RU220020U1 - TOOL FOR WRITING AND DRAWING - Google Patents

Abstract

The principle of the technical solution is a writing and drawing instrument that uses a multi-colored pastel lead that allows you to create a very smooth transition between individual color tones. The technical solution can be used to produce writing and drawing tools, while providing complex color effects and very smooth color transitions with a minimum number of drawing tools.

Description

Field of technology to which the utility model belongs

The principle of the technical solution is a writing and drawing instrument that uses a multi-colored pastel lead that allows you to create a very smooth transition between individual color tones.

State of the art

Multicolour ballpoint pens with retractable colored writing inserts or mechanical pens with retractable colored leads are known in the art. Also known are multicolor markers with two or more refills, which are supplied with ink from separate cartridges, for example according to copyright CS 262982 B1. In addition, there is a tri-core pencil according to copyright CS 193312 B1, used to pre-draw double lines in carpentry work.

In the field of classic pencil products equipped with a single multi-colored lead, a lead is known which consists of individual color regions arranged essentially parallel to the axis of the lead according to the published German patent application DE 3006684 AI. The lead can have different cross-sections, which also determine the cross-sectional shape of the longitudinal color areas. However, all longitudinal areas also affect the surface of the lead.

The disadvantage of this known solution is that when writing or drawing with the stylus in the same oblique position, a one-color or at most two-color line is created. To achieve the effect of changing color, the stylus must be rotated around its axis, which is uncomfortable and inconvenient during standard writing or drawing.

This problem is dealt with in CZ 16234 U1, which relates to a multi-color pastel cylindrical lead writing and drawing instrument that has longitudinal color areas that are generally parallel to the axis of the lead. The principle of the technical solution is based on a solution in which at least one of the color areas lies inside the pastel lead, does not affect the side surface of the lead shell and exits in the dotted area.

The advantages of this technical solution include the fact that it creates a multi-color line, consisting of several writing paths of different colors, without the need to rotate the writing instrument around its axis when writing or drawing.

The disadvantage of other solutions currently available is that they do not allow you to create a perfectly smooth transition between individual color tones.

Technical solution principle

The subject of the technical solution is a writing and drawing instrument that meets the above and other purposes and uses a multi-color pastel lead that allows you to create a very smooth transition between individual color tones. The transition between individual color tones is created by lead depletion and can change dynamically with a given tilt or applied pressure. This ensures that a completely original and unique footprint is always created.

A writing and drawing tool according to the technical solution allows you to create artworks that use the application of a selected color tone, followed by two other tones that are mutually similar, but should not be similar to the selected color tone.

The principle of the technical solution is thus that a writing and drawing instrument with a cylindrical pastel lead consists of longitudinal parts that are essentially parallel to the axis (1, 2, 3) of the lead, the parts (1) being formed by the first color tone, the parts (2) are formed by the second color tone, and the parts (3) are formed by the third color tone. The claimed first, second and third color tones are different from each other and fall within the C1 to C6 color space regions of the CIELAB 1976 colorimetric system under standard D65 illumination and a 10° viewpoint of an additional standard observer. In addition, the following provisions apply:

the first hue and the second hue fall under the same CIELAB color space region; And

the third hue either falls under the same CIELAB color space region as the first and second hue, or falls under a different CIELAB color space region than the first and second hue.

The expression that the parts are substantially parallel to the axis of the lead means that, ideally, all or almost all of these parts are mutually parallel or extend along the entire length of the lead. However, this also includes cases where certain parts, especially along the outer edge of the lead, are deformed, interrupted, or not exactly parallel to the axis of the lead due to this manufacturing process.

There are three types of longitudinal parts in the lead, which have three different color tones.

The first, second, and third hues are defined to fall within the C1 to C6 color space region of the standard CIELAB 1976 colorimetric system in use (hereinafter referred to as "CIELAB") under standard D65 illumination and a 10° viewpoint of an additional standard observer.

To objectively determine the color tone, standard illumination D65 (daylight) is used. It is specified in the ASTM Dl729 standard as the spectral intensity of the radiation, that is, the intensity of the radiation in relation to the wavelength. In addition, the standard viewing angle of 10° and the standard spectral sensitivity of the observer's eye as defined by the CIE are used.

