RU2201257C2 - Stable breathing elastic product - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: polymer materials. SUBSTANCE: heatresistant microporous breathing film containing at least 35% filler and thermoplastic polymer mixture consisting of first polyethylene component (30- 70%) that can have density 0.86-0.89 g/cu. cm and second polyethylene component that can have density 0.90-0.92 g/cu. cm. Filled film can be oriented along one axis or along two axes to give microporous film and/or layered film material well fitted to body and which preserves good properties at 37 C and higher temperature. EFFECT: improved consumer's quality. 29 cl, 5 dwg, 4 ex

Description

 This invention relates to comfortable items of clothing and personal hygiene.

 More specifically, this invention relates to protective fabrics for use in disposable clothing and personal care products.

State of the art
Laminated film materials are becoming an increasingly important subject of commerce, finding widespread use, including use in various products; for example, as topcoats for personal care items such as diapers, training pants, clothing for incontinence, feminine sanitary pads and so on. In addition, laminated film materials can be used in many other body-worn products, such as garments, surgeons' wraps, protective work clothing, wound dressings, bandages and so on. Films can give the product the desired protective properties, and the materials coated with them can provide additional desired characteristics, such as resistance to abrasion and / or good softness to the touch. In addition, to increase the comfort of these products for the consumer, laminated film materials should preferably be “breathable” in the sense that the materials act as a barrier to liquids, but allow water vapor and air to pass through them. In addition, due to the achievement and preservation of good ability to breathe, it became possible to create products that are more comfortable for the consumer, since the movement of fumes through the fabric can reduce and / or eliminate the discomfort caused by excess fluid, absorbing it from the skin. Thus, such products can potentially contribute to the overall improvement of the skin condition.

 Although many layered film materials are known in the art, a breathable barrier consisting of a stretched microporous filler film is used in one particularly useful material. Such films are usually filled with particles or other materials and then pushed or stretched to obtain a finely porous mesh over the entire film area. Pores are obtained by separating the polymer from the filler particles. The porous mesh allows gas and water vapor to pass through the film, while acting as a barrier to liquids and particulate matter. The amount of filler inside the film and the degree of tension are set so as to obtain a micropore network with such a size and / or frequency to give the tissue the desired ability to breathe. An exemplary stretched film with a filler is described in European patent application 95/16562, jointly assigned by McCormack, which describes a filler film that contains a predominantly linear polyolefin polymer, a binding agent and from about 30 to about 80 wt. % calcium carbonate, and where the film with the filler can be stretched to give it the ability to breathe. The stretched film may then be coated with a non-woven fabric to obtain a layered material that has the advantages of strength and integrity of the non-woven fabric and the protective properties of the stretched film.

In addition to the ability of the laminated film material to breathe, the elasticity of the garment allows it to better fit the body. However, it is rather problematic to obtain a layered material with a low cost, which provides the desired comfort and ability to breathe, especially using stretched films with a filler. In order to better adapt to the body, the polymer composition of the film preferably should have good elasticity and resilience, and should also have the ability to form and preserve pores during its preparation. Moreover, the breathable laminated film material must be stable enough to maintain the desired characteristics when used (for example, at a temperature of about 37 ^o C or body temperature), as well as after the expiration date. For example, such garments are often exposed to temperatures of up to 54 ^° C or more during transportation, storage or during additional processing. Often, exposure to such temperatures can shrink the film, which leads to deformation and / or contraction of the fabric. Such changes lead to the fact that the product becomes less aesthetically attractive and has the appearance of a low-quality product. In addition, contraction can lead to delamination, which, in addition to making the product aesthetically unattractive, increases the risk of tearing or damage to the film. Moreover, it was found that such changes can also reduce the ability to breathe and reduce the elasticity of the tissue.

 Thus, there is a need for a film and layered material that are capable of providing good breathing ability (i.e., HDPE (water vapor transmission rate)) and fit to the body at body temperature. Moreover, there is a need for such a film and layered material that are sufficiently thermally stable to maintain the desired properties during processing under the conditions commonly used in further processing, storage and / or transportation. Further, there is a need for an inexpensive film and laminated film material that breathes well and adheres to the body, and which have improved aesthetic qualities and are not susceptible to shrinkage and / or excessive hysteresis.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The above needs and problems encountered by those skilled in the art are satisfied by the microporous film of the present invention, which contains a thermoplastic polymer mixture in which the first polyethylene polymer has a density below 0.89 g / cm ³ and the second polyethylene polymer has a density above 0 , 90 g / cm ³ . The first polyethylene polymer may comprise from 25 to 75% by weight of the thermoplastic polymer component of the film. In addition, the microporous film may contain a filler comprising at least 35 wt.% Of the total weight of the film. The film with the filler can be oriented to obtain a microporous film having voids between adjacent particles of the filler, which has a WVTR of at least 300 g / m ^2/24 hours at 37 ^o C, and the shrinkage by heating is at a temperature of 37 ^o C. is less than 15%. The resulting microporous film of the present invention demonstrates a combination of good body fit and breathability at the temperatures at which it is commonly used and / or transportation. Further, the first polyethylene polymer may have a density of from about 0.89 g / cm ³ to about 0.86 g / cm ³ and the second polyethylene polymer may have a density of from about 0.90 g / cm ³ to about 0.92 g / cm ³ . It is desirable that each of the first and second polyethylene polymers included in the thermoplastic polymer blend comprise from about 35 to about 65 wt.% Of the thermoplastic polymer component and, even more preferably, each of the first and second polymer comprises about 50 wt. % thermoplastic polymer component.

In another aspect of the present invention, the microporous film of the present invention can be coated with a fibrous layer, where the layered film material has a shrink of less than 5% at a temperature of 54 ^o C and even more preferably has a shrink of less than 1% at a temperature of 54 ^o C. The fibrous layer can contain non-woven fabric, such as, for example, extensible non-woven fabric. The nonwoven laminated film materials of the present invention can be used as a protective layer in items for wearing on the body, such as, for example, diapers, articles of clothing for adults suffering from incontinence, protective clothing and so on. In addition, in another aspect of the present invention, the breathable microporous film and / or laminated film materials of the present invention can form part of an absorbent body-worn product. By way of example, absorbent articles for wearing on a body may comprise a liquid-permeable pad; absorbent inner layer; and a microporous film or laminated film material of the present invention, where the absorbent layer is located between the liquid-permeable spacer and the microporous film or laminated film material.

Brief Description of the Drawings
In FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated film material of the present invention.

 In FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the laminate film material of the present invention.

 In FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a relief suitable for use in the present invention.

 In FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a relief suitable for use in the present invention.

 In FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a processing line for producing laminated film materials of the present invention.

Definitions
In this description and in the claims, the term “comprising” may include all components or be open and does not exclude additional unspecified elements, components of the compositions or process steps.

 In this description, the term "non-woven" fabric or fabric means a fabric consisting of individual fibers or threads that are laid in layers, but not in a specific way, as in knitted fabrics. Nonwoven webs or fabrics are prepared by many techniques, such as melt blowing, twisting, hydroweaving, laying with air, and the manufacture of knitted carded webs.

 As used herein, the term "extensible" means extending or stretching in at least one direction.

