RU2195707C2 - Pulse-alarm microprocessor relay device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical and microprocessor engineering. SUBSTANCE: device designed for use in central alarm systems of substations equipped with digital or electrical relay protective and automatic control facilities and in various other industries has monitoring unit, voltage change recording unit, microprocessor system, and four switches connected to transformer primary windings. Information from transformer secondary winding arrives at monitoring-unit microprocessor which transmits it to central processor unit of microprocessor system which controls audio alarm relay, integrated, or any other alarm connected to information output devices of microprocessor system. Proposed device provides for detecting open circuits, deenergized or abnormal conditions of internal circuits of pulse alarm channel. Device incorporates provision of diagnosing input units and introducing data recording, display, and alarm functions for varying configuration and instant transmission of information. EFFECT: enhanced reliability and enlarged functional capabilities of device. 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to electrical engineering, microprocessor technology and systems for collecting, processing and displaying information about the state of an object and can be used in central signaling systems of electrical substations equipped with digital or electromechanical devices for relay protection and automation, in various sectors of the fuel and energy industry and industry. A known device for fixing electrical quantities emergency mode [A. C. (SU) G 01 R 31/08 1688203, BI 40, 10/30/91,] containing an input converter, a clock, an analog-to-digital converter, a digital comparator, a memory unit, a memory element, a one-shot, control buttons, time relay in the form of a timer, memory register and digital comparator, display unit, current-limiting resistor, power supply. The device allows you to record the electrical values of the emergency mode, but has low reliability and limited functionality.

 Known relay device for measuring deviations of an electrical quantity [A.S. (JP) H 02 H 3/44, 1/06, 3-1888, BI 7-48, 01/11/91], containing a relay, a circuit that fixes the normal operation of the power source of the control circuits or reduce its voltage below a certain level, a memory circuit (trigger), two AND circuits, an OR circuit and two inverters, have low reliability, because in the absence of diagnostics, failure of any of the digital circuits leads to disruption of the measurement process and the formation of erroneous results.

 The device also has limited functionality, because determines only the change in electrical quantity.

 The closest technical solution is a single-pole earth fault relay circuit with the ability to monitor and verify operation [A.C. (JP) N 02 N 3/34, 3/05, 3-18409, BI 7-46, 03/12/1991], containing three blocks that measure the sum of the voltages, a block that fixes the voltage increase, circuit breakers, consisting of serially connected contacts, the control unit, the switch contacts installed in the primary transformer windings, and the blocking device of the control unit. The prototype also has low reliability due to the lack of diagnostics of incoming nodes and limited functionality that determines only the measurement of the sum of the voltages of two phases.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device by introducing diagnostics of incoming nodes and expanding functionality by introducing registration, display and signaling functions with the ability to change configurations and transmit information quickly. This goal is achieved by the fact that the fourth primary transformer winding is introduced into the known device comprising a control unit, a voltage change fixing unit, three primary transformer windings with circuit breakers installed in them, a switch, a secondary transformer winding, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the voltage change fixation unit and a microprocessor system, with the fourth switch installed in the fourth primary winding and all windings are placed on one magnetic core trans a formatter, and the output of the voltage-change clamping unit is connected to the input of the control unit, the first and second output of which are connected, respectively, to the first and second input of the voltage-change-fixing unit, the group of acknowledgment inputs is the group of inputs of the control unit, the third, fourth, fifth and sixth outputs which are the control inputs (on / off) of the first, second, third and fourth switches, respectively, the group of inputs and outputs of the control unit is the first group of inputs and outputs of the microprocess ornoy system, the second group which is the input-output-input-outputs for communication with the PC and ACS, outputs a group of microprocessor system outputs for communication with the signaling devices and the display, input group which is intended to receive signals from the object.

 Figure 1 shows the structural diagram of the device.

Figure 2 is an example implementation of a block fixing voltage changes
Figure 3 is an example implementation of a switch.