The CIELAB colorimetric system is a spatial specification to which the color spectrum belongs in three-dimensional space, while the color area in this system can be defined as a color solid, which can be unambiguously described graphically or in tabular form.

The CIELAB colorimetric system is also known as the CIE L*a*b* 1976 colorimetric system, where

CIE is the abbreviation for the International Committee on Lighting (Commission intemationale de 1'éclairage),

L* is the specific brightness (if the color is light or dark), and

a*b* - coordinates on the chromatic area of the CIELAB colorimetric system, where the a-axis shows colors from green to red, and the b-axis from blue to yellow.

In order to be able to display 3D models of a color solid in a plane, it is possible to display a cross-sectional projection plot of a constant specific brightness L* from 10 to 90 units in 10 unit steps in a plane with coordinates a*b*.

This illustration is also used in the presented technical solution, where the graphs show the individual assigned lines L* in the inserted frame.

On the right side of each figure, you can see a plot of the body profile of the highest specific purity sample area on the area defined by the C*L* coordinates (for clarity, the C*L* plot only shows the curve of the highest purity sample area), where

C* - specific purity, determined by the formula

.

To unambiguously define individual areas for the purposes of the presented technical solution, summary tables 1 to 6 are given. They include the values of colorimetric coordinates for areas C1 to C6 for the CIELAB colorimetric system, as well as for the derivative CIELCh colorimetric system, which is, in contrast to from the CIELAB orthogonal system, a cylindrical coordinate system in which the third coordinate is formed by the specific tone angle h° (indicated as hab in the tables), the value of which can be between 0 and 360°, and which can be calculated from the a*b* coordinates using the following formula:

.

For practical reasons, the values of the individual coordinates are rounded off and set on the basis of the individual cross-sections of the constant specific brightness L*, as shown by the accompanying graphs in the figures. All data calculated for CIE, D65 standard illuminant and an additional 10° standard observer.

Table 1 Region C1 Lighting: D65 Observer: 10° coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 L* 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 a* -10 -17 -15 -13 -12 -10 -10 -8 -6 0 4 eleven 19 thirty 34 34 1 -2 -10 b* 5 0 -4 -6 -9 -10 -14 -16 -20 -24 -27 -32 -34 -36 -29 -29 2 3 5 C*ab eleven 17 16 14 14 14 17 18 21 24 27 34 39 47 44 45 2 4 eleven hub 152 180 194 206 217 226 236 244 253 269 279 289 299 309 320 320 73 126 152 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 L* 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 a* -20 -41 -35 -27 -24 -20 19 -16 -12 -1 7 18 31 48 54 55 1 -5 -20 b* eleven 0 -6 -10 -14 -17 -23 -26 -33 -39 -42 -51 -55 -58 46 -46 4 7 eleven C*ab 23 41 36 29 28 26 thirty thirty 35 39 43 54 63 76 71 72 4 8 23 hub 151 180 190 200 210 220 229 239 249 269 279 289 299 310 320 320 74 123 151 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 L* thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty a* -23 -47 -40 -31 -28 -23 -22 -18 -14 -1 8 20 35 55 61 62 1 -5 -23 b* 13 0 -7 -eleven -16 19 -26 -thirty -37 -44 -48 -57 -62 -66 -52 -52 5 8 13 C*ab 26 47 40 33 32 thirty 34 34 39 44 49 61 71 86 80 81 5 9 26 hub 151 180 190 200 210 220 229 239 249 269 279 289 299 310 320 320 74 123 151 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 L* 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 a* -21 -43 -36 -28 -25 -21 -20 -16 -13 -1 7 18 32 50 56 56 1 -5 -21 b* 12 0 -6 -10 -14 -17 -23 -27 -34 -40 -44 -52 -57 -60 -47 -47 4 7 12 C*ab 24 43 37 thirty 29 27 31 31 36 40 44 55 65 78 73 74 4 9 24 hub 151 180 190 200 210 220 229 239 249 269 279 289 299 310 320 320 74 123 151 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 L* 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 a* -16 -32 -28 -22 -20 -16 -16 -12 -10 0 6 14 25 39 43 44 1 -4 -16 b* 9 0 -5 -8 -eleven -14 -18 -21 -26 -31 -34 -41 -44 -47 -37 -37 3 6 9 C*ab 19 32 28 23 23 21 24 24 28 31 35 43 51 61 57 57 3 7 19 hub 151 180 190 200 210 220 229 239 249 269 279 289 299 310 320 320 74 123 151