 As used herein, the term “twisted fibers” refers to small diameter fibers of a molecularly oriented polymer material. Twisted fibers can be obtained by extrusion of molten thermoplastic material in the form of fibers from a variety of thin, usually round, die tubes with rapidly decreasing extruded fiber diameters, as described, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,340,563 to Appel et al. And US Pat. No. 3,692,618 to Dorschner et al. U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,802,817 to Matsuki et al., U.S. Patents 3,338,992 and 3,341,394 to Kinney, U.S. Pat. No. 3,503,263 to Hartman, U.S. Patent No. 3,542,615 to Dobo et al. and US Pat. No. 5,382,400 to Pike et al. Twisted fibers usually do not adhere when they are located on the collecting surface and are usually continuous. Twisted fibers often have a diameter of about 10 microns or more. However, webs of twisted thin fibers (having an average fiber diameter of less than 10 microns) can be obtained by various methods, including, but not limited to, described in patent applications US 08/756426 dated November 26, 1996 Marmon et al. and application 08/565261 of November 30, 1995 Pike et al. (currently US Pat. No. 5,759,926).

 As used herein, the term “meltblown fibers” refers to fibers of a polymeric material that are typically obtained by extruding molten thermoplastic material through a variety of thin, usually round, head tubes in the form of molten filaments or fibers into converting high-speed, usually hot, gas streams (e.g. air), which thin the fibers of the molten thermoplastic material to reduce their diameter. Then, the meltblown fibers can be transferred by a high-speed gas stream and placed on a collecting surface to form a web consisting of randomly laid meltblown fibers. Such methods are described, for example, in US Pat. No. 3,849,214 to Butin et al. and 5,271,883 to Timmons et al. The meltblown fibers can be solid or separate, usually have an average diameter of less than 10 microns, and are usually sticky when placed on a collecting surface.

 As used herein, the term "multilayer nonwoven material" refers to a laminate having two or more nonwoven layers, such as, for example, a laminate in which some layers are twisted and some are meltblown, such as twisted / meltblown / twisted (SHS) layered material. Examples of multilayer nonwovens are described in US Pat. No. 4,041,203 to Brock et al., US Pat. No. 5,178,931 to Perkins et al. and U.S. Patent 5,188,885 to Timmons et al. Such laminates can be obtained by sequentially applying a layer of twisted fibers, then a layer of meltblown fibers and finally another layer of twisted fibers, onto a moving molding tape, and then bonding the material, for example, by thermal spot bonding, as described below. Alternatively, web layers may be prepared separately, assembled onto shafts, and combined in a separate bonding step.

 As used herein, the term “polymer” typically includes, but is not limited to, homopolymers, copolymers, such as, for example, block, grafted, random and random copolymers, terpolymers and so on, and mixtures and modifications thereof. Moreover, unless otherwise indicated, the term "polymer" includes all possible spatial configurations of the molecule. These configurations include, but are not limited to, isotactic, syndiotactic, and statistical symmetries.

 In this description, the term "direction of development" go HB means the length of the web in the direction in which it is received. The term "transverse direction of production" or NVD means the width of the web, that is, the direction usually perpendicular to the HB.

 As used herein, “ultrasonic bonding” means a process carried out, for example, by passing a web between an audio source and a stop roll, as described in US Pat. No. 4,374,888 to Bornslaeger.

 As used herein, the term “point bonding” means linking one or more layers of a web with a plurality of individual tie points. For example, thermal dot bonding typically involves passing one or more bonded layers between heated rolls, such as, for example, an engraved molding roll and a smooth calender. The engraved roll is shaped so that the web does not bind over its entire surface, and the back-up roll is usually flat. As a result, many models have been developed for engraved rolls to meet both functional and aesthetic needs. One example of a point binding model is Hansen Pennings, or “H&P,” in which the bonded area is about 30% upon receipt and about 200 bonds / square inch, as described in US Pat. No. 3,851,546 to Hansen and Pennings. The H & P shape has square dots or the surface of the pins with a side size of 0.038 inches (0.965 mm), the distance between the pins of 0.070 inches (1.778 mm) and the binding depth of 0.023 inches (0.584 mm). The resulting web has an associated area of about 29.5% upon receipt. Another typical example of a point binding form is an enlarged Hansen Pennings or “ENP” binding form, which gives 15% of the bonded area upon receipt and where the square pins have a side size of 0.037 inches (0.94 mm), the distance between the pins is 0.097 inches (2.464 mm) and a depth of 0.039 inches (0.991 mm). Another characteristic point bonding form is “714”, which has square bonding points and where each pin has a side size of 0.023 inches (0.584 mm), a distance between the pins of 0.062 inches (1.575 mm) and a binding depth of 0.033 inches (0.838 mm). The resulting web has about 15% of the bonded area upon receipt. Another typical form is the form of C-Star, which has upon receipt of 16.9% of the associated area. The C-Star shape takes the form of transverse streaks or "velveteen" interrupted by meteors. Other standard models include a rhomboid shape with repeating and slightly offset rhombuses, giving about 16% of the connected area, and a shape in the form of an intertwined wire that looks according to the name, that is, like a lattice that gives about 15% of the connected area. Another form is the "S-weave" form, which gives about 17% of the bonded area upon receipt and usually looks like that shown in figure 3, as well as the form for children's products, which gives about 12% of the bonded area when received and looks, as shown in FIG. Typically, the percentage of bonded area is less than 50%, and more preferably ranges from 10% to 30% of the area of the fibrous laminated web.

 As used herein, the terms “elastic” or “elastomeric” refer to a material that when applied is tensile or extensible in at least one direction and returns to its original size when the force is removed. For example, an extensible material having a displacement length of at least 50% more than its length in a resting state, and which is reduced by at least 50% of the length when the tensile force is removed. A hypothetical example is a sample of size (1) inch, which extends to at least 1.50 inches and which, after removing the tensile force, is compressed back to no more than 1.25 inches.

 As used herein, the term “inelastic” refers to any material that does not fit the definition of “elastic,” as defined above.

 As used herein, the term “barrier” means a film, laminate, or other web that is relatively impervious to liquids and which withstands hydrostatic pressure of at least 50 mbar. The hydrostatic pressure in this description refers to indicators of the barrier properties of the canvas in relation to liquids and is described in more detail below. However, it should be noted that in many fields of application of protective webs, including this invention, it is desirable that they withstand a hydrostatic head of more than 80 mbar, 150 mbar, or even 300 mbar.

As used herein, the term "breathable" refers to material which is permeable to water vapor and has a minimum WVTR (water vapor transmission rate) of about 300 g / m ^2/24 hours. The HDL web, in one aspect, indicates how comfortable the web is for the consumer. The SPVP is measured as described below, and the result is expressed in grams / square meters / 24 hours. However, often products that use breathable barriers require higher WVTR and breathable barriers of the present invention may have a WVTR greater than 500 g / m ^2/24 hours, 800 g / m ^2/24 hours, 1500 g / ^m2 / 24 hours or even exceeding 3000 g / m ^2/24 hours.

 As used herein, the term “single component” fibers refers to fibers obtained from one or more extruders using a single polymer. This term does not exclude fibers obtained from a single polymer, to which a small amount of additives was added for dyeing, antistatic properties, lubrication, hydrophilicity and so on.

