RU2195350C1 - Apparatus for high-speed feeding of working fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire-fighting equipment. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has casing, power diaphragm mounted inside casing between high-pressure chamber and working chamber and provided with central channel. Working chamber has branch pipes with nozzles and skew knives fixed at free ends of branch pipes. Branch pipes have portions arranged in the vicinity of piston and provided with perforations. Rear surfaces of working chamber are equipped with guiding openings having rupture membranes. Cutting edges of knives are arranged in guiding opening parts adjoining rupture membranes. Apparatus may be used for suppressing fires in closed volumes of, for example, movable objects, such as launching apparatuses, ships, planes, submarines, as well as in ammunition equipped with miscellaneous-purpose electronics. EFFECT: increased speed of feeding working fluid and enhanced reliability in operation. 3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to fire extinguishing means on objects of military equipment and can find application in suppressing fires in confined spaces, for example, moving objects (launchers, ships, airplanes, submarines), in ammunition with various electronic equipment (safety systems equipment, triggering equipment combat chains, etc.), including in the ammunition of multiple launch rocket systems.

 When developing fire prevention devices in facilities with a tight layout of the internal volume, the factor of ensuring the minimum time for putting the extinguishing agent (working fluid) into the areas of the facility where the fire started is extremely important. Along with this, the factor of volume and transmission distance of the working fluid is also important to ensure the required parameters in the zone of the ignition source.

 A known device for supplying a working fluid for volumetric fire extinguishing (see AS 1741821 USSR, class A 62 C 5/00) containing a combustion chamber in which a solid fuel charge and igniter are placed. The front end of the combustion chamber is closed by a removable cover in which the fuse is mounted. The rear end of the combustion chamber is connected with a nozzle connected to a nozzle made in the form of a diffuser. The combustion chamber is connected with a movement mechanism made in the form of freely rotating wheels that move along the guide.

 This design of the device allows for fire extinguishing in large-sized objects and premises, for example in tunnels, but cannot be used to extinguish a fire in small volumes because of its design and does not provide quick entry of a working fluid into objects of a closed volume of complex configuration, which is negative affects the suppression of the fire.

 Thus, the objective of this technical solution was the uniform distribution of the fire extinguishing product during longitudinal movement of the device without providing quick input of the working fluid into objects of a closed volume of complex configuration.

 Common features with the proposed device, the high-speed supply of the working fluid is the presence of a combustion chamber of the working fluid, nozzle and actuator.

 The closest in technical essence and the achieved technical result is a device for supplying a working fluid (extinguishing compositions) to a fire source (see fire extinguisher as per AS 1637813 USSR, class A 62 C 3/22), adopted by the authors as a prototype.

 The known device for supplying a working fluid contains a cylindrical body with bottoms, a gas generator including a launch system located in the upper part of the body, a high-pressure chamber with a gas-generating charge, placed along the axis of the fire extinguisher along its entire length and having bottom openings for the exit of gases, a working chamber and working fluid. To activate the device, it is equipped with a locking start-up head and an exhaust valve.

 The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the known device adopted as a prototype include the fact that it does not provide a high-speed input of extinguishing agent into hard-to-reach areas of objects with a high density of internal volume composition, which is extremely important when eliminating fire sources in explosive objects.

 The objective of this technical solution was to increase the reliability of the device without providing a high-speed input of the working fluid into hard-to-reach areas of objects with a high density of the internal volume layout.

 Common features with the device of high-speed supply of the working fluid proposed by the authors are the presence of a cylindrical body with bottoms, a high-pressure chamber, a working chamber, a working fluid, a launch system and a gas generator.

 Unlike the prototype, in the device of high-speed supply of the working fluid proposed by the authors, a power diaphragm with a central channel is mounted between the high-pressure chamber and the working chamber, and the working chamber is equipped with a piston, the piston is rigidly attached to the nozzles, at the free ends of which nozzles and slanting knives are located, near the piston perforations are made on the nozzles, and in the back bottom there are guide holes with breakthrough membranes, and the sharp edges of the knives are located in the guide holes near the breakthrough membranes.

 It is this that allows us to conclude that there is a causal relationship between the totality of the essential features of the claimed technical solution and the achieved technical result.

 These signs, distinctive from the prototype and to which the requested amount of legal protection applies in all cases, are sufficient.

 The objective of the invention is the provision of high-speed input of the working fluid in hard-to-reach areas of closed objects with a high density of the layout of the internal volume.

 The specified technical result during the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that in the known device for supplying a working fluid containing a cylindrical body with bottoms, a high pressure chamber, a working chamber, a working fluid, a launch system and a gas generator, the feature is that between the high pressure chamber and the working a power diaphragm with a central channel is mounted by the camera, and the working chamber is equipped with a piston, the piston is rigidly fastened to the nozzles, at the free ends of which nozzles and slanting knives are located, near EDSS nozzles formed on perforation, and the rear bottom - hole-rails with breakthrough membranes, wherein the sharp edges of the blades are located in the vicinity of guide-holes breakthrough membranes.

