RU2194161C2 - Telemetering system for monitoring of bottomhole parameters - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: drilling equipment; applicable in monitoring of bottomhole parameters in well drilling and well logging. SUBSTANCE: bottomhole telemetering system has measuring module, module of power supply and transmitting module. For information transmission, transmitting module uses electromagnetic channel of communication and additional transmitting module forming pulses of drilling mud pressure for transmission of information through hydraulic communication channel. All modules are mounted and secured in body of telemetering system. Transmitting module using electromagnetic channel for information transmission is installed on contact centralizers so as to locate electrical separator between them. Surface equipment has receiving device connected with antenna and with mud pressure pickup installed in discharge line of drilling mud. Electrical connectors of modules may have the same design from both sides to provide for their assembly in different sequence. Besides, they may be closed with sealed plugs fulfilling functions of deflectors. EFFECT: higher reliability of system, accuracy of information supplied by downhole instruments. 3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to drilling equipment, and in particular to means for controlling downhole parameters during drilling and geophysical research of wells.

 Known downhole telemetry system designed to transmit downhole information to the surface via a wired communication channel (Kalinin A.G. et al. Drilling of deviated wells. - M .: Nedra, 1990, p. 110, 111). This downhole telemetry system comprises an in-depth telemetry system unit, an in-depth measurement device, a ground control panel, a ground measurement device, and a communication cable. The presence of a communication cable inside the drill pipes has the following disadvantages: high cost, problems in the reliability of the connection, wear and damage to the cable due to abrasive wear and rotation of the pipes, difficulties during fishing operations, the need for special equipment for working with the cable, an increase in the time of tripping operations, and limitation of the depth of use.

 A well-known system for measuring downhole parameters during drilling (MWD) by Geoservis with an electromagnetic communication channel (Technology of horizontal, directional and cluster drilling. - Review of the All-Russian Research Institute of Zarubezhgeologiya, 1991, issue 8, p. 8-9). The sensors of this system allow you to measure the zenith angle, azimuth, layout orientation, temperature, pressure, as well as obtain logging data. The disadvantage of telesystems using an electromagnetic communication channel is the short range of 1,500 -2,000 m due to the low-power transmitter, powered by lithium batteries.

 A system with a more powerful transmitter up to 500 W, known as the Zamet telemetry system (V. Chuprov, Report of VNIIGIS, 1993), has a range limited to a depth of 3200 - 3500 m.

 A common drawback of telemetry systems with an electromagnetic communication channel is that in low-resistance sections, for example, in Western Siberia, the range of systems with an electromagnetic communication channel is limited, and for very high-resistance sections, for example, salt formations, the electromagnetic communication channel practically does not work, since the signal is shielded .

 A telemetry system with a hydraulic communication channel is also known, for example, along a. from. USSR 709807, IPC 2 E 21 V 47/12. This system comprises a valve forming pressure pulses and ground recording equipment.

 A common drawback of systems using a hydraulic communication channel are: a high level of mud pulsations caused by the operation of the mud pump in the operating frequency range, as well as increased demands on the quality of drilling mud cleaning, its composition and uniformity.

 The downhole telemetry system according to a. from. USSR 471429, IPC E 21B 47/12. This system contains an electric generator and a module that transmits information through a hydraulic communication channel, which in turn consists of a housing, sensors, and a valve forming hydraulic pulses.

 The closest analogue can be considered the downhole telemetry system according to the utility model of the Russian Federation 16759, which contains: a measuring module, a power supply module and a transmitting module using an electromagnetic communication channel for transmission, and an additional transmitting module using a hydraulic communication channel for transmission.

 The disadvantages of this system, in addition to the disadvantages characteristic of the hydraulic communication channel, are low reliability, lack of ability to control the reliability of the information received.

 The objectives of the invention are to increase the reliability of the telemetry system, as well as improving the accuracy of measurements and ensuring the reliability of the information received on the controlled parameters.

 The desired technical result is achieved due to the fact that in a downhole telemetry system containing a measuring module, a power supply module and a transmitting module using an electromagnetic communication channel for transmission, as well as an additional second transmitting module that generates flushing fluid pressure pulses for transmitting information through the hydraulic communication channel while all the modules are centered in the body of the telemetry system, consisting of two parts with an electric separator forming a dipole, and fixed s, and the transmitting module, which provides information transfer via the electromagnetic communication channel, is mounted on contact centralizers so that the electric separator is between them, ground-based equipment is also installed, containing a receiving device, one input of which is connected to the antenna and the other to the pressure sensor flushing fluid installed in the injection line of the drilling fluid.

