RU21957U1 - STAND FOR TESTING OBJECTS FOR A SHOCK - Google Patents

Description

Impact test bench

The utility model relates to testing equipment and can be used in various branches of technology for testing objects for impact, for example, in the foundry for testing cast grinding balls.

A well-known stand for testing materials on multiple impacts, containing a base with an anvil for installing the test sample, a composite discharged mass for loading the sample with impacts, a mass lifting mechanism in the form of a flexible element with a drive for its displacement, as well as a mass connection and release device and a flexible element for implementation the process of shock loading of the sample (see ed. St. USSR No. 1613927, G 01 N 3/34, G 01 M 7/08).

The disadvantage of this stand design is the inability to ensure accurate control of impact energy due to the discreteness of the variable mass of the composite dumped load. In addition, in the known device, the range of impact energy values is limited due to a decrease in the lift height of the composite discharged mass with its increase.

The closest analogue to the claimed object is a stand for testing objects for impact, containing a base with a hard place for installing the test object and a hammer connected via a flexible element with a mechanism for lifting and dropping the hammer, consisting of an electric winch, a trigger device and an element for controlling the trigger device . In this case, the trigger device and the trigger control element are mounted on a flexible winch element (see ed. USSR No. 1679236, O 01 M 7/08).

A disadvantage of the known stand design is the low accuracy of controlling the impact energy due to the possibility of displacement of the element for controlling the launching device from a predetermined position along a flexible element moving during the operation of the winch. In addition, led MraC G01M7 / 08

The impact energy is limited by the range of the lift height of the impactor due to the impossibility of changing its mass.

The technical problem, which the utility model is aimed at, is to increase the accuracy of energy regulation of one or a series of strokes while expanding the range of values of the energy of strokes.

The problem is solved in that in the known stand for testing objects for impact, containing a base with an anvil for installing the test object and a hammer connected via a flexible element with a mechanism for lifting and dropping the hammer, consisting of an electric winch, a trigger device and a trigger control element device, according to the change, the trigger device and the element for controlling the trigger device are sequentially mounted on the shaft of the winch electric drive, while the element for controlling The trigger device is made in the form of a shaft speed sensor, and the hammer is made in the form of a cup with a thickened bottom having a spherical shape on the anvil side, in the cavity of which an axial rod with a clamp for fixing removable loads is rigidly fixed.

In addition, the anvil is equipped with additional interchangeable inserts, in each of which a nest is made in the shape of the test object.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where:

in FIG. 1 shows a stand for testing objects on impact, in a perspective view;

in FIG. 2 - crushing hammer, vertical section;

in FIG. 3 - a fragment of the installation of an additional removable insert in the anvil.

The stand for testing objects for impact contains a base 1 (Fig. 1), on which the anvil 2 is rigidly fixed with the test object 3 placed on it, and a T-shaped stand 4, on which, by means of a flexible element 5 passed through the rollers 6, it is suspended coaxially with the anvil 2 drummer 7 (Fig. 1, 2). In addition, on the basis of 1, a mechanism for raising and dropping the hammer 7 is installed, which consists of a winch 8 with an electric drive 9 (Fig. 1) and sequentially mounted on the shaft 10 of the electric drive 9 of the winch 8 of the trigger device 11 and element 12 for controlling the trigger device 11. When this trigger device 11 is designed for rigid engagement of the shaft 10 of the electric drive 9 with the shaft 13 of the drum of the winch 8 and can be made in the form of any known design, for example, in the form of a "dog. The element 12 for controlling the trigger device 11 is made in the form of a speed sensor for the shaft 10 of the electric drive 9, rigidly engaged with the shaft 13 of the winch drum 8. Moreover, for example, the Hall sensor described in G. Wigleb’s book “ Sensors: Device and application. Per. with him. - M .: Mir, 1989, p. 128 - 130.

Drummer 7 (Fig. 1, 2) is made in the form of a glass with a thickened bottom 14 (Fig. 2) having a spherical shape from the anvil 2 (Fig. 1). In the cavity 15 (Fig. 2) of the hammer 7, an axial rod 16 is fixedly fixed with a latch 17 for installing removable weights 18. The rod 16 is threaded for rigidly fixing the removable weights 18 with a latch 17, for example, a lock nut.

Anvil 2 (Fig. 1, 3) is equipped with additional removable inserts 19 (Fig. 3), in each of which a nest 20 is made in the form of the test object 3 (Fig. 1). So, for example, for testing the grinding ball, the socket 20 (Fig. 3) is made spherical in shape.