Table 1 - continued
Area C1 - continued coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 L* 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 a* -9 -16 -15 -12 -eleven -9 -9 -7 -6 0 4 10 19 29 33 33 1 -2 -9 b* 5 0 -4 -6 -8 -10 -14 -16 -20 -24 -26 -31 -34 -36 -28 -28 2 3 5 C*ab eleven 16 15 13 14 14 16 18 21 24 26 33 38 46 43 43 2 4 eleven hub 152 180 194 206 217 227 237 245 253 269 278 288 299 309 320 320 73 126 152 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 L* 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 a* -5 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -5 -4 -3 0 2 6 eleven 19 22 22 0 -1 -5 b* 3 0 -2 -3 -5 -6 -9 -eleven -14 -18 19 -24 -26 -27 -21 -21 1 2 3 C*ab 6 9 8 7 8 8 eleven 12 15 18 19 24 28 33 thirty 31 1 2 6 hub 152 180 194 207 220 231 242 250 257 269 276 284 293 305 316 317 73 126 152 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 L* 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 a* -3 -4 -4 -3 -3 -3 -2 -2 -2 0 1 3 5 9 eleven eleven 0 -1 -3 b* 1 0 -1 -2 -2 -3 -5 -6 -8 -10 -eleven -14 -16 -17 -12 -13 1 1 1 C*ab 3 4 4 4 4 4 5 6 8 10 eleven 15 17 20 16 17 1 1 3 hub 152 180 194 207 220 231 242 250 258 270 275 281 288 298 311 311 73 126 152 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 17 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 L* 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 a* -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 0 0 0 1 1 2 3 3 0 0 -1 b* 0 0 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1 -2 -3 -3 -4 -4 -5 -3 -3 0 0 0 C*ab 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 5 5 4 4 0 0 1 hub 152 180 194 207 220 231 242 250 258 270 275 281 288 297 311 311 73 126 152

table 2 Region C2 Lighting: D65 Observer: 10° coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 L* 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 a* 3 8 16 25 29 31 28 26 26 23 23 24 23 13 4 0 1 3 b* -23 -28 -thirty -32 -25 -18 -10 -4 0 3 5 7 8 8 3 1 -13 -23 C*ab 23 29 34 41 38 36 thirty 27 26 23 24 25 25 15 5 1 13 23 hub 277 286 297 308 319 329 340 351 360 7 12 16 19 32 42 63 274 277 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 L* 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 a* 6 16 28 44 50 53 49 46 45 41 41 42 41 24 8 1 2 6 b* -39 -47 -50 -53 -42 -31 -18 -8 0 7 15 23 27 26 9 2 -23 -39 C*ab 39 49 58 69 65 62 52 47 45 41 44 48 49 35 12 2 23 39 hub 279 289 299 310 320 330 340 350 360 10 20 28 33 48 48 64 275 279 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 L* thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty a* 9 23 40 62 69 74 68 64 63 57 57 59 57 33 eleven 1 3 9 b* -54 -65 -70 -74 -58 -43 -25 -eleven 0 10 21 34 45 44 12 3 -32 -54 C*ab 55 69 80 96 90 86 73 65 63 58 61 68 73 55 16 3 32 55 hub 279 289 299 310 320 330 340 350 360 10 20 thirty 39 53 48 64 275 279 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 L* 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 a* eleven 27 48 74 83 89 83 77 76 68 69 71 68 40 13 2 4 eleven b* -65 -78 -85 -90 -70 -52 -thirty -14 0 12 25 41 57 54 14 4 -38 -65 C*ab 66 83 97 116 109 103 88 78 76 69 74 82 89 67 19 4 39 66 hub 279 289 299 310 320 330 340 350 360 10 20 thirty 40 54 48 64 275 279 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 L* 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 a* eleven 28 48 75 84 91 84 78 77 69 70 72 70 40 13 2 4 eleven b* -66 -79 -86 -91 -71 -53 -31 -14 0 12 26 42 58 55 15 4 -39 -66 C*ab 67 84 99 118 111 105 89 80 77 70 75 83 91 68 20 4 39 67 hub 279 289 299 310 320 330 340 350 360 10 20 thirty 40 54 48 64 275 279