 The electrical connectors of the modules of the same design are made on both sides to ensure the modules are docked in different sequences.

 Patent studies have shown that the proposed technical solution meets the criteria of the invention: it has novelty, inventive step and industrial applicability.

 The invention is illustrated in the drawings, where in FIG. 1 is a control diagram of downhole parameters, FIG. 2 - shows the general layout of the device.

 The telemetry system 1 (Fig. 1) is attached to the drill pipe string 2 and is located above the downhole motor 3. In the discharge line of the mud pump 4, a washing fluid pressure sensor 5 is installed. The ground equipment of the telemetry system contains a receiving device 6, PC 7, printing device 8. One input of the receiving device 6 is connected to the antenna 9, and the other to the pressure sensor of the washing liquid 5.

 The downhole telemetry system 1 (Fig. 2) consists of the following main components and parts: the housing 10, which consists of two parts with an electrical spacer 11. Inside the housing 10 there is a measuring module 12, a power supply module 13, a transmitting module 14, which generates pressure pulses of the washing liquid for transmitting information through a hydraulic communication channel, and additionally a second transmitting module 15, using an electromagnetic communication channel for transmission, which duplicates the transmission of information. Module 15 contains a block with electronic components 16. Modules 12, 13 and 14 are mounted on centralizers 17 that allow the passage of drilling fluid. Module 15 is mounted on contact centralizers 18, which act as an electrical contact. In this case, the electrical separator 11 must be between the contact centralizers 18, as a result of which the two parts of the housing 10 function as a dipole. The module housing 15 also has an electrical isolator. The module 14 includes a diaphragm 19 and a valve 20, designed directly for the formation of pressure pulses. Modules 12-15 have electrical connectors 21 on both sides, ensuring their assembly in a different sequence. The upper and lower electrical connectors 21 are hermetically sealed with covers 22, which serve as fairings.

 The system operates as follows. Drilling parameters are measured by the sensors of the measuring module 12. The signal is encoded into the transmitting modules 14 and 15.

 The transmitting module 14 overlaps the cross section of the housing 10. The drilling fluid passes through the diaphragm 19 and the valve 20, designed to generate a hydraulic signal. The valve 20 performs a reciprocating motion, as a result of which the flow area of the drilling fluid is reduced and a pressure wave is generated that carries information through the hydraulic communication channel. An electromagnetic signal is generated in the block with electronic components 16 and is fed to a dipole formed by two parts of the housing 10 with an electrical splitter 11. The signal is transmitted to the surface via an electromagnetic communication channel.

 Information about the downhole parameters is received simultaneously through the hydraulic and electromagnetic communication channel to the receiving device 6. In the receiving device 6, the signal is prepared for input into the PC 7, where the signals received from the electromagnetic and hydraulic communication channels are processed together.

 The system can operate in the following modes. In the case of reliable reception via a hydraulic or electromagnetic communication channel, only one transmitting module 16 or the second transmitting module 17 can operate. If there is interference on one of the communication channels, the transmission on both communication channels is duplicated. In the absence of interference, various information is simultaneously transmitted through both communication channels, which increases the data transfer rate.

The application of the invention allowed:
1. Ensure the assembly of the downhole telemetry system from the modules in any configuration: with one transmitting module or with two at the same time.

 2. To increase the accuracy of the measurement and to ensure the reliability of the obtained information about the borehole parameters due to the joint processing of signals received through two independent communication channels. This ensures the noise immunity of the system.

 3. Increase the speed of information transfer, since in the absence of interference, parallel transmission of information about different parameters through two channels is possible.

 4. Compare the results of measurements obtained by two fundamentally different methods.

 5. Increase system reliability by duplicating transmission.

 6. To ensure that bottomhole information is obtained in case of serious failures of one of the systems.

Claims (3)

 1. A telemetric monitoring system for downhole parameters, comprising a measuring module, a power supply module and a transmitting module using an electromagnetic communication channel for transmission, and an additional transmitting module that generates flushing fluid pressure pulses for transmitting information through the hydraulic communication channel, characterized in that all modules are centered in the body of the telemetry system, consisting of two parts with an electric separator forming a dipole, and fixed, and the transmitting module using An electromagnetic communication channel for transmitting information is installed on contact centralizers, so that an electrical splitter is located between them, and ground-based equipment is also installed, containing a receiving device, one input of which is connected to the antenna and the other to a washing liquid pressure sensor, installed in the injection line of the drilling fluid.  2. The telemetry system according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrical connectors of the modules have the same design on both sides, ensuring their assembly in a different sequence.  3. The telemetry system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the upper and lower electrical connectors of the modules are closed with sealed plugs that perform the functions of fairings.

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