RU21959U1 - DEVICE FOR DETERMINING PLACES OF DAMAGE TO A CABLE LINE ON THE ROUTE - Google Patents

Description

Cable line fault locator

The device relates to electrical devices and can be used to display the structure of the magnetic field of the cable line when diagnosing and determining the location of cable damage on the route.

A device for determining the location of damage to cable lines on the route, based on the induction principle, described in the literature / 1 /. This device allows you to fix the level of the magnetic field at a certain point in space created by the current of the alternating voltage generator, which is connected to the diagnosed line. The device consists of: an induction sensor, a signal amplification unit, means for outputting information about the level of tension (headphones and a visual level indicator).

The disadvantages of the described device are as follows:

1. The complexity of determining the location of single-phase faults in cable lines. This is due to the fact that with this type of damage, as a rule, a spreading current occurs behind the damage site and the degree of heterogeneity of the magnetic field above the damage site decreases sharply.

2. The need for a low level of transition resistance at the site of damage associated with the power of probing current generators connected to the cable line.

3. The difficulty of perceiving information about the structure of the magnetic field of the cable being diagnosed, for example, the impossibility of assessing signal changes within 10% of the maximum

MnKGOIR 31/08

on the road.

level associated with deficiencies in output means

information.

A device for determining the location of damage of cable lines on the route, based on the induction principle using a differential sensor 121. This device, in contrast to the previously described, in order to detune from the interfering action of the single current field, the sensor uses not a single inductor, but two differential coils included.

The disadvantages of the described device are as follows:

1. The complexity of determining the location of single-phase faults in cable lines. This is due to the fact that in the process of diagnosis, to take advantage of this sensor, it is necessary that the sensor is strictly parallel to the cable line and the magnetic axis of the induction coils coincide with the axis of the cable, and this is difficult to do under conditions of diagnosis.

2. The need for a low level of transition resistance at the site of damage associated with the power of probing current generators connected to the cable line.

3. The difficulty of perceiving information about the structure of the magnetic field of the cable being diagnosed, for example, the impossibility of assessing signal changes within 10% of the maximum level associated with deficiencies in the means of outputting information.

Closest to the proposed (prototype) is a device for determining the location of damage on the cable line described in / 3 /. This device contains induction sensors for converting the magnetic field to EMF, which are connected to the signal amplifier block. Block

amplifier is a system of bandpass filters and signal amplifiers. A level indicator and headphones are connected to the signal amplifier block, through which the operator perceives information about the level of the magnetic field at a specific point above the diagnosed cable line. The disadvantages of the described device are as follows:

1. The complexity of determining the location of single-phase faults in cable lines. This is due to the fact that with this type of damage, as a rule, a spreading current occurs behind the damage site and the degree of heterogeneity of the magnetic field above the damage site decreases sharply.

2. The need for a low level of transition resistance at the site of damage associated with the power of probing current generators connected to the cable line.

3. The difficulty of perceiving information about the structure of the magnetic field of the cable being diagnosed, for example, the impossibility of assessing signal changes within 10% of the maximum level associated with deficiencies in the means of outputting information.

The objective of the invention is to increase the sensitivity in assessing changes in the structure of the magnetic field of the power cable line on the route, based on the improvement of the presentation of diagnostic information.

This problem is solved due to the fact that the device for determining the location of a cable line damage on the route contains induction sensors of the magnetic field strength, a signal amplifier unit, means for outputting the level of the magnetic field strength, the information collection unit represents a matrix of sensors rigidly connected and oriented in space to longitudinal, transverse and vertical components

magnetic field strength, in a Cartesian coordinate system, above the cable line, which is connected to the signal to analogue to digital conversion unit, and it is connected to the processing unit, where there is a built-in microprocessor to visualize the structure of the magnetic field strength, the processing unit is connected to the information output unit, which contains a liquid crystal graphic indicator for outputting a three-dimensional image of the structure of the magnetic field strength of a region of space in a given plane.

In FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a device where a sensor matrix 1 is connected to a unit for collecting information from sensors 2, which is connected to an analog-to-digital information conversion unit 3 connected to an information processing unit 4, to which an information output unit 5 is connected.

The device operates as follows: the sensor matrix 1 is arranged so that it allows you to evaluate various components of the field strength, at different points in space above the diagnosed cable line, it fixes the magnetic field strengths, then the received signals from the sensors are amplified and converted from analog to digital, after of which the information is transmitted to processing unit 4, where it is processed by a visualization program on the built-in microprocessor, the processing unit is connected to the block information output 5, which comprises a LCD graphic display for three-dimensional image structure of the magnetic field strength in a predetermined region of space plane, on which the cable line diagnose and determine the fault location. In FIG. Figure 2 shows the relief of the magnetic field intensity on a section of the route outside the damage zone of the diagnosed cable

LINES (Fig. 2a) and above the place of damage (Fig. 26). In this view, an image of the structure of the magnetic field strength above the cable line is displayed.