Table 2 - continued
Area C2 - continued coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 L* 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 a* 10 25 44 68 76 82 76 71 70 63 63 65 63 37 12 2 3 10 b* -60 -72 -77 -82 -64 47 -28 -12 0 eleven 23 38 52 49 13 3 -35 -60 C*ab 61 76 89 107 100 95 81 72 70 64 68 75 81 61 18 4 35 61 hub 279 289 299 310 320 330 340 350 360 10 20 thirty 39 53 48 64 275 279 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 L* 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 a* 7 19 33 51 57 61 57 53 52 47 47 49 47 27 9 1 2 7 b* -45 -53 -58 -61 48 -35 -21 -9 0 8 17 28 34 33 10 2 -26 45 C*ab 45 57 66 80 75 71 60 54 52 48 50 56 58 43 13 3 26 45 hub 279 289 299 310 320 330 340 350 360 10 20 thirty 36 51 48 64 275 279 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 L* 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 a* 5 12 21 32 36 39 36 34 33 thirty thirty 31 thirty 17 6 1 2 5 b* -28 -34 -37 -39 -31 -23 -13 -6 0 5 8 eleven 13 13 5 2 -17 -28 C*ab 29 36 42 51 47 45 38 34 33 thirty 31 33 33 22 8 2 17 29 hub 279 289 299 310 320 330 340 350 360 9 16 20 24 37 44 64 275 279 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 L* 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 a* 1 3 6 10 eleven 12 eleven 10 10 9 9 9 9 5 1 0 0 1 b* -12 -15 -17 -18 -13 -8 4 -2 0 1 2 3 3 3 1 0 -5 -12 C*ab 12 15 18 21 17 15 12 10 10 9 9 10 9 5 2 0 5 12 hub 275 281 289 298 311 326 340 352 360 7 12 15 18 32 42 63 274 275

Table 3 Region C3 Lighting: D65 Observer: 10° coord. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven L* 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 a* eleven 10 8 5 3 2 0 0 1 4 eleven b* 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 0 0 3 C*ab eleven eleven 9 7 5 4 4 2 1 4 eleven hub 16 19 24 35 49 68 83 94 327 5 16 coord. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven L* 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 a* 23 22 18 12 7 3 1 0 1 9 23 b* 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 5 -1 1 7 C*ab 24 24 20 14 eleven 9 8 5 2 9 24 hub 17 20 25 35 49 68 83 94 327 5 17 coord. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven L* thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty a* 40 39 32 23 14 7 2 -1 3 17 40 b* 22 27 28 28 28 28 26 16 -2 2 22 C*ab 46 48 43 36 32 29 26 16 4 17 46 hub 29 35 41 51 63 76 85 93 327 5 29 coord. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven L* 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 a* 60 59 48 34 21 eleven 3 -1 5 25 60 b* 35 51 53 54 54 54 47 24 -3 2 35 C*ab 69 78 72 63 58 55 47 24 6 26 69 hub thirty 41 48 58 68 79 86 93 327 5 thirty coord. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven L* 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 a* 77 75 62 43 27 14 4 -2 6 33 77 b* 44 67 72 73 73 74 61 31 -4 3 44 C*ab 89 101 95 85 78 75 61 31 7 33 89 hub thirty 42 50 59 70 80 86 93 327 5 thirty

