RU2200631C2 - Method of gravity concentration of ores and device for realization of this method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: concentration of minerals; extraction of diamonds, noble metals and other minerals from raw material. SUBSTANCE: method includes introduction of pulp into separation zone, translational motion in separation zone under action of vibrations directed at angle of 10-30 deg. from horizontal plane in parallel with chute in way of motion and in counter flow and separation of extracted products. Device proposed for realization of this method includes sledge, platform at adjustable angle of inclination from horizontal plane at 10 to 30 deg. , vibration drive mounted on platform, frame mounted on hinged supports in parallel with platform, chute with sills widening towards unloading end; said chute is mounted on frame. Proposed method increases degree of concentration and improves quality of concentrate ensuring mobility of plant. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 4 cl, 6 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the enrichment of minerals, namely, the allocation of diamonds, noble and other useful components from mineral raw materials.

 A known method and device for the enrichment of mineral raw materials (Shokhin V.N., Lopatin A.G. Gravity methods of enrichment, M .: Nedra, 1960, p. 368-369).

 The method includes dividing the material by density, precipitation of heavy minerals and their intergrowths from the zone of action of the surface flow, immersing them in the thickness of the moving bed under the influence of vibration and moving to the place of unloading.

 The device includes a housing, a grill, a pocket, an adjustable nozzle for the release of concentrate, an intermediate threshold and perforated pipes (irrigation).

 The disadvantages of the known method and device are the low degree of concentration, the extraction of heavy minerals and the speed of the enrichment process.

 A known method of gravitational concentration of ores, including the introduction of pulp into the separation zone, its translational motion with simultaneous exposure to vibrational vibrations in the horizontal plane and the withdrawal of the selected fractions. In this case, the pulp in the separation zone is subjected to a pulsating effect of water (USSR patent 1557759, IPC B 03 B 7/00).

 A device for gravitational enrichment is known, containing a frame with a vibrodrive installed on it, a platform and tapering from the loading end to the discharge trough, having partitions (USSR patent 1438062, IPC B 03 V 5/26).

The disadvantages of the method and device for gravitational enrichment are:
- tapering tray contributes to the demolition of the useful component caused by an increase in the speed of movement of the pulp;
- providing a pulsating effect of water in the separation zone complicates the design of the device and increases the cost;
- the accumulation of sublattice material, contributes to the clogging of the undergrate chambers and reduces the ripple of water in them;
- increase in the time of removal of concentrates and their volume;
- it is difficult to clean the device from impenetrable grains after processing samples (cleaning grids requires a lot of time);
- the design of the device does not provide the possibility of self-transportation inside the site;
- there is no possibility of isolating the mineral complex.

 The proposed technical solution is aimed at increasing the degree of concentration and quality of the concentrate, increasing the speed of the enrichment process, the allocation of the mineral complex and ensuring the mobility of the installation.

 The method of gravitational ore dressing involves the introduction of pulp into the separation zone, translational movement in the separation zone under the influence of vibrational vibrations directed at an angle of 10-30 degrees from the horizontal plane parallel to the gutter along and against the course, output of the selected products.

 A device for gravity ore dressing contains a sled, a platform configured to change the angle of inclination by 10-30 degrees from the horizontal plane, a vibrodrive mounted on the platform, a frame mounted on hinged supports parallel to the platform, a gutter with thresholds, expanding to the discharge end and installed on the frame. The gutter can be made in the form of a series of separate chambers with thresholds with the possibility, as necessary, of releasing a useful component (concentrate) without stopping the operation of the device from any camera, in any order and in any number of times. The gutter can be made with thresholds having backward-curved ends and an adjustable hole in the middle of each threshold for the continuous release of a useful component (concentrate).

The application of vibrational vibrations directed at an angle of 10-30 degrees from the horizontal plane parallel to the gutter along and against the direction of movement of the pulp, eliminates the occurrence of the effect of compaction of the pulp between the bottom of the gutter and the thresholds. Reducing the angle of application of vibrational vibrations of less than 10 ^o dramatically reduces the performance of the device, unjustifiably leads to an increase in the volume of concentrate and reduces the degree of reduction. Increasing the angle of application of vibrational vibrations of more than 30 ^o dramatically reduces the volume of the concentrate and the accumulation zone of the useful component, which leads to the loss of the useful component.

 A device for gravity ore dressing is illustrated by drawings.

 In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a device for gravitational ore dressing; in FIG. 2 is a top view of a trough for processing exploratory monomineral samples; figure 3 is a General view of the trough for the continuous enrichment of monomineral raw materials with a number of separate chambers with thresholds; figure 4 is a top view of the gutter with a number of individual cameras with thresholds; figure 5 is a General view of the gutter for processing complex raw materials; Fig.6 is a top view of the gutter with thresholds with bent back ends with adjustable holes in the middle of the thresholds.

