RU2197077C1 - Cutterbar - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering. SUBSTANCE: cutterbar has drive, movable and immovable knives mounted in axially aligned relationship. Knives are made in the form of disks with segment-shaped cutting members on their peripheral parts. Disks have flanges, which are joined in plant cutting plane. Flange on one disk is mounted for axial displacement along drive shaft and is fixed by prismatic pin on lower end of shaft. Flange on other disk is mounted on spherical surface, which is joined with countersink on drive shaft end part and with conical slot in foot of lower part of bracket connected to drive casing. Adjustable pressing device is positioned on drive casing and movable knife flange. Cutterbar is used in rotational mowers for mowing of stalk plants. EFFECT: improved cutting quality and reduced power consumption. 2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in rotary mowers used for mowing stalk plants when mowing ameliorative canals, caring for gardening on personal plots, farms, as well as when harvesting hay in areas with difficult terrain.

 Known rotary cutting apparatus, comprising a bearing element mounted on a shaft with knives pivotally mounted on it, having mounting and cutting sections, fingers, in which, in order to increase productivity and improve the quality of the cut, the installation section of the knife is shifted towards the fingers relative to the plane perpendicular to the shaft and passing through the center of mass of the knife (SU, copyright certificate 893167, Mcl A 01 D 35/26, A 01 D 55/18. Rotary cutting device // V.E. Duel, M.I. Karpenko, N.V. Melkov, M. L. Konyavsky. 01/18/1980, publ. ikovano 12/30/1981).

 The disadvantages of the described rotary cutting apparatus include the complexity of the design, the inability to control and set the gap between the opposing fingers and knives.

 Also known is a cutting apparatus of a rotary lawn mower, including a holder mounted on a shaft equipped with a drive for rotational movement, to which the knives are pivotally mounted, in which, in order to increase reliability by protecting the knives, the knives are equipped with reflectors rigidly mounted on the holder, the reflector of each subsequent in the direction of rotation the knife is located in the area of the previous knife; the working face of the reflector is located at an acute angle to the radius of the circumference of its trajectory (SU, copyright certificate 1523087, M. class A 01 D 34/63. Cutting apparatus of a rotary lawn mower / V.K. Moiseenko, V.A. Zotov, A.D. Pulatkin. Declared 02.15.1988, published 02.23.1989).

 The disadvantages of the described cutting apparatus, despite the simplicity of the design, include poor cut quality due to the lack of the ability to adjust the gap between the reflector and the knives.

The closest technical solution in its essence and in the number of common essential features is a cutting apparatus, including a drive, movable and fixed knives with segmented cutting elements, between which rolling elements and adjustable clamping device are placed in the guides, in which, in order to increase durability, by providing adjustable gap between the knives, the knives are made in the form of disks, and the movable disk is made elastic with grooves between the segments, and the side generatrix of the grooves are located adialno, and the diameter of the rolling bodies is less than the total thickness of the movable and fixed cutting elements; the movable disk in its central part is connected to the drive, made in the form of a shaft, on the other end of which there is an adjustable clamping device in the form of a screw pair (SU, copyright 1498420 A1, M.cl. ⁴ A 01 D 34/08, A 01 D 3/04. Cutting apparatus / V.I. Tarasenko, M.S. Strizius, claimed 06.05.1987, published 07.08.1989). We have taken this cutting apparatus as the closest analogue.

 The disadvantages of the described cutting apparatus include design complexity, high material consumption, low operational reliability and unsatisfactory quality of the cut of the stem plants.

 The invention consists in the following.

 The problem to which the invention is directed is to increase operational reliability.

 EFFECT: simplified design, reduced material consumption, improved cut quality, reduced energy consumption, increased productivity.

 The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a known cutting apparatus including a drive, movable and fixed knives mounted in disks with segmented cutting elements on peripheral parts mounted on a shaft coaxially with its shaft, a rolling body and an adjustable clamping device, according to the invention, the knife disks are provided with mating ends in the plane cut of plants with flanges, one of which is mounted by means of a key in the lower end of the drive shaft, and the flange of the other is mounted on the surface of the rolling body, n for example, a ball, wherein said ball is associated with a countersink on the end of the drive shaft and with a tapered recess of the heel of the lower part of the bracket connected to the drive housing, and an adjustable clamping device is placed between the housing and the flange of the movable knife on the threaded portion of the drive shaft; finger inserts are placed on the peripheral part of the fixed knife disk.

 The invention is illustrated by drawings.

 In FIG. 1 shows the inventive cutting apparatus mounted on a mower engine, side view.

 In FIG. 2 - section AA in FIG. 1, a vertical diametrical section of a cutting apparatus with a rolling body and an adjustable clamping device.

 In FIG. 3 - section BB in figure 2, a horizontal section of the lower non-drive disk with finger inserts on the peripheral part.

 In FIG. 4 - section bb in figure 2, a horizontal section of the upper drive disk with double-edged segments on the peripheral part.

 In Fig.5 is a section GG in Fig.1, a vertical section of the peripheral parts of the drive and non-drive discs at the interface between the segment and the finger insert.

 Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

 The proposed cutting apparatus is mounted mainly in rotary mowers. The cutting apparatus includes a drive 1, mounted on a shaft 2 movable knife 3, a fixed knife 4, a rolling body 5 and an adjustable clamping device 6. The movable and fixed knives 3 and 4 are made in the form of disks with segmented cutting elements 7. On the peripheral part of the disk fixed the knife 4 is placed finger inserts 8. As the cutting elements 7 adopted segment type 1, which meets the requirements of GOST 3494-53. As finger insert 8 adopted type 1, corresponding to GOST 158-53. The mentioned GOSTs comply with the standards of the Russian Federation with a validity period until 2005. The disks of the movable knife 3 and the fixed knife 4 are equipped with mating ends in the plane of the cut of plants 1-1 flanges 9 and 10.

 The blades of the knives 3 and 4 are made of different sizes (see figure 5). Flanges 9 and 10 with knife blades 3 and 4 are connected with rivets 2. The said flange 9 is mounted axially displaceable along the lower part of the shaft 2. The flange 9 is fixed by means of a key 12 on the lower end of the drive shaft 2. The flange 10 is mounted on the surface of the rolling body 5 for example a ball. The ball is mated with a countersink 13 (see FIG. 2) on the end of the drive shaft 2 and with a tapered recess 14 of the heel 15 of the lower part 16 of the C-shaped bracket 17. The upper part of the bracket 17 is connected to the drive housing 1 by a pair of bolts 18. As drive 1 can be used either an internal combustion engine or an electric motor connected by a flexible cable to a voltage source, for example, voltage 220 V, 50 Hz. The upper part of the bracket 17 is pivotally connected to a bar, on which elastic handles and a switch are placed.

 An adjustable clamping device 6 is placed between the housing of the drive 1 and the flange 9 of the movable knife 3 on the threaded section 19 of the shaft 2 of the drive 1.

 The cutting elements 7 (see Figs. 4 and 5) are interfaced with the disk of the movable knife 3 by means of a pair of rivets 20. The peripheral part of the disk of the knife 3 has a groove 21. This ensures the technical reliability of the connection of the elements 7 with the disk of the knife 3.

 Finger liners 8 have one hole for the rivet 22 and a semi-cylindrical recess for the pin 23 (see figure 3 and 5). The liners 8 are placed in a sample 24 of the disk of the fixed knife 4. The dimensions of the elements 7 and the liners 8 are selected so that there is always zero clearance between their mating planes.

 The cutting apparatus operates as follows.

 The height of the cut is determined by the amount of removal of the cut plane 1-1 from the lower edge of part 16 of the bracket 17.

 Before starting work, the worker servicing the rotary mower puts it with an arm 17 on a hard surface (on the surface of the mowed area).

 The adjustable clamping device 6 is unscrewed on the threaded section 19 of the shaft 2 towards the drive housing 1. The shaft 2, under the weight of the drive 1, a countersink 13, is lowered to the surface of the rolling body 5. He, in turn, selects all the gaps in the conical recess 14 of the heel 15. Next, the working force rotates the flange 9 together with the shaft 2 relative to the flange 10 of the fixed knife 4.

 Next, the device 6 on the threaded section is led to the upper end of the flange 9. The cutting apparatus is ready for operation.

 On the mowed section, drive 1 is turned on and the rod is given angular movements relative to the worker’s body. When the shaft rotates with a given frequency, the segmented cutting elements 7 acquire a peripheral speed in the range of 7 ... 10 m / s. At the same time, due to the friction forces between the rolling body 5 (ball) and the shaped surface of the lower flange 10, as well as between the mating surfaces of the ends of the flanges 9 and 10, the finger liners 8 acquire a peripheral speed of rotation of 1.5-3.8 m / s.

 When the cutting apparatus moves, the finger inserts 8 separate the plant stems in portions. Segments 7, having a high speed, cut these stems on the liners 8. The quality of the cut is ensured by the constancy of the gaps in the pairs of the liner 8 - segment 7.

 The threaded part 19 of the shaft 2 and the thread of the clamping device 6 eliminate the violation of the established clearances, and also ensure the quick implementation of the relevant adjustments. This maintains the necessary fit of the knife 3 to the knife 4.

 As a result of this design, ease of maintenance, a significant reduction in material consumption, an increase in operational reliability are achieved, the cut quality is improved, and unproductive energy costs are reduced.

Claims (2)

 1. The cutting apparatus, including the drive, movable and fixed knives mounted in alignment with its shaft in the form of disks with segmented cutting elements on the peripheral parts, a rolling body and an adjustable clamping device, characterized in that the knife disks are provided with mating ends on the plane of the cut of the plants, one of which it is mounted with the possibility of axial displacement along the shaft and, by means of a key, is fixed on the lower end of the drive shaft, and the other flange is mounted on the surface of the rolling body, for example ara, wherein said balloon is associated with countersink on the end part of the drive shaft and the conical recess heel of the bottom of the C-shaped bracket connected with drive housing and an adjustable clamping device is arranged between the housing and the flange of the movable blade on the threaded portion of the drive shaft.  2. The cutting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that finger inserts are placed on the peripheral part of the stationary knife disk.

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