Table 3 - continued
Area C3 - continued coord. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven L* 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 a* 76 75 61 43 27 14 4 -2 6 32 76 b* 44 67 72 73 73 74 60 31 -4 3 44 C*ab 88 100 95 84 78 75 61 31 7 33 88 hub thirty 42 50 59 70 80 86 93 327 5 thirty coord. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven L* 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 a* 60 59 48 34 21 eleven 3 -1 5 25 60 b* 35 51 53 54 54 54 47 24 -3 2 35 C*ab 69 78 72 63 58 55 47 24 6 26 69 hub thirty 41 48 58 68 79 86 93 327 5 thirty coord. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven L* 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 a* 40 39 32 22 14 7 2 -1 3 17 40 b* 22 27 28 28 28 28 26 16 -2 2 22 C*ab 46 48 43 36 32 29 26 16 4 17 46 hub 29 35 41 51 63 76 85 93 327 5 29 coord. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven L* 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 a* 16 16 13 8 5 2 1 0 1 6 16 b* 5 6 6 6 6 6 5 4 -1 0 5 C*ab 17 17 14 10 8 6 5 4 1 6 17 hub 16 19 24 35 49 68 83 94 327 5 16

Table 5 Area C5 Lighting: D65 Observer: 10° to-you 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 L* 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 a* -1 -3 4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -8 -8 -7 -6 -5 4 4 -3 1 -1 b* 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 2 0 -2 -3 -4 -5 -8 -9 -1 5 C*ab 5 5 6 7 7 8 8 8 8 7 6 6 7 9 10 1 5 hub 107 122 132 140 147 153 159 168 180 194 207 220 231 242 250 327 107 to-you 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 L* 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 a* -4 -8 -12 -15 -18 -21 -22 -22 -22 -20 -16 -15 -13 -12 -10 2 4 b* 14 14 13 13 12 eleven 8 5 0 -4 -7 -9 -eleven -15 -18 -2 14 C*ab 14 16 17 19 22 23 24 23 22 20 17 17 17 20 20 3 14 hub 107 122 132 140 147 153 159 168 180 192 203 213 222 232 241 327 107 to-you 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 L* thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty thirty a* -7 -14 -20 -27 -34 -41 45 45 -45 -38 -thirty -26 -22 -21 -17 4 -7 b* 36 36 33 31 29 24 17 8 0 -7 -eleven -15 -18 -25 -28 -2 36 C*ab 36 38 39 41 45 48 48 45 45 39 32 thirty 29 32 33 4 36 hub 101 112 121 131 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 229 239 327 101 to-you 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 L* 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 a* -10 -20 -29 -38 49 -59 -65 -64 -64 -54 42 -38 -31 -thirty -24 5 -10 b* 57 56 50 46 41 34 24 eleven 0 -9 -15 -21 -26 -35 40 -3 57 C*ab 58 60 58 60 64 68 69 65 64 55 45 43 41 46 47 6 58 hub 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 229 239 327 100 to-you 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 L* 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 a* -12 -24 -35 46 -58 -71 -78 -76 -76 -65 -51 -45 -38 -36 -29 6 -12 b* 68 67 60 55 49 41 28 13 0 -eleven -18 -26 -31 42 48 4 68 C*ab 69 72 70 72 76 81 83 77 76 66 54 52 49 55 56 8 69 hub 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 229 239 327 100

Table 5 - continued
Area C5 - continued coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 L* 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 a* -12 -25 -35 -46 -59 -71 -78 -77 -77 -65 -51 -46 -38 -36 -29 7 -12 b* 69 68 61 56 50 41 29 14 0 -eleven -18 -26 -31 -42 -49 -4 69 C*ab 70 72 70 72 77 82 83 78 77 66 54 52 49 56 57 8 70 hub 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 229 239 327 100 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 L* 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 a* -10 -20 -29 -39 -49 -59 -65 -64 -64 -55 -43 -38 -32 -thirty -24 5 -10 b* 57 57 51 46 42 34 24 eleven 0 -10 -15 -22 -26 -35 -41 -3 57 C*ab 58 60 59 60 64 69 70 65 64 55 45 44 41 46 47 6 58 hub 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 229 239 327 100 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 L* 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 80 a* -10 -20 -29 -39 -49 -59 -65 -64 -64 -55 -43 -38 -32 -thirty -24 5 -10 b* 57 57 51 46 42 34 24 eleven 0 -10 -15 -22 -26 -35 -41 -3 57 C*ab 58 60 59 60 64 69 70 65 64 55 45 44 41 46 47 6 58 hub 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 229 239 327 100 coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 13 14 15 16 17 L* 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 a* -3 -5 -7 -10 -12 -13 -14 -14 -14 -13 -10 -9 -8 -8 -6 2 -3 b* 9 9 8 8 8 7 5 3 0 -3 -5 -8 -9 -13 -15 -1 9 C*ab 9 10 eleven 12 14 15 15 14 14 13 12 12 12 15 16 2 9 hub 107 122 132 140 147 153 159 168 180 194 207 219 229 239 247 327 107