 As used herein, the term "multicomponent fibers" refers to fibers that are obtained from at least two polymers extruded from separate extruders, but twisted together to produce one fiber. Multicomponent fibers are also sometimes referred to as bonded or bicomponent fibers. The polymers are usually different from each other and are located in essentially constant-defined areas across the cross section of the fiber and elongated along the length of the fiber continuously. The configuration of such a fiber can be, for example, a shell / core sequence in which one polymer is surrounded by another, or a side to side sequence, a pie sequence, or an island in the sea sequence. Multicomponent fibers are described in US Pat. No. 5,108,820 to Kaneko et al. U.S. Patent No. 4,795,668 to Krueger et al. and US Pat. No. 5,336,552 to Strack et al. Combined fibers are also described in US Pat. No. 5,382,400 to Pike et al. and can be used to obtain corrugated fibers, using different crystallization rates of two (or more) polymers. Corrugated fibers can also be obtained mechanically and according to the method of German patent DT 25 13 251 A1. For bicomponent fibers, polymers can be presented in a ratio of 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, or in any other desired ratios. The fibers may also have shapes, such as those described in US Pat. Nos. 5,277,976 to Hogle et al., US 5,466,410 to Hills and 5,069,970 and 5,057,368 to Largman et al., Which describe fibers of an unusual shape.

 As used herein, the term “mixture” means a mixture of two or more polymers, and the term “alloy” means a subclass of mixtures in which the components are not mixed but combined.

 As used herein, the term “bicomponent fibers” or “multicomponent” refers to fibers that have been obtained from at least two polymers extruded from the same extruder as a mixture. The term “mixture” is defined above. The bicomponent fibers do not have different polymer components located in relatively constant defined zones across the fiber cross section and the different polymers are usually not located along the entire length of the fiber, instead the usually obtained fibrils or protofibrils are randomly arranged. Bicomponent and bicomponent fibers are also described in Polymer Blends and Composites by John A. Manson and Leslie H. Sperling, copyright 1976 by Plenum Press, a division of Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York, ISBN 0-306-30831-1 on pages 273- 277.

 As used herein, the term “gauze” means light fibers used as a support material. Gauze is often used as the main fabric for coated or laminated products.

 As used herein, the term “article of clothing” means any type of non-medical clothing that can be worn. It includes work clothes and coveralls, underwear, pants, shirts, cardigans, gloves, socks and so on.

 As used herein, the term “anti-infectious product” refers to medical items such as surgical wraps, face masks, hats, such as medical caps, surgical hats, hoods, dressings, dressings, shoes, such as shoe covers, shoe covers shoes and slippers, wound dressings, dressings, sterile towels, tampons, clothing such as laboratory wraps, overalls, bathrobes and cardigans, patient bedding, stretchers and strollers, and so on.

 As used herein, the term "personal care products" refers to diapers, training pants, absorbent panty liners, adult urinary incontinence items and feminine hygiene products. As used herein, the term “body-wearing products” refers to any products that may be worn by a person and include, but are not limited to, personal care products, clothing, anti-infective products, and so on.

 In this description and in the claims, the term “comprising” may include all components or be open and does not exclude additional unspecified elements, components of the compositions or process steps.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
1, the breathable film with a filler 12 of the present invention is particularly suitable for use in a laminate film material 10. The breathable film with a filler 12 has a first side 14, which may be associated with the fibrous layer and / or the substrate sheet 16, preferably tensile similar to a woven cloth. The layered material may constitute an article to be worn on the body, in whole or in part. In another aspect and with reference to FIG. 2, a breathable filler film 22 may be bonded on one side 24 to a first fibrous layer 28 and on the other side 26 to a second fibrous layer 30. The first and second fibrous layers and / or the substrate web are selected such so as to provide the desired support, elasticity, and other desirable properties, and they do not necessarily include identical fibers.

A breathable filled film contains at least two components, including a mixture of polymers and a filler. The breathable film desirably comprises a protective film with a filler having a WVTR of at least 300 g / m ^2/24 hours, preferably more than 500 g / m ^2/24 hours, 800 g / m ^2/24 hours, 1500 g / m ² / 24 hours or even 2500 g / m ^2/24 hours. In addition, the breathable filler film should have a basis weight of less than about 60 g / m ² and even more preferably from about 10 to about 35 g / m ² , and even more preferably from about 15 to about 25 g / m ² . Breathable film with a filler 12 can be obtained by any of numerous techniques known in the art. Desirably, the breathable film comprises a microporous film, such as an elastic film with a filler, containing a stable thermoplastic polymer mixture and a filler. These (and other) components can be mixed together, heated and then extruded to form a film. A filler film can be obtained by any of the many film production techniques known in the art, such as, for example, using equipment to produce either a film cast from a solution or a film obtained by blow molding. The breathable filled film may comprise single or multi-layer films. For example, the breathable film may comprise a breathable base film and a thin breathable outer layer that is simultaneously produced by co-extrusion. For example, methods for producing multilayer films are described in US patents 4,522,203; U.S. Patent 4,494,629; US patent 4734324 and European patent application WO 96/19346 dated June 27, 1996 McCormack et al .; and U.S. Patent Application (express mail RB879662575US) 08/882712 of September 15, 1997 by Haffner et al., the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Methods for producing breathable elastic filler films that can be thermally bonded are also described in US Pat. No. 5,695,868 and European Patent Application WO 95/16562 of June 22, 1995 McCormack, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

In a preferred embodiment, the breathable film with a filler, or the main layer of a multilayer film, is a film of a thermoplastic polymer mixture, which is able to stretch in at least one direction, which allows to reduce the width and thickness of the film and to obtain a network with micropores. A stable thermoplastic polymer blend contains a low density ethylene polymer and a higher crystalline high density ethylene polymer. A low density ethylene polymer desirably contains an ethylene polymer having a density of less than 0.89 g / cm ³ , preferably having a density of 0.86 g / cm ³ to 0.89 g / cm ^3, and even more preferably having a density of 0.863 g / cm ³ to 0.88 g / cm ³ . The low density ethylene polymer is desirably mixed with a more crystalline ethylene polymer having a density of from 0.90 g / cm ³ to 0.92 g / cm ³ and more preferably having a density of from 0.90 g / cm ³ to 0.917 g / cm ³ . In a particularly preferred embodiment, the ethylene polymer has a density of 0.87 g / cm ³ and the ethylene polymer with a higher density has a density of 0.91 g / cm ³ . The ratio (in wt.% Polymer component) of the low density elastomeric ethylene and the higher crystalline high density ethylene polymer is from 75/25 to 25/75 and preferably from 70/30 to 30/70. Even more preferably, low density elastomeric ethylene is mixed with high density ethylene in a ratio of 60/40 to 40/60, and even more preferably 50/50.