A new set of structural elements, as well as the presence of connections between the nodes and parts of the inventive device for high-speed supply of the working fluid allow, in particular, due to:
- supplying the working chamber with a piston and tightly bonding it with nozzles to ensure the displacement of the working fluid from the working chamber with the required parameters under the influence of high gas-dynamic loads arising from the operation of the powder charge of the gas generator;
- the location at the free ends of the nozzle nozzles and slanting knives to provide the required parameters for opening the breakthrough membranes and high-speed supply of the working fluid with the required characteristics of its dispersion;
- execution on the nozzles near the perforation piston to ensure the flow of the working fluid from the cavity of the working chamber through the nozzles into the working area, with simultaneous turbulization of the flow inside the nozzle, which increases the degree of crushing of the working fluid when it leaves the nozzle exit;
- execution on the back bottom of the guide holes with breakthrough membranes and the location of the sharp edges of the knives in the guide holes near the breakthrough membranes to exclude the misalignment and jamming of the piston and nozzles during its longitudinal movement during operation of the device, as well as from mechanical stress during service handling;
- installation of a power diaphragm with a central channel between the high-pressure chamber and the working chamber allows for a uniform supply of high-pressure gas to the working chamber and the required piston motion parameters.

 The device for high-speed supply of the working fluid in special cases is equipped with a breakthrough membrane on the central channel of the power diaphragm, which allows to increase the reliability of the device (to exclude the migration of the working fluid into the high-pressure chamber for long periods of storage), and to provide the required circular movable knife in the high-pressure chamber opening parameters.

 Breakthrough membranes of the device for high-speed supply of the working fluid in special cases of execution are made in the form of weakened sections, which allows to increase the reliability of the device and reduce the pressure of opening the membranes.

 The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the device for high-speed supply of the working fluid containing a cylindrical body with bottoms, a high-pressure chamber, a working chamber, a working fluid, a launch system and a gas generator, in contrast to the prototype according to the invention, is mounted between the high-pressure chamber and the working chamber a power diaphragm with a central channel, and the working chamber is equipped with a piston, the piston is rigidly attached to the nozzles, at the free ends of which nozzles and slanting knives are located, near the piston Perforation is observed, and in the back bottom there are guide holes with breakthrough membranes, and the sharp edges of the knives are located in guide holes near the breakthrough membranes.

 In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the device high-speed feed of the working fluid; figure 2 - cross section DD working chamber; figure 3 is a view of the device after the outlet of the nozzles in the working area.

 The proposed device for high-speed supply of the working fluid contains a cylindrical body 1 with bottoms (front 2 and rear 3), a high pressure chamber A, a working chamber B, a working fluid 4, a launch system 5 and a gas generator 6, between the high pressure chamber A and the working chamber B is mounted power diaphragm 7 with a central channel 8 closed by a breakthrough membrane B, and the working chamber B is equipped with a piston 9, the piston 9 is rigidly fastened with nozzles 10, at the free ends of which nozzles 11 and slanting knives 12 are located, near the piston 9 on the nozzles 10 there are there is no perforation 13, and in the rear bottom 3, the guide holes 14 with breakthrough membranes G, and the sharp edges of the knives 12 are located in the guide holes 14 near the breakthrough membranes G.

 Device high-speed feed of the working fluid operates as follows.

 When the start system 5 is triggered, the gas generator 6 is activated. Upon reaching a certain pressure in the chamber A, the powder gases flow through the central channel 8 in the power diaphragm 7 into the working chamber B and acts on the piston 9 with nozzles 10, while the knives 12 located in the holes guides 14 of the rear bottom 3, breakthrough membranes G are opened and the nozzles 10 are extended into the working area, at the same time the working fluid 4 passes through the perforation holes 13 and nozzles 10 to the nozzles 11, which supply the working La to the work area.

 In the design of increased reliability (in particular cases of its execution), a movable ring knife 15 is placed in the high-pressure chamber, and the central channel 8 of the power diaphragm 7 is provided with a breakthrough membrane B, which is destroyed by the ring knife 15 after the gas generator 6 is activated. Further operation of the device is carried out as described higher.

 The implementation of the supply of the working fluid in accordance with the invention allows for high-speed input of the working fluid in remote areas of closed objects with a high density of the internal volume for short periods of time and thereby prevent the operation of explosive objects as a result of short circuits of both pyrotechnic and electrical circuits under the influence of high temperatures and increase the reliability of suppression of fires in explosive objects and thus safety is armed s and military equipment. Thus, the invention can be used to suppress ignition in confined spaces of moving objects, for example (launchers, ships, planes, submarines), in ammunition with electronic equipment for various purposes (security systems equipment, equipment for engaging combat circuits, etc. )

 The specified positive effect is confirmed by laboratory bench and field tests of prototypes made in accordance with the invention.

 Currently, design documentation has been developed and mass production is planned.

Claims (3)

 1. A device for high-speed supply of the working fluid, comprising a cylindrical body with bottoms, a high-pressure chamber, a working chamber, a working fluid, a start-up system and a gas generator, characterized in that a power diaphragm with a central channel is mounted between the high-pressure chamber and the working chamber, and the working chamber equipped with a piston, the piston is rigidly attached to the nozzles, at the free ends of which nozzles and slanting knives are located, perforation is performed on the nozzles near the piston, and the guide holes with breakthrough holes in the back bottom membranes, and the sharp edges of the knives are located in the guide holes near the breakthrough membranes.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the central channel of the power diaphragm is equipped with a breakthrough membrane, and a movable ring knife is placed in the high-pressure chamber.  3. The device according to p. 1 or 2, characterized in that the breakthrough membrane is made in the form of weakened sections.

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