RU220417U1 - UNIT FOR RING INITIATION OF DETONATION WAVE OF CUMULATIVE WAR UNIT - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of explosive technology and can be used in the design and manufacture of explosive devices, including cumulative warheads. The unit for the annular initiation of the detonation wave of the cumulative warhead contains the end part of the main explosive charge of the cumulative warhead, a cylindrical body, an inert insert, a transfer charge made using an explosive material with high detonation ability based on an explosive with a small critical diameter, a fuse and a channel. The channel is located coaxially with the cumulative funnel. The transfer charge consists of a sheet explosive charge in the form of a disk of constant thickness and a ring charge of stepped shape. The inert insert consists of materials of different densities located across an air gap. The inert insert and the transfer charge are structurally combined and are located in a cylindrical housing, while the transfer charge covers the inert insert along the top and side surfaces. A disk-shaped explosive sheet charge of constant thickness initiates a step-shaped ring explosive charge through 16 equidistant holes. The useful model makes it possible to reduce the curvature of the detonation wave front due to the annular initiation of the detonation wave of the cumulative warhead; improve the quality of the charge in terms of density differences due to the compact arrangement of the transfer charge and the inert insert (lens) in one housing, which is installed at the end of the charge; increase the active part of the shaped charge involved in the formation of the shaped charge by moving the body of the ring initiation unit to the end of the charge; expand the scope of application for molded and molded shaped charges due to the compact arrangement of the transfer charge and the inert insert (lens) in one housing, which is installed at the end of the charge.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of explosive technology and can be used in the design and manufacture of explosive devices, including cumulative warheads.

An initiating device for a shaped charge is known (Great Britain patent No. 2257774, published 01/93/20), containing a fuse, a transfer charge and a protective plate. The plate has a peripheral annular groove and is equipped with an axisymmetric, pointed reflector located opposite the fuse. The reflector directs the detonation wave radially through the transfer charge to the annular groove and through the plate to the main bursting charge. The design makes it possible to obtain an axisymmetric detonation wave, but it has disadvantages. In particular, it is proposed to use a curable explosive composition based on a powerful explosive (RDX) as the explosive material of the transfer charge; such compositions have a critical detonation diameter of at least 2 mm; therefore, the central part of the transfer charge, which performs the function of detonation wiring, must have a thickness of at least 3-4 mm, which requires a significant thickness of the inert insert to dampen the shock wave.

A known unit for initiating a cumulative warhead (patent RU 2150660 C1, F42B 1/024, dated July 29, 1999), which includes the bottom part of the main explosive charge, a bottom lining, an inert insert (lens), a plate-shaped transfer charge installed in the bottom part of the main explosive charge is coaxial with the cumulative funnel. The transfer charge is placed in a separate housing and is made of an explosive material with high detonation ability based on an explosive with a small critical detonation diameter. The transfer charge plate is made of variable thickness, increasing from the center towards the periphery in the zone of detonation transfer from the transfer charge to the main bursting charge.

The disadvantages of this design are the presence of bottom lining, the difficulty of manufacturing cases with high-quality bottom lining; the presence of losses of wave detonation energy due to the transfer of detonation energy through the lining of the bottom of the main bursting charge. The listed disadvantages lead to a decrease in armor penetration.

As a prototype of the proposed utility model of an annular initiation unit for a detonation wave of a cumulative warhead, an axisymmetric initiation unit with a cumulative warhead funnel was selected (patent RU 2600017 F42B 1/024 dated May 28, 2015), which includes the bottom part of the main explosive charge, a cylindrical-conical transfer charge shape, fuse and channel located coaxially with the cumulative funnel.

The disadvantages of this design are: the transfer charge has the form of a plate of variable thickness with a maximum thickness at the periphery in the detonation transfer zone, which increases the overall dimensions of the initiation unit; the coupling of the transfer charge with the explosive of the main bursting charge and the transfer of detonation occurs in the radial direction, and not in the axial direction towards the cumulative funnel, which, taking into account the unloading waves from the body, can lead to curvature of the detonation wave front and a violation of the optimal conditions for the approach of the detonation wave front to cumulative cladding. The listed disadvantages lead to a decrease in armor penetration. The inclusion of the bottom part of the main explosive charge in the initiation unit limits the scope of application of the axisymmetric initiation unit with a cumulative funnel of the warhead only for pressed charges.

The technical problem to be solved by the technical solution claimed as a utility model is to increase the armor penetration of a cumulative warhead.

The technical result is:

reducing the curvature of the detonation wave font due to the annular initiation of the detonation wave of the cumulative warhead;

improving the quality of the charge in terms of density differences due to the compact arrangement of the transfer charge and the inert insert (lens) in one housing, which is installed at the end of the charge;

increasing the active part of the cumulative charge involved in the formation of the cumulative jet due to the removal of the housing of the ring initiation unit to the end of the charge;

expanding the scope of application for molded and molded shaped charges due to the compact arrangement of the transfer charge and the inert insert (lens) in one housing, which is installed at the end of the charge.