около 2, гомогенное разветвление и контролируемую длинноцепную разветвленность. Подходящие альфа-олефины включают, но не ограничиваются ими, 1-октен, 1-бутен, 1-гексен и 4-метилпентен. Полимеры, взятые в качестве примеров, включают полимеры, известные в данной области техники как катализированные полимеры "металлоцены", "с одним центром" или "с ограниченной конфигурацией", такие как описаны в патенте США 5472775 Obijeski et al., принадлежащем компании Dow Chemical, полное содержание которого включено сюда в качестве ссылки. Способ получения металлоценов обычно включает использование металлоценового катализатора, который активируется, т.е. ионизируется со-катализатором. Примеры металлоценовых катализаторов включают дихлорид бис(n-бутилциклопентадиенил)титана, дихлорид бис(n-бутилциклопентади-енил)циркония, хлорид бис(циклопентадиенил)скандия, дихлорид бис(инденил) циркония, дихлорид бис(метилциклопентадиенил)титана, дихлорид бис(метилциклопентадиенил)циркония, кобальтоцен, трихлорид циклопентадиенил-титана, ферроцен, гафноцен дихлорид, дихлорид изопропил(циклопентадиенил-1-фторенил)циркония, молибдоцен дихлорид, никелоцен, ниобоцен дихлорид, рутеноцен, титаноцен дихлорид, цирконоцен гидрид хлорида, цирконоцен дихлорид и так далее. Более исчерпывающий список таких соединений включен в патент США 5374696 Rosen et al., переуступленный Dow Chemical Company. Такие соединения также включены в патент США 5064802 Stevens et al. , также переуступленный Dow. Однако в данной области техники известно множество других металлоценовых, с одним центром и/или подобных систем катализаторов; см. , например, патент США 5539124 Etherton et al.; патент США 5554775 Krishnamurti et al.; патент США 5451450 Erderly et al. и The Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Kirk-Othemer, Fourth Edition, vol. 17, Olefinic Polymers, pp. 765-767 (John Wiley & Sons 1996); полное содержание данных патентов включено сюда в качестве ссылки.Low density ethylene may be a plastomer or an elastomer. In one embodiment of the invention, the low density ethylene polymer or the polyethylene polymer may comprise substantially linear polymers in which the ethylene monomers are polymerized with an alpha olefin such that the resulting polymer composition has a small molecular weight distribution

about 2, homogeneous branching and controlled long chain branching. Suitable alpha olefins include, but are not limited to, 1-octene, 1-butene, 1-hexene, and 4-methylpentene. Examples of polymers include polymers known in the art as catalyzed metallocene, one-center, or limited configuration polymers, such as those described in US Pat. No. 5,472,775 to Obijeski et al., Owned by Dow Chemical the full contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. A process for producing metallocenes typically involves the use of a metallocene catalyst that is activated, i.e. ionized by a co-catalyst. Examples of metallocene catalysts include bis (n-butylcyclopentadienyl) titanium dichloride, bis (n-butylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, scandium bis (cyclopentadienyl) chloride, bis (indenyl) zirconium dichloride, bis (methylcyclopentadienyl) bis (methylcyclopentadienyl) titanium dichloride zirconium, cobaltocene, cyclopentadienyl-titanium trichloride, ferrocene, hafnocene dichloride, isopropyl (cyclopentadienyl-1-fluorenyl) zirconium dichloride, molybdocene dichloride, nickelocene, niobocene dichloride, rutenocene, titanocene dichloride, titanocene dichloride zirconocene dichloride and so on. A more comprehensive list of such compounds is included in US Pat. No. 5,374,696 to Rosen et al., Assigned by Dow Chemical Company. Such compounds are also included in US patent 5064802 Stevens et al. also assigned by the Dow. However, many other metallocene, single-center and / or similar catalyst systems are known in the art; see, for example, US Pat. No. 5,539,124 to Etherton et al .; U.S. Patent 5,554,775 to Krishnamurti et al .; US patent 5451450 Erderly et al. and The Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Kirk-Othemer, Fourth Edition, vol. 17, Olefinic Polymers, pp. 765-767 (John Wiley & Sons 1996); the full contents of these patents are incorporated herein by reference.

Regarding plastomeric or elastomeric polymers based on metallocenes, in US Pat. No. 5,204,429 to Kaminsky et al. Describes methods for producing elastic copolymers from cycloolefins and linear olefins using a catalyst that is a stereo-stable chiral transition metal metallocene compound and aluminoxane. The reaction can also take place in a gaseous phase using monomers that polymerize as a solvent. US Pat. Nos. 5,278,272 and 5,272,236 to Lai et al., Assigned by Dow Chemical and entitled "Elastic, Almost Linear Olefin Polymers" describe polymers having particular elastic properties, the entire contents of these patents are incorporated herein by reference. Suitable low density ethylene elastomers are commercially available from Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan under the trade name AFFINITY ^™ , including AFFINITY ^™ EG 8200 (5 IR (Melt Index IR)), XU 58200.02 (ZOIR), XU 58380.00 (10 IR) and from Exxon Chemicals Co., Houston, TX under the trade name EXACT ^TM , including EXACT 4049 (4.5 TS, 0.873 g / cm ³ ); 4011 (2.2 TS, 0.888 g / cm ³ ); 4041 (3 TS, 0.878 g / cm ³ ); 4006 (10 TS, 0.88 g / cm ³ ).

Higher crystalline higher density ethylene polymers can also be prepared using the catalysts described above, i.e. metallocene catalysts, single center catalysts or limited configurations. In addition, high density ethylene polymers can be prepared using more conventional catalyst systems, such as Ziegler-Natta catalysts. Preferably, these polymers have a density of from about 0.900 g / cm ³ to about 0.920 g / cm ³ . Suitable ethylene polymers include ethylene polymers, collectively known as "linear low density polyethylene" (LLDPE) and "high density polyethylene" (HDPE). Many such polymers are commercially available, such as, for example, polymers under the trade names AFFINITY ^™ , ELITE ^™ or ASPUN ^™ from Dow Chemical Company and EXCEED ^™ from Exxon Chemical Co.

 Other film-forming polymers that can be used in this invention in combination with a mixture of ethylene polymers include ethylene propylene copolymers, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), ethylene ethyl acrylate (EEA), ethylene acrylic acid (EAA), ethylene methyl acrylate (EMA), normal ethylene butyl acrylate (EnBA), polyurethane (PU), polyester esters, polyester amides, EPDM rubbers and the like.

In addition to thermoplastic polymer blends, the breathable filler film also includes a filler that makes the film breathable. As used herein, the term “filler” includes particulates and / or other forms of materials that can be added to the mixture to form a film by extrusion, which do not chemically interfere or adversely affect the extruded film, and which can be uniformly distributed in the film. Typically, the fillers are in the form of particles with an average weight of from about 0.1 to about 10 microns, preferably from about 0.1 to about 4 microns. In this description, the term "particle size" describes the largest dimension or length of the filler. Both organic and inorganic fillers are used in this invention, provided that they do not interfere with the preparation of the film and / or subsequent layering processes. Examples of fillers include calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ), various clays, silica (SiO ₂ ), alumina, barium sulfate, sodium carbonate, talc, magnesium sulfate, titanium dioxide, zeolites, aluminum sulfate, cellulose powders, diatomaceous earth, gypsum, magnesium sulfate, magnesium carbonate, barium carbonate, kaolin, mica, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum hydroxide, cellulose powder, wood powder, cellulose derivatives, polymer particles, chitin and chitin derivatives. The filler particles may optionally be coated with a fatty acid, such as stearic acid or behenic acid, and / or other materials to facilitate the free flow of particles (in bulk materials) and facilitate their dispersion into the polymer. Filler films typically contain at least 35% filler based on the total weight of the film, more preferably from about 50 to about 70 wt.% Filler. Due to the nature of the polymer mixture, less than 50% of the filler may block rolls. Thus, when using less filler to prevent blocking, it is necessary to use additional processing steps and / or modify the treatment.