Area C1 includes, for example, various light color tones of blue and green-blue.

Area C2 includes, for example, various light color tones of red, purple and pink.

Region C3 includes, for example, various light color tones of orange and brown.

Area C4 includes, for example, various light color tones of yellow and yellow-green.

Area C5 includes, for example, various light color tones of green and blue-green.

Area C6 includes, for example, various light color tones of white, gray and black.

Thus, a writing and drawing tool can be arranged in such a way that:

the first hue and the second hue are two tones that fall under the colors gray, yellow, orange, red, pink, purple, blue, green, brown, black, or white, and

the third hue either falls under the same color as the first and second hue, or

the third hue is any hue that falls under a different color than the first and second hues.

One of the implementations includes a technical solution in which the longitudinal parts that do not reach the outer border of the stylus can be square or diamond-shaped in cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stylus, while any two adjacent parts with the same color tone are in mutual contact on the tip , and not on the sides of such a square or rhombus. This solution ensures that the given color pattern alternates regularly in the cross section, and especially around the center of the stylus. As already mentioned above, certain areas in parts of the outer boundary of the stylus can be deformed, flattened, etc.

However, the presented solution also allows other shapes of the longitudinal parts in cross section, allowing the parts to be closely spaced, for example, triangles or hexagons.

In addition, other arrangements of longitudinal parts of the same color tone in the stylus are also not excluded, for example, stripes or concentric circles around the longitudinal axis of the stylus.

The writing and drawing instrument may have one of its longitudinal portions located substantially centrally, i.e. longitudinally extending to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical lead. This conveniently applies to the entire length of the lead. However, the central part may deviate from the longitudinal axis in some places due to the manufacturing process.

The preferred embodiment may ensure that the longitudinal parts of the writing and drawing instrument can be diluted with water or other suitable solvent. Solubility can be achieved, for example, by applying a pigment binder (in certain areas of the writing and drawing instrument) that is at least partially soluble in water or other suitable solvent. Solubility further enhances the perception of a smooth transition between individual color tones.

Another preferred embodiment relates to a set of writing and drawing tools that contains at least three writing and drawing tools described above, which have different combinations of first, second and third color tones. This means that three or more, eg 6, 12 or 24 different color combinations can be used. However, the included sets contain at least three different color combinations and an arbitrary number of repetitions of any of the color combinations.

Shape Refinement

Fig. 1 - CIELAB colorimetric system: graph of the projection of cross-sections of constant specific brightness on the chromatic area a*b* and color borders on the area C*L* - sampling area: C1.

Fig. 2 - CIELAB colorimetric system: graph of the projection of cross-sections of constant specific brightness on the chromatic area a*b* and color borders on the area C*L* - sampling area: C2.

Fig. 3 - CIELAB colorimetric system: graph of the projection of cross-sections of constant specific brightness on the chromatic area a*b* and color borders on the area C*L* - sampling area: C3.

Fig. 4 - CIELAB colorimetric system: graph of the projection of cross sections of constant specific brightness on the chromatic area a*b* and color borders on the area C*L* - sampling area: C4.

Fig. 5 - CIELAB colorimetric system: graph of the projection of cross-sections of constant specific brightness on the chromatic area a*b* and color borders on the area C*L* - sampling area: C5.