This technical problem is solved using a unit for the annular initiation of a detonation wave of a cumulative warhead, which includes the end part of the main explosive charge of a cumulative warhead, a cylindrical body, an inert insert, a transfer charge made using an explosive material with high detonation ability based on an explosive with a low critical diameter, fuse and channel located coaxially with the cumulative funnel. The inert insert and the transfer charge are structurally combined and are located in a cylindrical housing. Moreover, the transfer charge covers the inert insert along the top and side surfaces. The inert insert consists of materials of different densities located across an air gap. The transfer charge consists of a sheet explosive charge in the form of a disk of constant thickness and a ring explosive charge of stepped shape. Detonation from a sheet explosive charge in the form of a disk of constant thickness (5) begins to spread in the form of an axisymmetric ring in the radial direction to 16 equidistant holes and through them is transmitted to a step-shaped annular explosive charge (6). The number of holes was determined based on the conditions for maintaining the integrity of the housing and reliable transmission of detonation.

The annular initiation of the detonation wave of the cumulative warhead is ensured by a ring-shaped explosive charge of a stepped shape (6) when the housing is installed on the end part of the main explosive charge. Placing the transfer charge and the inert insert in one housing simplifies the manufacture and assembly of a cumulative warhead.

This is achieved due to the fact that:

1) when pressing the main explosive charge, it is not necessary to form a cavity inside the main explosive charge to accommodate the housing in the bottom part of the main explosive charge;

2) pressing the main explosive charge in this case makes it possible to improve the compressibility of the explosive, thereby improving the quality of the charge in terms of density differences;

3) the coupling of the ring charge with the explosive allows energy to be transferred in the direction of the cumulative lining without losses and curvature of the front of the detonation wave of the main explosive charge.

The inert insert prevents premature transfer of detonation from the sheet explosive charge to the main bursting explosive charge in addition to the annular explosive charge, and the stepped shape of the annular explosive charge prevents premature destruction of the inert insert.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings: FIG. 1 - unit for annular initiation of a detonation wave of a cumulative warhead in a longitudinal section; fig. 2 - top view of the body of the ring initiation unit; fig. 3 - view of the housing of the ring initiation unit from below (the sheet explosive charge is not shown). The drawings indicate:

1 - fuse (safety-actuating mechanism);

2 - channel in the housing cover of the ring initiation unit for transferring detonation from the fuse to a sheet charge of explosive in the form of a disk of constant thickness;

3 - housing cover of the ring initiation unit;

4 - body of the ring initiation unit;

5 - sheet explosive charge in the form of a disk of constant thickness;

6 - ring explosive charge of stepped shape;

7 - inert insert;

8 - explosive of the main explosive charge;

9 - body of a cumulative warhead;

10 - cumulative lining.

An annular initiation unit for the detonation wave of a cumulative warhead, including the end part of the main explosive charge (8) of the cumulative warhead, a body (4), an inert insert (7), a transfer charge (5,6), wherein the transfer charge is made using explosive material with high detonation ability based on an explosive with a small critical diameter, the fuse (safety-actuating mechanism) (1) and channel (2) are located coaxially with the cumulative funnel, the transfer charge consists of a sheet charge of explosive in the form of a disk of constant thickness (5) and a ring charge of a stepped shape (6), and the inert insert (7) consists of materials of different densities located through the air gap, and the inert insert and the transfer charge are structurally combined and are located in one housing (4), while the transfer charge covers the inert insert along top and side surfaces. A disc-shaped sheet explosive charge of constant thickness (5) initiates a step-shaped ring explosive charge (6) through 16 equidistant holes.

The proposed design works as follows. After the fuse (safety-actuating mechanism) (1) is triggered, detonation propagates from its working surface along the channel (2) to a sheet charge of explosive in the form of a disk of constant thickness (5), and the detonation plane is normalized relative to the axis of the cumulative warhead. After exiting the channel, detonation in a sheet explosive charge in the form of a disk of constant thickness (5) begins to propagate in the form of an axisymmetric ring in the radial direction, and then through 16 equidistant holes it is transferred to a step-shaped annular explosive charge (6) and propagates in the axial direction . The absence of an inert layer of material between the main explosive charge and the propagation of detonation in the axial direction allows energy to be transferred without losses and curvature of the detonation wave front in the main explosive charge. In addition, the use of a main bursting charge with an open end surface makes it possible to improve compaction and reduce the difference in density of the explosive in the zone of transmission of the detonation wave from the annular charge of the explosive to the main bursting charge.

As a result of the above design features, the detonation wave has a front converging to the cumulative lining, the compressibility of the explosive in the bottom part is improved, thereby improving the quality of the charge in terms of density differences, which ultimately increases the armor penetration of the cumulative warhead (up to 18% compared to the traditional design) .

Claims (2)

1. An annular initiation unit for the detonation wave of a cumulative warhead, designed to be installed on the end part of the main explosive charge with a cumulative funnel, including a housing, an inert insert, a transfer charge made using an explosive material with high detonation ability based on an explosive with a low criticality diameter, a fuse and a channel located coaxially with the cumulative funnel, characterized in that the body of the annular initiation unit is made cylindrical, inside the body there is a transfer charge consisting of a sheet charge of explosive in the form of a disk of constant thickness and a ring charge of a stepped shape, inside the transfer charge is placed an inert insert made of materials of different densities located through an air gap, while the transfer charge covers the inert insert along the top and side surfaces. 2. An annular initiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that a sheet explosive charge in the shape of a disk of constant thickness initiates a stepped explosive annular charge through 16 equidistant holes.