In addition, a breathable filler film may optionally include one or more stabilizers. Preferably, the filler film includes an antioxidant, such as, for example, a hindered phenolic stabilizer. Commercially available antioxidants include, but are not limited to, IR-GANOX ^™ E17 (α-tocopherol) and IRGANOX ^™ 1076 (octodecyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate), from Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Terrytown, NY In addition In addition, other stabilizers or additives that are compatible with the process of film production, stretching and subsequent layering can be used in this invention. For example, additional additives may be included to impart desired characteristics to the film, such as, for example, melting stabilizers, processing stabilizers, heating stabilizers, light stabilizers, thermal aging stabilizers, and other additives known to one skilled in the art. Typically, phosphite stabilizers (e.g. IRGAFOS 168 from Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Terrytown. NY and DOVERPHOS from Dover Chemical Corp., Dover, Ohio) are good melting stabilizers, while hindered amine stabilizers (e.g. CHIMASSORB 944 and 119 from Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Terrytown, NY) are good heat stabilizers and light stabilizers. Packages of one or more of the above stabilizers are commercially available, for example, B900 from Ciba Specialty Chemicals. Preferably, from 100 to 2000 ppm stabilizers are added to the base polymer (s) prior to extrusion. (Parts per million relative to the total weight of the filler film).

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the filler film is coated with an outer fibrous layer. Suitable materials include nonwoven webs, multilayer nonwoven webs, gauze, woven webs and other similar materials. To obtain a layered material with improved adherence to the body, the fibrous layer is preferably an extensible web and even more preferably an elastic web. For example, stretching a non-woven fabric in HB leads to the formation of a "transverse narrowing" or narrowing in the NVD and allows you to get narrowed in the NVD fabric. Examples of additional stretchable and / or elastic webs include, but are not limited to, described in US Pat. Nos. 4,443,513 to Meitner et al .; 5,116,662 to Morman et al .; 4965122 Morman et al .; 5,336,545 to Morman et al .; 4,720,415 to Vander Wielen et al. ; 4,789,699 to Kieffer et al .; 5,332,613 to Taylor et al .; 5,288,791 Collier et al. ; U.S. Patent 4,663,220 to Wisneski et al .; 5,540,976 to Shawver et al .; European Patent Application 0712892 by Djiaw et al .; U.S. Patent Application 08/603961 Shawver et al. and US patent application 08/674365 Levy et al., a full description of the above patents is incorporated herein by reference. Nonwoven webs preferably have a base weight of from 10 g / m ² to 70 g / m ² , and more preferably from 15 g / m ² to 34 g / m ² . As a specific example, 17 g / m ² (0.5 ounces per square yard) propylene twisted fiber web can be transversely narrowed to a desired size and then applied to a breathable stretched film with a filler.

The external substrate may be applied to a breathable filler film according to one or more techniques known in the art. The substrate and the filler film may be bonded, for example, by point bonding by applying sufficient energy to the film and / or fibrous web so that the materials become softer and / or flexible, for example by applying thermal, ultrasonic, microwave and / or compressive energy strength. To improve the adhesion of the layers to the film can be added binding agents or substances to increase the stickiness. In another aspect of the invention, the filler film and the fibrous layer may be laminated to each other with adhesion. To improve upholstery, the adhesive is preferably applied in a certain way to one of the webs or applied only to the outer fibrous layer. When the adhesive is applied to an external fibrous layer, such as a nonwoven fabric, the adhesive usually covers the film only in contact with the fibers and thus provides a laminate with improved upholstery and / or breathability. Examples of suitable adhesives include, but are not limited to, REXTAC ^™ 2730 from Huntsman Corporation, Salt Lake City, UT; H2525A, which is a styrene block copolymer adhesive from Findley Adhesives, Inc., Wauwatusa, WI; and 34-5610, which is a styrene block copolymer adhesive from National Starch, Starch and Chemical Co. , Bridgewater, NJ Commercially available amorphous polyalphaolefins (APAOs) used in hot melt adhesives suitable for use in this invention include, but are not limited to, REXTAC ^TM ethylene propylene APAO E-4 and E-5 and butylene propylene BM -1 and BH-5 from Huntsman Corporation, Salt Lake City, UT and VESTO-PLAST ^TM 792 from Huls AG, Marl, Germany. Amorphous polyalphaolefins can be synthesized on a catalyst on a Ziegler-Natta support and on an alkyl aluminum co-catalyst, and an olefin such as propylene is polymerized in combination with various amounts of ethylene, 1-butene, 1-hexane or other materials to obtain a predominantly atactic hydrocarbon chains. In a preferred embodiment, from about 1 g / m ² to about 10 g / m ² glue is applied to the fibrous substrate prior to the connection of the substrate and the film with the filler. Additional binding agents or tackifiers may also be used, such as those described in WO 95/16562.

Figure 5 presents a diagram of a processing line for producing breathable protective layered materials of the present invention. 5, a filler film may be formed using an extruder 100, such as an apparatus for casting a film from a solution or for producing a film by blown extrusion. Typically, apparatus 100 includes one or more polymer extruders 102. An unstretched film with a filler 50 is extruded into a pair of pinch or cooling rollers 104, one of which may be in the form of a relief on the newly obtained film with filler 50. This relief is desirable in some embodiments for reducing the gloss on the film and giving it a matte texture. Although the bulk of the unstretched filler film will vary depending on the degree of stretching, the desired final bulk of the film and other parameters, it is preferable that the bulk of the unstretched filler film vary from about 50 g / cm ² to about 120 g / cm ² .

From the extruder 100, the unstretched film 50 is directed onto a film stretching device 106, such as a device for orienting the film in the production direction, which is commercially available from manufacturers such as Marshall and Williams Company, Providence, Phode Island. The apparatus 106 has a plurality of preheating and stretching rolls that stretch and thin the unstretched film 50 in the direction of film production (HB), which is the direction of movement of the film 50 during processing. The film can be stretched using one or many separate stretching operations. Preferably, the unstretched filler film is stretched 2-6 times from its original length. 5, the heated rolls 108 a and 108 b can act as preheating rolls. The slow roll 110 moves at a peripheral speed slower than that of the fast roll 112. The different speeds of the adjacent rolls allow the film with filler 50 to stretch. One or both of the slow roll 110 and the fast roll 112 may be heated. After stretching, the film can be pulled back slightly and / or further heated or annealed by one or more heated rollers, such as a heated annealing roll 114. After exiting the stretching device 106, the stretched film 52 preferably has a base weight of less than 60 g / m ² and even more preferably has a base weight of from 15 to 35 g / m ² .

 A stretched film with a filler 52 can be attached to a stretchable fibrous layer 56, such as a transversely tapered web, to form a film / nonwoven laminate 60. According to Fig. 5, the transversely constricted material 54 is unwound from the feed roller 130. The transversely constricted material 54 is then moved in the direction of the arrows. The transversely constricted material 54 is then passed through a gap 132 between the S-shaped device 134 formed by the roller block 136 and 138 in the reverse S-shaped direction, as shown by the arrows on the rollers 136 and 138. Since the peripheral speed of the rolls of the S-shaped device 134 is less than the circumferential linear velocity of the calendars 116, the transversely constricted material 54 is stretched so that its cross-sectional area is reduced to a desired degree. The transversely constricted material may alternatively be transversely constricted autonomously, and unwound in a stretched, transversely constricted state. The transversely constricted material 56 is kept in a taut, constricted state while it passes under the spraying equipment 140, which sprays the adhesive 58 through the extrusion head 142 onto the transversely constricted material 56. As soon as the stretched film with filler 52 is sufficiently thinned, the transversely constricted material 56 is obtained and glue 58 is applied to it, the layers can be combined and glued (if necessary, for example, by heat), to obtain a stable breathable laminate 60 with excellent adhesion to the body. Optionally, the laminate can be further bonded or stamped using calendars 116. One and / or both calendars can be heated. The binder rolls 116 are also preferably heated and at least one roll may be embossed to obtain the desired embossment bonding to the bonded surface of the resulting laminate described above. Once the laminate 60 comes out of the heated rolls 116, it can be wound onto a roll for winding 120. Alternatively, the laminate 60 can remain in the production line for further processing and / or conversion.