Fig. 6 - CIELAB colorimetric system: graph of the projection of cross-sections of constant specific brightness on the chromatic area a*b* and color borders on the area C*L* - sampling area: C6.

Fig. 7 - Cross-section of a lead for two embodiments of a writing and drawing instrument.

Examples of technical solutions

One embodiment of the lead of a writing and drawing instrument is shown in FIG. 7 which illustrates a cross-section of the lead of a writing and drawing instrument with a pastel cylindrical lead 4 consisting of longitudinal parts 1, 2 and 3 essentially parallel to the axis of the lead (individual parts in the areas of the outer boundary are not indicated in the pictures for better clarity).

On the left (right) side in Fig. 7, embodiments can be seen in which the longitudinal portions that do not reach the outer boundary of the stylus are square (rhombus) shaped in cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stylus, with any two contiguous portions 1, contiguous portions 2, and contiguous portions 3, then there are parts with the same color tone, mutually contact on the tip, and not on the sides of such a square (rhombus). This solution ensures that the given color pattern alternates regularly in the cross section, and especially around the center of the stylus. In this case, the diamond shape was formed by deformation of the lead parts during the pressing step, as described below. As can be seen in the figures, certain areas on the outer border of the lead are narrowed and/or flattened in some places.

The cross sections shown in Fig. 7 show in particular that one of the longitudinal parts 1 is located essentially centrally, i.e. reaches in the longitudinal direction to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical lead.

A total of three leads were prepared as examples in the manner described above. Each lead consists of three types of longitudinal parts with three different color tones of the CIELAB 1976 colorimetric system under standard illumination D65 and a 10° point of view of an additional standard observer in accordance with the following table 7.

Table 7 Lead 1 Lead 2 Pencil 3 Parts (1) CIELAB area C4 C5 C1 first color tone ocher dark green Navy blue Parts (2) CIELAB area C4 C5 C1 second color tone yellow light green blue-blue Parts (3) CIELAB area C6 C4 C1 third color tone white yellow light blue

This Pastel Cylindrical Lead 4 can be used as an independent writing and drawing tool.

The above-described leads were inserted as a core into a wooden case. The writing and drawing instrument thus obtained was processed by smooth varnishing and surface printing and sharpened on one side. A set was created consisting of three writing and drawing tools with various combinations of the first, second and third color tones.

As part of another preferred embodiment, parts 1, 2 and 3 of the writing and drawing instrument were made water soluble using water soluble binders.

Industrial Applicability

The technical solution can be used to produce writing and drawing tools, while providing complex color effects and a very smooth color transition with a minimum number of drawing tools.

Claims (11)

1. An instrument for writing and drawing with a pastel cylindrical lead (4) consisting of longitudinally extending parts (1, 2, 3) essentially parallel to the axis of the lead, the parts (1) being formed by the first color tone, the parts (2) being formed by the second color tone, and the parts (3) are formed by the third color tone, and the first, second and third color tones differ from each other, characterized in that the first, second and third color tones fall within the C1 to C6 color space region of the CIELAB 1976 colorimetric system under standard D65 illumination and a 10° point of view of the additional standard observer, while: the first hue and the second hue fall under the same area of the CIELAB color space, and the third hue falls within the same CIELAB color space region as the first and second hues. 2. An instrument for writing and drawing according to claim 1, characterized in that the individual parts (1, 2 and 3), which do not reach the outer boundary of the stylus, are square or diamond-shaped in cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stylus, and any two adjacent parts with the same color tone mutually contact the tip, and not the sides of such a square or rhombus. 3. A writing and drawing instrument according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual parts (1, 2, 3) of the lead are water soluble. 4. An instrument for writing and drawing according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the longitudinal parts (1, 2, 3) is made in the form of a cylindrical lead (4) extending longitudinally into the longitudinal axis. 5. A writing and drawing instrument according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first hue and the second hue are two tones that fall under the colors gray, yellow, orange, red, pink, purple, blue, green, brown, black, or white, and the third hue either falls under the same color as the first and second hue, or the third hue is any hue that falls under a different color than the first and second hues.