 Figure 4 is an example implementation of a control unit.

 Figure 5 is an example implementation of a matching node.

Figure 1 marked:
B1 ... B4 - switches
1, 2 - input and output contacts of the switch
3 - circuit control switch
T - transformer (core М2500 НМС1-15-7750-КВ14х5, PEV2 wire 0.15, 1 rpm = 400 mH, K = 1 with an accuracy of 3%)
4 - voltage change fixing unit
5 - control unit
6 - microprocessor system
7, 8 - outputs of the control unit
9 - group of acknowledgment inputs
10 - group of inputs and outputs of the control unit
11 - a group of inputs and outputs of a microprocessor system for communication with a PC and ACS
12 - group of outputs for controlling external alarm devices
13 - group of inputs for communication with objects
Figure 2 marked:
14 - operational amplifier, for example AD711AQ firm "Analog Device", or similar
15 - voltage reference driver, for example AD680AN, or similar
16 - analog-to-digital Converter, for example AD7893AN-5 firm "Analog Device", or similar
D - diodes 2D510A or similar
R - resistors, for example C2-33, or similar
C - type K 10-17 capacitor or similar
Figure 3 marked:
R is a resistor, for example C2-33 or similar
DV - Optocoupler SFH608-3 or equivalent
R ₁ - resistor SQP5W 10 m or similar
V - voltage limiter 1.5KE6V8P or similar
In figure 4 are indicated:
G - quartz resonator RK-386MM or similar
17 - microprocessor assembly AT89C52-24P1 or similar
18 - coordination node
19 - bus driver 74NS244 or similar
20 - element coordination 74AS34 or LP9 or similar
Figure 5 marked:
R - resistors, for example C2-33, or similar
DV - Optocoupler SFH608-2 or equivalent
D1 - stabilizer B2X55C39 or similar
D2 - diode 2D510A or similar
V - transistor BC547 or similar
Microprocessor system 6 can also be implemented in accordance with [N.N. Chernobrovov, V.A. Semenov. "Relay protection of energy systems", 1998, p. 78, Fig. 22.4], and the central processor can be implemented on the AT89C52-24R1 chip, UAVV and UDVV can be implemented on the basis of microprocessors AT89C2051, AT89C52 or similar, for communication with the keyboard and to control the mini-display can be used chip AT603-6A1 or similar. Communication between the CPU and microprocessors can be carried out via the RS-232 serial channel. Inputs-outputs 11 also come from the RS-232 and RS-485 serial ports (not shown). Inputs 13 and outputs 12 enter and exit, respectively, to / from the air-blast / air-blast. More detailed information on the operation of the microprocessor system is given there on pages 778-783.

 The microprocessor-based relay signaling device includes a control unit 5, a unit for detecting voltage changes 4, and four switches B1. . . B4 included in the primary windings of the transformer, the secondary winding of which is connected to the inputs of the voltage change clamp unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the control unit 5, the first and second output of which are connected, respectively, to the first and second input of the voltage change fix block 4, group of inputs acknowledgment 9 is a group of inputs of the control unit, the third, fourth, fifth and sixth outputs of which are control inputs 3 (on / off) of the first, second, third and fourth circuit breakers B1 ... B4, respectively Actually, the group of inputs and outputs 10 of the control unit is the first group of inputs and outputs of the microprocessor system 6, the second group of inputs and outputs 11 of which are inputs and outputs for communication with a PC and ACS, the group of outputs 12 of the microprocessor system are outputs for communication with signaling devices and display, an input group 13 of which is intended for communication with objects. In the device, the reception and indication of group signals from the SHZA, ShZP1, Sh3P2, VSh buses (analogue of the pulse signaling relay) occurs as follows.

 Current signals from the buses are fed to pulse current receivers implemented on transformer T, switches B1 ... B4 and block 4.