The inventive design of the stand allows you to adjust the impact energy (E) as the lift height (H) of the striker 7 (Fig. 1), and by changing its mass (M). Since the impact energy is determined by the formula:

where: M is the mass of the drummer;

H - the height of the drummer;

g - gravity acceleration, g 9.8 m / s,

then the lifting height (N) is regulated by the number of revolutions (N) of the shaft 13 of the winch drum 8 by means of the sensor 12 of the number of revolutions of the shaft 10 of the electric drive 9. In this case, the dependence of the lifting height (N) of the hammer 7 on the radius (R) of the winch drum 8 is determined by the ratio:

H 2x7txRxN, where: R is the radius of the winch drum;

N is the number of revolutions of the winch drum shaft.

The change in mass (M) of the striker 7 is carried out by installing replaceable weights therein.

The possibility of simultaneously varying these test parameters significantly increases the accuracy of controlling the energy of impacts and expands the range of values of energy of impacts. In addition, the axial location of the rod 16 (Fig. 2) in the cavity 15 of the striker 7 and the rigid fixation of the removable weights 18 installed in it provide the solidity and rigidity of the striker 7. All this, as well as the spherical shape of the thickened bottom 14 of the striker 7 from the anvil 2 (Fig. 1) allows you to apply a concentrated point strike on the test object 3, helping to improve the accuracy of energy regulation of both one and one blows. At the same time, the construction of the anvil 2 (Fig. 1, 3) provides the rigidity of the installation of the test object 3 (Fig. 1) and the stationarity of its position during a series of tests, which also increases the accuracy of multiple impacts, contributing to the accuracy of controlling the magnitude of impact energy , as well as expanding its range.

The work of the stand is as follows.

The test object 3 (Fig. 1) is placed in the removable insert 19 (Fig. 1, 3) of the anvil 2. In the cavity 15 (Fig. 2) of the hammer 7 (Fig. 1, 2) on the axial rod 16 (Fig. 2) set required amount of changeable loads

18, which are rigidly fixed to the rod 16 by a latch 17. The number of installed loads and their mass can vary depending on the required impact energy. The trigger device 11 (Fig. 1) carry out rigid engagement of the shaft 13 of the winch drum 8 with the shaft 10 of the electric drive 9, which allows you to transmit the torque of the shaft 10 of the electric drive

9 shaft 13 of the winch drum 8. The sensor 12 of the shaft 10 of the electric drive 9 is set to the number of revolutions corresponding to the required lifting height of the hammer 7, which can vary depending on the required value of the impact energy. By turning on the electric drive 9, the striker 7 is lifted above the anvil 2 by winding the flexible element 5 onto the winch drum 8. When the striker 7 reaches a predetermined height, the shaft speed sensor 12

10 of the electric drive 9 disables the latter, and the rise of the hammer 7 stops. The trigger device 11, the shaft 10 of the electric drive 9 and the shaft 13 of the drum of the winch 8 is removed from the rigid mesh. As a result of this, the drummer 7 falls on the test object 3.

Impact tests of object 3 are carried out either until it is completely destroyed, or until the required total energy of impacts is transferred to it. During a series of tests of objects for impact, the work of the stand is carried out similarly to the above.

Thus, the claimed design of the test bench for testing objects for impact makes it possible to increase the accuracy of energy control of one or a series of impacts, as well as expand the range of impact energy values by simultaneously varying the parameters of the mass of the falling load and its height above the test object. Moreover, depending on the required value of the impact energy for each test object, the design of the inventive stand provides a change in either one of the test parameters: mass or height of the load, or both parameters at the same time.

,.

Claims (2)

1. Stand for testing objects on impact, containing a base with a hard place for installing the test object and a drummer connected by means of a flexible element with a mechanism for lifting and dropping the drummer, consisting of an electric winch, a trigger device and an element for controlling the trigger device, characterized in that the trigger device and the trigger control element are sequentially mounted on the winch electric drive shaft, while the trigger control element is made in the form of a sensor as the number of revolutions of the shaft, and the drummer is made in the form of a glass with a thickened bottom having a spherical shape on the anvil side, in the cavity of which an axial rod with a clamp for installing removable loads is rigidly fixed. 2. The stand according to claim 1, characterized in that the anvil is equipped with additional interchangeable inserts, each of which has a nest in the shape of the test object.