 The protective laminated materials of this invention can be used to create whole, or as an integral part of protective paintings, anti-infective products, personal hygiene items, clothing and other products that desirably have protective properties and the ability to breathe. As specific examples, protective laminate materials can be used as follows: as an inner layer or an outer coating in diapers or clothing for adults with urinary incontinence, such as those described in US Pat. No. 5,415,644 Enloe and US Patent Application 08/994530 Strack et al .; or as a protective layer in surgical wraps and protective clothing, such as described in US Pat. No. 4,823,404 to Morrell et al .; US Pat. No. 5,509,142 to Connell et al .; US patent 5487189 Bell and US patent 5492753 Levy et al .; full descriptions of the aforementioned patents and applications are incorporated herein by reference.

Tests
Hydrostatic head: Measuring the protective properties of a web in relation to a liquid is a definition of hydrostatic head. When determining the hydrostatic pressure, the water pressure or water pressure (in millibars) is determined, which the web can withstand until the fluid begins to pass through it. If the web withstands greater hydrostatic pressure, this means that it has more protection against water penetration than the web withstanding less hydrostatic pressure. The hydrostatic pressure can be determined by Federal Test Standard 191 A, Method 5514. The hydrostatic pressure data in this description were obtained by a method similar to the above Federal Test Standard except for the modifications listed below. Hydrostatic pressure is determined using a hydrostatic pressure tester from Marlo Enterprises, Inc, Concord, NC. The sample is subjected to normalized water pressure (as opposed to a column of water according to the Federal test Standard), which is increased at a constant speed until leakage liquid appears on the surface of the canvas in three separate areas. (Leakage from the edges adjacent to the clamps is not taken into account). Unsupported sheets, such as a thin film, can be applied to the substrate to prevent premature rupture of the sample.

Melt Index: Melt Index (IR) is a measurement of the viscosity of a polymer under certain conditions. IR is expressed as the mass of material that flows out of a tube of known size at a certain loading or shear rate with respect to a certain period of time and is measured in grams / 10 minutes at a temperature of 190 ^° C and a load of 2160 g according to ASTM 1238-90b.

SPWP: Water vapor transmission rate (SPWP) of material samples is calculated according to ASTM Standard E96-80. Circular samples 3 inches (7.62 cm) in diameter are cut from each test material and a control material which is a piece of CELGARD ^® 2500 film from Hoechst Celanese Corporation, Sommerville, New Jersey . CELGARD ^® 2500 film is a microporous polypropylene film. Three samples are prepared from each material. The test cup is a 60-1 Vapometer plate from Thwing-Albert Instrument Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 100 ml of water are poured into each Vapometer cup and separate samples of test materials and control material are placed across the open top of each cup. Screw-on flanges are tightened to obtain a sealed surface along the edges of the plate, leaving the attached test material or control material to interact with the surrounding atmosphere over a 6.5 cm diameter circle having an exposed area of approximately 33.17 square centimeters. The cups are placed in a forced convection thermostat at a temperature of about 100 ^° F. (38 ^° C.) for 1 hour to bring into equilibrium. The thermostat is a constant temperature thermostat with outside air circulating through it to prevent water vapor from settling inside it. A suitable forced convection thermostat is, for example, a Blue M Power-O-Matic 60 thermostat from Blue M. Electric Company, Blue Island, Illinois. After equilibrium is established, the plates are removed from the thermostat, weighed, and immediately returned to the thermostat. After 24 hours, the plates are removed from the thermostat and weighed again. Preliminary analytical values of the water vapor transmission rate are calculated according to equation (I) below
(I) Analit. WVTR = (grams weight loss over 24 hours) • 315,5 g / m ^2/24 hours
The relative humidity inside the thermostat is not specifically controlled.

When predetermined conditions, i.e. a temperature of about 100 ^o F (38 ^o C) and ambient relative humidity, the WVTR CELGARD ^® control film 2500 is 5000 grams per 24 hours per square meter. Accordingly, the test data led to the data of the control sample, and preliminary analytical values were adjusted in accordance with certain conditions using equation (II) below
(II) WVTR = (analyte. WVTR / control WVTR) • (5000 g / m ^2/24 hours)
Peeling test: When testing a laminate for peeling or delamination, the tensile force at which the layers of material will peel off from each other is determined. The values of the tensile strength is obtained using a certain width of the canvas, the width of the clamping devices and a constant speed of tension. For samples having a film on one side, this side of the sample is covered with masking tape or some other suitable material to protect the film from tearing during testing. Masking tape is applied on only one side of the laminate and therefore does not affect the peel strength of the sample. In this test, two clamps are used, each of which has two lips, where each lip has a surface in contact with the sample to hold the material in one plane, usually vertically, initially spaced 2 inches (5.08 cm) apart from each other. The sample has a width of 4 inches (10.16 cm) and the length necessary for sufficient delamination of the sample. The outer surface of the lip is 1 inch (2.54 cm) high and at least 4 inches (10.16 cm) wide and has a constant pulling speed of 300 mm / min. The sample is manually delaminated to such an extent that it can be clamped in a certain position and the clamps are moved apart at a certain stretching speed to peel the material. The sample breaks when the two layers are separated by 180 ^o , and the tensile strength is presented as the average value of the maximum load in grams. The determination of the force begins when the layered material is torn to 16 mm and continues until all 170 mm are delaminated. Sintech 2 testers from Sintech Corporation, 1001 Sheldon Dr., Cary, NC 27513, Instron ModelTM from Instron Corporation, 2500 Washington St., Canton, MA 02021 or Thwing-Albert Model INTELLECT II from Thwing-Albert can be used for this test. Instrument Co., 10960 Dutton Rd., Phila., PA 19154. The results are presented as the average of three samples and the sample can be tested in the direction transverse to the direction of production (NVD) and in the direction of production (HB).

% heat shrinkage: A piece of web of 12 inches (30.48 cm) • 14 inches (35.56 cm) is placed in a thermostat for approximately 4 minutes at a predetermined temperature (for example, 37 ^° C or 54 ^° C). Prior to heating, the sample is marked at certain intervals in the orientation direction. After heating, the sample is again measured and the decrease in the distance between the marks is measured to determine% shrinkage.

 Stretch / Shrink (50% Six Cycle Stretch Test): Sample 3 inches (7.62 cm) • 6 inches (15.24 cm) stretch in the direction of the target elongation to 50% at a speed of 20 inches / min (50.8 cm / min) and return to its original state 2 inches (5.08 cm) in six cycles. At the end of the seventh cycle, the sample is left for 1 min. Then the sample is returned to the initial state of compression and left for 1 min. The sample is then stretched until the load is 10 g. Instant recovery, delayed recovery and percentage are calculated. Tensile stress and compressive stress are calculated at 30% elongation in the first and second cycles, respectively. Testing is carried out on Sintech 1 / S or 2 / S equipment using the TESTWORKS program for Windows 3.02 to record data.

