RU2191797C2 - Bitumen production process - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: petroleum processing and manufacture of building materials. SUBSTANCE: to oil residues is added household waste: used polymer films, polymer bottle fragments, foamed plastics and/or organic glass (all preliminarily melted and freed of solids), after which resulting mix is either oxidized or oxidized and compounded with oxidized and residual bitumens. Alternatively, either oil residues are completed by indicated waste and resulting mix is compounded with distillates and oxidized and residual bitumens or distillates are combined with waste and then compounded with oil residues. EFFECT: improved quality of bitumen product, reduced environmental pollution, and reduced expenses. 2 cl, 7 ex

Description

 The invention relates to the field of processing of oil residues, in particular to the production of bitumen from them, as well as to the field of recycling of polymer waste.

 Known methods for producing bitumen by oxygen oxidation of air of various oil residues / fuel oils, tars, semi-tars, asphalt deasphalting, extracts of selective oil refining, cracking residues and mixtures thereof / or compounding various oil residues with distillates and with oxidized or residual bitumen / Gun R. B. ., "Oil bitumen", M, Chemistry, 1989 /.

 It is also known that to improve the quality indicators of bitumen, polymers are added to them: polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene propylene polymer, polyvinyl chloride, etc. in amounts of 1 to 15 wt.% / Gun. R.B., see above, p.24, 144 /.

 However, the cost of commercial polymers significantly exceeds the cost of bitumen, so the resulting composition is much more expensive than the original bitumen and is of limited use.

 In addition, the polymers in bitumen form a relatively coarse-grained structure and polymer-bitumen compositions acquire physicomechanical properties different from those of bitumen / Gun RB, see above, pp. 143-144 /. This is explained by the fact that the molecular weight of polymers is ten times higher than the molecular weight of petroleum resins and asphaltenes, which are the main part of bitumen.

 The claimed invention eliminates these disadvantages. It is known that in the production of polymeric materials, unused waste (crusts, screenings, and other substandard) is formed, which, as a rule, is disposed of at special landfills. In everyday life, polymer packaging and containers (for example, bottles), polymer film, organic glass, etc., are widely used. polymers that, after use, are transported to household landfills, where they are burned, polluting the atmosphere, or buried for eternal storage, because in vivo they do not decompose.

Domestic polymer waste consists mainly of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate / organic glass / and copolymers of ethylene, propylene, styrene and the like. These polymers melt in the temperature range of 80-180 ^o C and at these temperatures, most of them dissolve in oil fractions, including in oil residues.

If household polymer waste is added to raw materials for the production of bitumen, as provided by the claimed invention, then upon subsequent processing of the raw material (for example, oxidation with atmospheric oxygen at a temperature of 180-300 ^o C), partial destruction of high molecular weight polymer resins, thorough mixing of the components and their partial oxidation . Along with improved adhesion, cohesion and other quality indicators of bitumen, their uniformity increases in comparison with bitumen, to which polymers are simply added / SU 143711, 01/20/1962 /.

 When industrial waste of polyvinyl chloride is introduced into an oil distillate, followed by compounding with oil residues, fire-resistant bitumen is obtained / Gun RB, see above, p. 144 /, which is an additional technical result of the claimed invention.

 Domestic polymer waste during collection and transportation may be contaminated with mechanical impurities, so it is advisable to melt and remove mechanical impurities before entering into the raw materials.

Salient features of known methods for producing bitumen:
- oxidize with air oxygen oil residues / fuel oil, tars, semi-tars, deasphalting asphalts, extracts of selective oil refining, cracking residues or mixtures thereof,
- compounding / mixing / oil residues with distillates and with oxidized or residual bitumen,
- polymers are introduced into bitumen.

The essential features of the claimed invention:
- household and / or industrial polymer waste is introduced into oil residues or distillates,
- before entering into oil residues or distillates, household and / or industrial polymer waste is melted and mechanical impurities are removed,
- oxidize oxygen residual oil residues,
- compound / mix / oil residues with distillates and with oxidized or residual bitumen.

 The main distinguishing feature of the claimed invention: "household and / or industrial polymer waste is introduced into oil residues or distillates."

 An additional distinguishing feature: "before entering into oil residues or distillates, household and / or industrial waste is melted and mechanical impurities are removed."

Example 1. In the oil residue / fuel oil, tar, semi-tar, asphalt deasphalting, selective oil purification extract, cracking residue or a mixture thereof / at a temperature of 120-180 ^o With introduced scrap polymer bottles, polystyrene and / or organic glass in an amount of 1 wt. .%. The resulting feedstock is mixed by circulation with a pump and sent for oxidation according to the known technology for producing bitumen.

Example 2. Scrap of polymer bottles, foam and / or organic glass is melted by heating to 480 ^{° C.} , mechanical impurities are settled, and then they are introduced into the oil residue and processed as described in example 1.

Example 3. In the oil residue at a temperature of 120-180 ^o With dissolve the film polymer household waste in an amount of 15 wt.% And process, as described in example 1.

Example 4. Domestic polymer waste of indeterminate composition / film polymer packaging, scrap polymer bottles, plexiglass, foam, used polymer film, etc. / is melted at a temperature of 160-180 ^o With, settling separated mechanical impurities and solid residues, then the melt in the amount of 1-15 wt.% introduced into the oil residue. This mixture is oxidized according to known technology to obtain bitumen with specified quality indicators.

Example 5. In the oil distillate at a temperature of 90-100 ^o With enter industrial waste polyvinyl chloride / crust, screenings and other substandard / in the amount of 3-15 wt.% / In terms of commodity bitumen /. The resulting mixture was compounded with an oil residue and a flame retardant bitumen was obtained.

 Example 6. Plastic oil wastes are introduced into the oil residue as described in examples 1 or 2. The resulting mixture is compounded according to the known technology with distillates and with oxidized or residual bitumen.

 Example 7. Plastic waste was added to the oil residue and the resulting mixture was oxidized as described in examples 1-4, then it was compounded according to the known technology with distillates and with oxidized or residual bitumen.

Claims (2)

 1. A method of producing bitumen from oil residues and polymer waste, characterized in that household waste is introduced into oil residues - film polymer household waste, polymer bottle scrap, polystyrene and / or organic glass and oxidize, or oxidize and compound with oxidized and residual bitumen or these wastes are introduced into oil residues and compounded with distillates and oxidized and residual bitumen, or industrial polyvinyl chloride wastes are introduced into distillates and compounded with oil residues.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that household or industrial waste is melted and removed mechanical impurities before entering into oil residues or into distillates.