable part of the pistol grip and serves to guide, restrict movement and cushion the bolt, repel spent cartridges, fix the grip handles and mount the pistol belt.

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