Such a presentation of information on the magnetic field strength over the path of the diagnosed cable line allows you to track changes in the structure of the magnetic field strength and the resulting image to identify the place of damage.

The use of the device allows one to evaluate not only the change in the magnetic field strength over the entire path, but also to study in more detail, in order to clarify, the local magnetic fields above the alleged location of the damage.

In order to get an idea of the device’s functioning, the case of the core closure, the most difficult from the point of view of determining the location of damage on the track, is presented — the sheath in the presence of a flowing current behind the location of damage and a low level of transition resistance at the location of the circuit that does not allow the use of devices based on the acoustic principle. Using the device, an image of the structure of the vertical (Fig. 3a), longitudinal (Fig. 36) and transverse (Fig. Sv) components of the magnetic field strength over the damage site shown in FIG. 3. The low efficiency, for this case, of known devices based on the induction principle, as follows from the images obtained, is due to the fact that, as a rule, the vertical component is estimated and only a sharp inhomogeneity of the magnetic field strength can be fixed. The proposed device allows you to track the three components of the magnetic field and record even minor changes

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tension, which allows you to fix the place of damage (Fig. 36). The degree of heterogeneity over the place of damage caused by the jumper between the sheath and the core at the point of fault, for this case amounted to 5% of the total level of tension. Known devices fixing such a degree of heterogeneity is practically impossible.

The main advantages of the device include the following: information on the magnetic field parameters of the diagnosed line is displayed not in the form of an audio signal or deviation of the indicator readings reflecting the field strength level at a specific point, but in the form of a spatial image of the magnetic field structure above the cable line. The information collection unit is a matrix of sensors rigidly coupled and oriented in space, which allows simultaneously fixing in a certain area the level of the longitudinal, transverse, vertical components of the magnetic field strength, in the Cartesian coordinate system, above the cable line. The simultaneous assessment of the magnetic field strength level immediately for the region of space above the diagnosed line allows the use of this device both when using sinusoidal current generators as a source, and when using pulse voltage sources. This allows you to use this device at different levels of transition resistance at the site of damage. In the processing unit, the perceived information is processed by the visualization program on the built-in microprocessor. The processing unit is connected to the information output unit, which contains a liquid crystal graphic indicator for displaying a volumetric image of the structure of the magnetic field strength of the space region in a given

PLANES. The volumetric image of the structure of the magnetic field allows you to have complete and more detailed than, as previously possible, information about the nature of the change in the magnetic field over the diagnosed cable line. Obtaining more detailed information about the parameters of the magnetic field makes it possible to track comparative changes in the structure of the field, which allows you to determine the location of damage to cable lines in cases where it is difficult to do with existing devices.

Thus, the use of the proposed device makes it possible to obtain visual diagnostic information, the ability to record the slightest changes in the magnetic field strength, the simultaneous assessment of several components of the intensity, obtaining a three-dimensional image of the structure of the magnetic field, reducing time and increasing the efficiency of the process of determining the location of damage to cable lines based on the use of a simple widespread use of the induction principle of line diagnosis.

1.Platonov V.V., Bykadorov V.F. Determination of places of damage on the cable line. - M .: Energoatomizdat, 1993. -256.

2. Shalyt G. M. Determination of places of damage in electric networks. - M .: Energoizdat, 1982.- 312.

References 3. Platonov V.V., Bykadorov V.F. Damage Search on the Informenergo Route, 1992.-78. Methods and equipment for the cable line. - M .:

Vice-Rector for NR SSTU (NPI)

A. Ya. Tretyak

Claims (1)

A device for determining the location of a cable line damage on a route containing induction sensors of a magnetic field strength, a signal amplifier unit, means for outputting a level of a magnetic field strength, characterized in that the information collection unit represents a matrix of sensors rigidly connected and oriented in space to longitudinal, transverse and vertical components of the magnetic field strength, in the Cartesian coordinate system, above the cable line, which is connected with the signal conversion unit from analog to digital form, and it is connected to the processing unit, where there is a built-in microprocessor for visualizing the structure of the magnetic field strength, the processing unit is connected to the information output unit, which contains a liquid crystal graphic indicator for outputting the volumetric image of the structure of the magnetic field strength of the space region in a given plane.