 The device (figure 1, 2) includes a sled base 1, platform 2, vibro drive 3, articulated supports 4, frame 5, gutter 6.

 A platform 2 is installed on the sled base 1, which has the ability to change its angle of inclination relative to the base by an angle of 10-30 degrees. A vibrodrive 3 is mounted on the platform 2, consisting of an electric motor and an eccentric assembly 8. An eccentric assembly 8, receiving a rotational movement from the electric motor 7 by means of a V-belt drive, converts it into a push motion (oscillations) with a certain amplitude, depending on the size of the sample.

 Fluctuations from the eccentric assembly 8 are transmitted through a spherical support to a frame 5 mounted on a platform 2 on hinged supports 4. A groove 6 is mounted on the frame 5, expanding from the loading end to the unloading end. Thresholds are set along the length of the gutter 9. Sprinklers 10 are mounted at the top of the loading part and at the bottom in front of the thresholds.

 The chute 6 (Fig. 3,4) can be made with flow regulators of the pulp 11 and in the form of separate chambers with thresholds 12, which have different widths and along the length of the chute are installed with expansion from the loading end to the unloading end, each chamber has the possibility of independent unloading without device shutdowns.

 The thresholds 9 (Fig. 5,6) can be made with the ends bent back and have an adjustable hole in the middle of each threshold for the constant release of a useful component (concentrate).

The device operates as follows. Material prepared for enrichment (useful components have a density of more than 3.2 g / cm ³ ): for loose deposits - disintegrated and dispersed for diamonds during prospecting in class - 8 mm, for exploration for diamonds and precious metals in class - 16 mm , and for complex raw materials and mining of diamonds and precious metals - at the maximum size of useful components; for dense rocks - crushed to a grain size, ensuring the preservation of diamond crystals and the disclosure of grains of useful components, is fed into the loading part of the gutter, in which it is mixed with water supplied through irrigators. At the same time, the electric motor is turned on and the eccentric assembly transmits vibrational vibrations to the frame on the hinged supports, on which a trough with thresholds is installed, which is structurally made expanding from the loading part to the unloading part.

 Vibrational vibrations are applied to the pulp flowing down the trays at an angle of 10-30 degrees from the horizontal plane parallel to the groove along and against the direction of movement of the pulp. The amplitude depends on the size of the starting material and can vary from 1 ± 0.05 mm to 3 ± 0.05 mm. This prevents the formation of a compacted layer of material, which does not allow the useful component to sink to the bottom of the gutter. To improve the conditions for washing out waste rock at the bottom of the trays, irrigators are built in. The amount of water depends on the material being processed. After passing the breakdown of all the thresholds of the gutter, the empty material enters the dump. The material accumulated in front of the thresholds when they are opened is collected in a container.

 During continuous processing of monomineral raw materials, a gutter is installed in the form of separate chambers with thresholds that allow the release of a useful component (concentrate) without stopping the operation of the device, in any order and in any number of removals.

 When processing complex raw materials, the gutter thresholds are made with ends bent back and have adjustable holes in the middle of each threshold (depending on the amount of useful component) for continuous release of concentrate. Concentrate is produced continuously in the storage tank.

The advantages of the proposed method and device for its implementation are as follows:
- the application of vibrational vibrations at an angle of 10-30 degrees from the horizontal plane along and against the course of the movement of the pulp leads to the extraction of the useful component, including including finer grains at thresholds of up to 100%, which ensures high overall recoverability with high enrichment efficiency;
- increasing the angle of inclination of the tray increases productivity with relatively low capital costs and low operating costs;
- the ability to enrich the material in a continuous mode.

Claims (4)

 1. The method of gravitational enrichment, including the introduction of pulp into the separation zone, translational movement in the separation zone under the influence of vibrational vibrations on it, output of the selected fractions, characterized in that the application of vibrational vibrations is carried out at an angle of 10-30 degrees. from a horizontal plane parallel to the gutter in and against the direction of movement of the pulp.  2. A device for gravitational ore dressing, including a frame, platform, vibrodrive, gutter, with thresholds installed across the gutter, characterized in that the device is mounted on a sled, the platform is configured to change the angle of inclination by 10-30 degrees. from a horizontal plane, a vibrodrive is installed on the platform, a frame with a chute is installed parallel to the platform on the hinged supports, expanding from the loading end to the unloading end.  3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the trough is made in the form of a series of separate chambers with thresholds with the possibility, as necessary, of releasing a useful component (concentrate) without stopping the operation of the device, from any camera, in any order and in any number of times.  4. The device according to p. 2, characterized in that the trough is made with thresholds having bent back ends and an adjustable hole in the middle of each threshold for constant release of the concentrate.

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