Пример 1
Пленку 100 г/м² получают по стандартной методике выдувания пленки, и такая пленка содержит 55 мас. % карбоната кальция, покрытого стеариновой кислотой, в качестве наполнителя и около 45 мас.% полимера. Полимер содержит смесь 75 мас.% полиэтиленового эластомера низкой плотности, AFFINITY EG8200 (0.87 г/см³, 5 ИР) от Dow Chemical Co. и 25 мас.% линейного полиэтилена низкой плотности AFFINITY PL 1845 (0,91 г/см³, 3,5 ИР) от Dow Chemical Co. Затем пленку растягивают в направлении выработки в 5,3 раза от ее исходной длины, используя устройство ориентации в направлении выработки от Marshall and Williams Co. Медленный вал имеет температуру окружающей среды и скорость около 42 фута в минуту (ф/мин) (12,8 м/мин), быстрый вал имеет температуру 130^oF (49^oC) и скорость около 217 ф/мин (66,14 м/мин). Валки для отжига имеют температуру 130^oF (49^oC) и температуру окружающей среды, скорость соответствующих валков для отжига составляет 204 ф/мин (62,18 м/мин) и 135 ф/мин (41,15 м/мин). Растянутую пленку втягивают на валки для отжига, получая дышащую микропористую пленку, имеющую конечное соотношение растягивания 3,3 раза от ее исходной длины и основной вес около 38 г/м². Натянутую пленку с наполнителем приклеивают к 27 г/м² поперечно суженному полотну на основе скрученных полипропиленовых волокон с помощью около 3 г/м² аморфного полиальфаолефина от Huntsman Corp. под названием REXTAC 2730. Полученный слоистый материал имеет основной вес около 64 г/м².

Example 1
A film of 100 g / m ^{2 was} obtained according to the standard method of blowing a film, and such a film contains 55 wt. % calcium carbonate coated with stearic acid as a filler and about 45 wt.% polymer. The polymer contains a mixture of 75 wt.% Low density polyethylene elastomer, AFFINITY EG8200 (0.87 g / cm ³ , 5 TS) from Dow Chemical Co. and 25 wt.% linear low density polyethylene AFFINITY PL 1845 (0.91 g / cm ³ , 3.5 TS) from Dow Chemical Co. Then the film is stretched in the direction of the output 5.3 times from its original length, using the orientation device in the direction of the output from Marshall and Williams Co. A slow shaft has an ambient temperature and a speed of about 42 feet per minute (f / min) (12.8 m / min), a fast shaft has a temperature of 130 ^o F (49 ^o C) and a speed of about 217 f / min (66.14 m / min). The annealing rolls have a temperature of 130 ^° F (49 ^° C) and ambient temperature, the speed of the corresponding annealing rolls is 204 f / min (62.18 m / min) and 135 f / min (41.15 m / min). The stretched film is pulled onto the annealing rolls to obtain a breathable microporous film having a final stretch ratio of 3.3 times of its original length and a base weight of about 38 g / m ² . A stretched film with a filler is glued to 27 g / m ^{2 of a} transversely narrowed web based on twisted polypropylene fibers with about 3 g / m ^{2 of} amorphous polyalphaolefin from Huntsman Corp. under the name REXTAC 2730. The resulting laminate has a base weight of about 64 g / m ² .

The stretched film with a filler has a shrink of 6% (at a temperature of 37 ^o C after 4 minutes). The layered material has a shrink of 0% (at a temperature of 37 ^{° C.} after 4 minutes), a hydrostatic head of 171 mbar and an SPVP of 1327 g / m ² / day. The layered material has a tensile stress of the first cycle of 461 g, a compression stress of the second cycle of 111 g and a hysteresis of 76%. The tensile strength of the laminate after 50% of the cycle is 664 g.

Example 2
A film of 100 g / m ^{2 was} prepared according to a standard film blowing technique, and such a film contains 55% by weight of calcium carbonate coated with stearic acid as a filler and about 45% by weight of polymer. The polymer contains a mixture of 25 wt. % low density polyethylene elastomer, AFFINITY EG8200 (0.87 g / cm ³ , 5 TS) from Dow Chemical Co. and 75 wt.% linear low density polyethylene AFFINITY PL 1845 (0.91 g / cm ³ , 3.5 TS) from Dow Chemical Co. The film is then stretched in the direction of the yoke 5.2 times from its original length using an orientation device in the direction of the yoke from Marshall and Williams Co. The slow shaft has an ambient temperature and a speed of about 43 f / min (13.11 m / min), the fast shaft has a temperature of 190 ^o F (72 ^o C) and a speed of about 215 f / min (65.53 m / min). The first annealing roll has a temperature of 190 ^o F (72 ^o C) and a speed of 205 f / min (62.48 m / min) and the second annealing roll has an ambient temperature and a speed of 135 f / min (41.15 m / min ) The stretched film is pulled onto the annealing rolls to obtain a breathable microporous film having a final stretching ratio of 3.3 times of its original length and a base weight of about 35 g / m ² . A stretched film with a filler is glued to 27 g / m ^{2 of a} transversely narrowed web based on twisted polypropylene fibers with about 3 g / m ^{2 of} amorphous polyalphaolefin from Huntsman Corp. under the name REXTAC 2730. The resulting laminate has a base weight of about 65 g / m ² .

The stretched film with filler has a shrink of 0% (at a temperature of 37 ^o C after 4 minutes). The layered material has a shrink of 0% (at a temperature of 37 ^{° C.} after 4 minutes), a hydrostatic head of 192 mbar and an SPVP of 3115 g / m ² / day. The layered material has a tensile stress of the first cycle of 818 g, a compression stress of the second cycle of 98 g and a hysteresis of 88%. The tensile strength of the laminate after 50% of the cycle is 729 g.

Example 3
A film of 100 g / m ^{2 was} obtained according to the standard method of blowing a film, and such a film contains 55 wt. % calcium carbonate coated with stearic acid as a filler and about 45 wt.% polymer. The polymer contains a mixture of 50 wt.% Low density polyethylene elastomer, AFFINITY EG8200 (0.87 g / cm ³ , 5 TS) from Dow Chemical Co. and 50 wt.% linear low density polyethylene AFFINITY PL 1845 (0.91 g / cm ³ , 3.5 TS) from Dow Chemical Co. The film is then stretched in the direction of the yoke 5.2 times from its original length using an orientation device in the direction of the yoke from Marshall and Williams Co. The slow shaft has an ambient temperature and a speed of about 43 f / min (13.11 m / min), the fast shaft has a temperature of 160 ^o F (60.8 ^o C) and a speed of about 214 f / min (65.23 m / min ) The first annealing roll has a temperature of 160 ^o F (60.8 ^o C) and a speed of 220 f / min (67 m / min) and the second annealing roll has an ambient temperature and a speed of 135 f / min (41.15 m / min ) The stretched film is pulled onto the annealing rolls to obtain a breathable microporous film having a final stretch ratio of 3.3 times of its original length. A stretched film with a filler is glued to 27 g / m ^{2 of a} transversely narrowed web based on twisted polypropylene fibers with about 3 g / m ^{2 of} amorphous polyalphaolefin from Huntsman Corp. under the name REXTAC 2730. The resulting laminate has a base weight of about 67 g / m ² .

The stretched film with a filler has a shrink of 1% (at a temperature of 37 ^o C after 4 minutes). The layered material has a shrink of 0% (at a temperature of 37 ^{° C.} after 4 minutes), a hydrostatic head of 183 mbar and an SPVP of 2257 g / m ² / day. The layered material has a tensile stress of the first cycle of 610 g, a compression stress of the second cycle of 137 g and a hysteresis of 78%. The tensile strength of the laminate after 50% of the cycle is 991 g.