 According to the acknowledgment signals received through the group of inputs 9 to the microprocessor 17 of block 5, the microprocessor through port P2 opens the transistor of the optocoupler DV of one of the switches B and connects the primary winding of the transformer T to the input resistor R1 of switch B.

 The secondary winding of the transformer is loaded on the input of the operational amplifier 14. The voltage released at the input resistor is applied to the primary winding, while a pulse proportional to the current signal is generated on the secondary winding. Further, this pulse is amplified by the amplifier 14 and fed to the analog-to-digital Converter 16 (ADC). The ADC converts the voltage into a digital code and transmits it to the P1 port of the microprocessor 17 of the control unit 5. An event in the pulse signaling channel is recorded when the bus current jumps by a certain amount. The device does not respond to a slow change in bus current. This ensures the insensitivity of the channel to changes in the supply voltage of the buses. Up to 30 sensors can be connected to the bus of one channel.

 The microprocessor 17 transmits information about the state of the buses to the central processor of the microprocessor system 6, which, in accordance with the program keys, controls the relay of sound, generalized or any other signaling that are connected to information output devices (SAWS and UDVV) of the microprocessor system.

 The functioning of the acknowledgment inputs 9 of control unit 5 depends on the selected indication method and audible alarm. The status of the inputs is displayed (in addition to the group signals of the device, it is possible to receive and indicate another 30 signals through the air-to-air and air-to-air signals) using the LED indicators located on the remote control (display device).

 Microprocessor system 6 stores (logs) at least 100 events. The type of events and the astronomical time of their occurrence are recorded in the register of the microprocessor system. The microprocessor system programmatically adjusts the delay time for the start of each input, allows remote input of settings and configuration, communication via two standard channels RS232 and RS485 and inclusion in the ACS as a subsystem of the lower level.

The microprocessor system mini-display allows you to display:
- current astronomical time and date
- values of settings and block configuration parameters
- channel, bus number and time of the last ten events for each channel
- self-diagnosis results
- menu of programming modes.

The keyboard provides:
- turn off the sound alarm and acknowledge signals
- control the display of information on the display
- choice of operating mode
- entering and changing settings and configuration parameters
- testing.

 Thus, the expansion of functionality lies in the fact that the device allows you to collect, process, clearly display and quickly transmit information about the state of the object, as well as quickly and conveniently change the configuration of the alarm system.

Self diagnosis
Background diagnostics of the device are performed continuously throughout the entire operating time, providing control of all nodes. In this case, the tests pass:
- indicators
- display
- keyboards
- communication channels
- output relays.

 To monitor the health of the buses and the pulse signaling channel, one additional resistor must be connected to each bus. At the same time, the device provides the detection of a break in the bus, its de-energization or a malfunction of the internal circuits of the pulse signaling channel, which improves the reliability of the device.

Claims (1)

 A microprocessor-based pulse signaling relay device comprising a control unit, a voltage change detection unit, three primary transformer windings with circuit breakers installed therein, a switch, a secondary transformer winding whose outputs are connected to the inputs of the voltage change fixation unit, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability devices by introducing diagnostics of incoming nodes and expanding functionality by introducing registration, display and signaling functions and with the possibility of changing the configuration and operational transmission of information, the fourth primary transformer winding and a microprocessor system are introduced into it, the fourth switch installed in the fourth primary winding and all windings located on one magnetic core of the transformer, and the output of the voltage-change fixing unit is connected to the input of the control unit , the first and second output of which are connected, respectively, with the first and second input of the voltage change fixation unit, a group of acknowledgment inputs i is a group of inputs of the control unit, the third, fourth, fifth and sixth outputs of which are the control inputs (on / off) of the first, second, third and fourth switches, respectively, the group of inputs and outputs of the control unit is the first group of inputs and outputs of the microprocessor system, the second a group of inputs and outputs of which are inputs and outputs for communication with a personal computer and automatic control systems, a group of outputs of a microprocessor system are outputs for communication with signaling and display devices, a group of inputs of which It is used to receive signals from an object.

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