RU2193834C2 - Method for preseeding complex treatment of cucumber seeds against root-knot nematode - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, phytohelminthology. SUBSTANCE: method includes wetting cucumber seeds with 1-% chitosan solution at 200 ml/kg seeds and powdering them with thiabendazol at 3 g/kg. The method provides efficient protection against a root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne Spp.) at cucumber plants in protected ground. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 4 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the field of agriculture, namely to phytohelminthology, and can be used to combat the gall nematode at distances of the cucumber.

 A known method of treating cucumber seeds against a gall nematode with a solution of chitosan by soaking the seeds before sowing and then dusting them with thiabendazole at the rate of 3 g per 1 kg (1).

 The disadvantage of this method is the low efficiency of seed treatment.

 The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of seed treatment. This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of complex treatment of cucumber seeds against gall nematodes, including soaking the seeds and then dusting them with thiabendazole at the rate of 3 g of thiabendazole per 1 kg of seeds, the seeds are soaked in 1% chitosan solution at the rate of 200 ml of solution per 1 kg of seeds.

 An example of obtaining a solution of chitosan and processing seeds of cucumbers 10.0 g of chitosan was diluted in 500 ml of 2% acetic acid and a 2% colloidal solution of chitosan in acetic acid was obtained. After complete dissolution of chitosan in acetic acid (within 8-10 hours), the resulting chitosan solution was diluted with water to 1 L and thus a 1% solution of chitosan was obtained. 100 g of cucumber seeds were moistened in a 1% chitosan solution, and then dusted with thiabendazole at the rate of 0.3 g per 100 g of seeds. The cucumber seeds treated with the preparations were sown in the soil.

Examples of specific performance
Example 1. The effectiveness of pre-treatment of seeds of cucumbers with a solution of chitosan in concentrations of 0.5; 0.8; 1.0 and 1.2%.

 30 seeds of cucumbers treated with chitosan in the above concentrations were sown in pots with soil. The control was seeds treated with water. When cotyledon leaves appeared, plants were infected with 1500 gall nematode larvae per plant. Larvae were introduced under each root into the soil, and then watered with water.

 Plants were evaluated for nematode resistance by seedlings 25 days after infection with nematode larvae on a 4-point scale (1 point - up to 5 galls on plant roots; 2 - 6-15; 3 - 16-25 and 4 points - 26 or more galls ) For this, the roots of the plants were washed in water, then, under the magnifying glass, the presence of galls on them was taken into account.

где Σ (ахв) - сумма произведений числа растений на соответствующий им балл поражения; N - общее количество учтенных растений; n - число непораженных растений.The intensity of the lesion (I) in points was determined by the formula:

where Σ (ahv) is the sum of the products of the number of plants by the corresponding lesion score; N is the total number of registered plants; n is the number of unaffected plants.

 The results of the example are presented in table. 1 (see the end of the description).

 From table 1 it can be seen that when treating seeds with 1.0 and 1.2% chitosan solution, the infection rate of cucumber plants with a nematode was lower than when treating with lower concentrations of the drug.

 Example 2. The effectiveness of thiabendazole in doses of 0.1; 0.2; 0.3 and 0.4 g per 100 seeds against gall nematodes on cucumber plants.

 Before sowing, the seeds of cucumbers were moistened with water and dusted with thiabendazole in doses of 0.1; 0.2; 0.3 and 0.4 g per 100 g of seeds, then 30 seeds were sown in flowerpots with soil. When cotyledon leaves appeared, the plants were infected with nematode larvae. Infection and assessment of plant infection by nematodes was carried out by analogy to example 1.

 The results of the example are presented in table. 2 (see the end of the description).

 As can be seen from table 2, the treatment of seeds of cucumbers with thiabendazole in doses of 0.3 and 0.4 per 100 g of seeds was more effective than in doses of 0.1 and 0.2 g.

Based on the results obtained, further studies were performed with a dose of thiabendazole of 0.3 g
Example 3. The effectiveness of pre-sowing complex treatment of seeds of cucumbers against gall nematodes.

 50 seeds of cucumbers were soaked in chitosan solutions at concentrations of 0.5; 0.8; 1.0 and 1.2%, followed by dusting with thiabendazole at the rate of 0.3 g per 100 g of seeds. Seeds were sown in flowerpots, plants infected with larvae of 1,500 individuals per plant. After 25 days, the state of plant roots was taken into account on a 4-point scale.

 The research results are presented in table. 3 (see the end of the description).

 The smallest infection of plants with a gall nematode was obtained by treating cucumber seeds with 1.0 and 1.2% chitosan solutions and dusting with thiabendazole at the rate of 0.3 g per 100 g of seeds.

 Since chitosan at a concentration of 1.0 and 1.2% together with thiabendazole showed the same results, 1% of chitosan and thiabendazole at a dose of 0.3 g per 100 g of seeds were used in the production experiment.

 Example 4. The effectiveness of pre-sowing complex treatment of seeds of cucumbers with chitosan and thiabendazole in a production environment.

 The experiment was conducted on naturally infected gall nematode soil. Cucumber seeds were treated with 1.0% chitosan solution followed by dusting with thiabendazole at the rate of 0.3 g / 100 g of seeds. Seeds were sown in pots with soil with an uninfected nematode; a month later, cucumber seedlings were transplanted into a greenhouse into the soil, naturally infected with a gall nematode. In the control, seeds were not treated with preparations.

 After 7 months, the roots of the plants were examined for infection with their gall nematode on a 4-point scale, the intensity of infection of plants with a nematode was determined in the experiment and control.

 The research results are presented in table. 4 (see the end of the description).

 The number of plants uninfected with the gall nematode and slightly infected in the experiment was 2 times higher than in the control. Thus, the proposed method of pre-sowing treatment allows you to effectively deal with the gall nematode on cucumbers in protected ground.

Sourse of information
1. Popova M. B. and Shesteperova A. A. Bulletin of the All-Russian Institute of Helminthology. K.I. Scriabin, M., 1978, p. 20-27.

Claims (1)

 A method for pre-sowing complex treatment of seeds of a cucumber against a gall nematode, including soaking the seeds and then dusting them with thiabendazole at the rate of 3 g per 1 kg of seeds, characterized in that the seeds are soaked in 1% chitosan solution at the rate of 200 ml per 1 kg of seeds.

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