Example 4
A film of 100 g / m ^{2 was} prepared by a standard film blowing technique, and such a film contains 55% by weight of calcium carbonate coated with stearic acid as a filler and about 45% by weight of polymer. The polymer contains a mixture of 75 wt.% Low density polyethylene elastomer, AFFINITY EG8200 (0.87 g / cm ³ , 5 TS) from Dow Chemical Co. and 25 wt.% linear low density polyethylene AFFINITY PL 1845 (0.91 g / cm ³ , 3.5 TS) from Dow Chemical Co. The film is then stretched in the working direction 6.5 times from its original length using the orientation device in the working direction from Marshall and Williams Co. The slow shaft has an ambient temperature and a speed of about 35 f / min (10.67 m / min), the fast shaft has a temperature of 160 ^o F (60.8 ^o C) and a speed of about 214 f / min (65.23 m / min ) The first annealing roll has a temperature of 160 ^o F (60.8 ^o C) and a speed of 203 f / min (61.87 m / min) and the second annealing roll has an ambient temperature and a speed of 111 f / min (33.83 m / min). The stretched film is pulled onto the annealing rolls to obtain a breathable microporous film having a final stretching ratio of 3.7 times its initial length and a base weight of about 35 g / m ² . A stretched film with a filler is glued to 27 g / m ^{2 of a} transversely narrowed web based on twisted polypropylene fibers with about 3 g / m ^{2 of} amorphous polyalphaolefin from Huntsman Corp. under the name REXTAC 2730. The resulting laminate has a base weight of about 66 g / m ² .

The stretched film with filler has a shrink of 0% (at a temperature of 37 ^o C after 4 minutes). The layered material has a shrink of 0% (at a temperature of 37 ^{° C.} after 4 minutes), a hydrostatic head of 172 mbar and an SPVP of 2482 g / m ² / day. The layered material has a tensile stress of the first cycle of 855 g, a compression stress of the second cycle of 120 g and a hysteresis of 79%. The tensile strength of the laminate after 50% of the cycle is 937 g.

 Despite the fact that various patents and other sources are included in this description by reference, in the case when the included materials do not meet this description, you should be guided by this description. In addition, although the invention has been described in detail using certain options, one skilled in the art will appreciate the various changes, modifications, and other changes that may be made to this invention without departing from the scope of this invention. Therefore, the claims include all such modifications, alterations, and other replacements.

Claims (29)

1. Thermostable breathable film comprising a thermoplastic polymer mixture containing a first ethylene polymer having a density below 0.89 g / cm ³ and a second ethylene polymer having a density above 0.90 g / cm ³ , wherein said first ethylene polymer is 25 - 75 wt. % of said thermoplastic polymer blend; a filler comprising at least 35 wt. % Of said film, wherein said film has voids between adjacent filler particles and, in addition, said film has a rate of water vapor transmission (WVTR) equal to at least 300 g / m ^2/24 hours at 37 ^o C and shrinkage when heated less than 15% at a temperature of 37 ^o C.  2. Thermostable film according to claim 1, where the specified film has a shrinkage when heated less than 10%. 3. Thermostable breathable film of Claim. 1, wherein said film has a WVTR greater than 800 g / m ^2/24 hours at 37 ^o C. 4. Thermostable film according to Claim. 1, wherein said film has a WVTR greater than 1500 g / dm ^2/24 hours at 37 ^o C. 5. Thermostable film according to claim 4, where the specified film has a shrinkage when heated less than 5% at a temperature of 54 ^o C. 6. Thermostable film according to claim 1, where the specified ethylene polymer has a density of 0.89 - 0.86 g / cm ³ .  7. Thermostable film according to claim 1, where the specified filler is at least 50 wt. % of the specified film. 8. The film of claim thermostable. 7, wherein said film has a WVTR in excess of 800 g / m ^2/24 hours at 37 ^o C. 9. Thermostable film according to claim 8, where the specified film has a shrinkage when heated less than 10% at a temperature of 54 ^o C.  10. Thermostable film according to claim 1, wherein said first ethylene polymer is about 40-60 wt. % of the indicated thermoplastic polymer mixture.  11. Thermostable film according to claim 1, where the specified first ethylene polymer is about 50 wt. % of the indicated thermoplastic polymer mixture. 12. Thermostable laminated film material comprising the thermostable film according to claim 1 and a fibrous layer attached to the specified laminate, where the specified laminate has a shrinkage of less than 5% at a temperature of 54 ^o C. 13. Thermostable laminated film material according to p. 12, where the specified laminated material has a shrinkage of less than 1% at a temperature of 54 ^o C. 14. Thermostable film laminate of claim. 12 wherein said laminate has a WVTR over 2000 g / m ^2/24 hours.  15. Thermostable laminated film material according to p. 12, where the specified first polyethylene polymer is 30 to 70 wt. % of the indicated thermoplastic polymer mixture.  16. Thermostable laminated film material according to claim 14, wherein said first ethylene polymer is 40-60 wt. % of the indicated thermoplastic polymer mixture.  17. Thermostable laminated film material according to claim 13, wherein said first ethylene polymer and a second ethylene polymer comprise 50 wt. % of the indicated thermoplastic polymer mixture.  18. The thermostable laminated film material of claim 12, wherein said fibrous layer includes a nonwoven fabric.  19. The thermostable laminated film material of claim 18, wherein said fibrous layer comprises an extensible nonwoven web.  20. The thermostable laminated film material of claim 19, wherein said fibrous layer includes a transversely tapered non-woven fabric. 21. An absorbent article to be worn on the body, including a liquid-permeable pad, an absorbent middle layer and a thermostable laminated film material, including a breathable film and a fibrous layer, wherein said absorbent middle layer is located between said liquid-permeable pad and said thermostable laminated film material; said breathable film contains an effective amount of a filler and a thermoplastic polymer mixture, said thermoplastic polymer mixture comprising 30-70 wt. % of the first ethylene polymer having a density below 0.89 g / cm ³ and 30 to 70 wt. % Of a second ethylene polymer having a density above 0.90 g / cm ³ and wherein said film has voids between adjacent filler particles and said film has a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) equal to at least 300 g / m ^2/24 h at a temperature of 37 ^o C, and the specified layered material has a shrinkage when heated less than 5% at a temperature of 54 ^o C.  22. An absorbent article for wearing on a body according to claim 21, wherein said fibrous layer is an extensible non-woven fabric.  23. An absorbent article for wearing on a body according to claim 22, wherein said tensile nonwoven fabric includes a transversely tapered nonwoven fabric.  24. An absorbent product according to claim 23, wherein said tensile nonwoven fabric includes a transversely narrowed nonwoven fabric based on polypropylene fibers of a spunbond production method.  25. An absorbent product according to claim 22, wherein said non-woven fabric is an elastic non-woven fabric.  26. An absorbent product according to claim 21, where the specified thermoplastic polymer mixture contains 60 to 40 wt. % of the specified first ethylene polymer.  27. An absorbent product according to claim 26, where the specified second thermoplastic polymer contains about 50 wt. % of the second ethylene polymer. 28. The absorbent article of claim. 26 wherein said breathable film has a WVTR above 1500 g / m ^2/24 hours at 37 ^o C. 29. The absorbent product according to p. 21, where the breathable film has a shrinkage when heated less than 5% at a temperature of 54 ^o C.

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