RU2189606C1 - Procedure determining distance to short-circuit point in ac contact network and device for its realization - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electric traction systems. SUBSTANCE: procedure is based on utilization of parameters of emergency condition by way of measurement of voltage across buses of substation, current in feeder of faulty contact network and phase shift between them. Initial value of distance to short-circuit point is specified and method of successive approximation is employed to determine distance to fault as result of systematic computation of coefficients taking into account decreased resistance of track circuit due to shunting effect of ground for given power supply circuit of intersubstation zone and of functions taking account of parameters of traction substations, contact network and rails depending on power supply circuit of intersubstation zone. Device installed at substation includes current pickup and voltage pickup, recorder, phase angle-data transmitter, controllers of linear resistance of contact network, of mutual inductance between contact networks of different tracks, track circuit, resistance of adjacent substations, distances between substation and sectionalization post, between adjacent substations, two programmable functional converters, two multipliers, units of power supply of contact network according to number of power supply circuits taken into account. Each unit incorporates four programmable multifunctional converters, logic unit selecting power supply circuit and commutator. Fourth programmable multifunctional converter can form output signal proportional to distance from substation to point of short-circuit. EFFECT: simplified procedure and increased accuracy of determination of distance to point of short-circuit. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to electrified transport and can be used in traction power supply systems to determine the distance of a short circuit in a contact AC network.

на основании которого судят об удаленности места короткого замыкания.Way
A known method for determining the remoteness of a short circuit in a contact network by emergency mode parameters implemented in the device / 1 /. It consists in measuring the voltage U _A on the substation buses and the feeder current I ' _{1 of the} damaged contact network and calculating the parameter Z by the formula:

on the basis of which they judge the remoteness of the short circuit.

 This method is implemented in devices / 2 /. Low accuracy is inherent in it due to the influence of arc resistance at the short circuit location and the nonlinear dependence of the rail resistance on distance due to the shunting effect of the earth. In addition, in the double-track sections between the Z value and the distance to the short circuit, there is no direct relationship due to the inductive effect of the contact path current of the adjacent path. For these reasons, the error in determining the distance to the place of a short circuit by the value of Z can reach 4 km or more, which makes sense the use of this method.

на основании которой судят об удаленности места короткого замыкания.A known method for determining the location of a short circuit in the contact network of railways of alternating current, implemented in the device / 3 /. It can be formulated as a way to determine the distance of the fault location by the emergency mode parameters by measuring the voltage U _A on the substation buses, the feeder current I ' _{1 of the} damaged contact network and the phase angle φ ₁ between them and calculating the function:

on the basis of which they judge the remoteness of the short circuit.

 The method is more accurate than the previous one, since with one-way power supply to the contact network, the resistance of the electric arc, which has almost only the active component, does not introduce an error into the dependence of the parameter X on the distance to the place of damage. However, with two-way power, which is the main one, the electric arc affects the parameter X, changing the relationship between the parameter X and the distance to the place of damage. In addition, this parameter is influenced by the nonlinear dependence of the rail resistance on the short circuit distance due to the shunting effect of the earth and the mutual inductive coupling of contact networks of adjacent paths. For these reasons, the error in determining the distance of a short circuit by parameter X with two-way power can reach 2 km or more, which is also unacceptably large.

где X_c,1 - индуктивная составляющая индуктивно развязанного сопротивления 1 км контактной сети одного пути;
Х_р,m - индуктивная составляющая индуктивно развязанного сопротивления 1 км рельсового пути m-путного участка;
Х_вс - индуктивная составляющая сопротивления, учитывающего взаимную индуктивную связь контактных сетей смежных путей на длине 1 км.A known method for determining the distance of a short circuit, implemented in the device / 4 /, having the largest number of essential features that match the invention. It can be formulated as a way to determine the distance of the damage site by the emergency mode parameters by measuring the current I _{A of the} substation supply arm, the voltage U _A on the substation buses, the feeder current I ' _{1 of the} damaged contact network and the phase angle φ ₁ between them, characterized in that the distance l _K to the short circuit location and the method of successive approximations determine the distance l _K short circuit as a result of a systematic calculation of the coefficient ν _A , taking into account the decrease in the resistance of the rail circuit and due to the shunting effect of the earth, an additional angle δ, depending on the remoteness of the short circuit, and the function:

where X _{c, 1} is the inductive component of the inductively decoupled resistance of 1 km of the contact network of one path;
X _{p, m} is the inductive component of the inductively decoupled resistance of 1 km of the rail track of the m-way section;
X _vs - inductive component of the resistance, taking into account the mutual inductive coupling of contact networks of adjacent paths over a length of 1 km.

Moreover, the additional angle δ is determined by the ratio of the distance of the short circuit l _K to the distance to the sectioning station.

The disadvantages of this method are: the use of information on the current I _{A of the} supply arm and insufficient information on the functional dependence of the additional angle δ, which reduce the accuracy of determining the distance l _K short circuit. The first drawback is that the current of the supply arm I _A , as you know, contains not only the component of the short circuit current of the contact network, but also the components of the auxiliary current of the substation and the current of the high-voltage line of the DPR (two wires - rails) used to power non-traction consumers . The second drawback is that the angle δ depends not so much on the ratio of the distance of the short circuit l _K to the distance to the sectioning post, as is customary in this method, but on the ratio of the resistances of the equivalent circuit of the contact network, which in turn depends on its power supply circuit.

These shortcomings lead to a decrease in the accuracy of determining the distance l _K based on the reduced function.

The technical result of the invention is to improve the accuracy and simplification. Improving accuracy is achieved by using a different sequence of other operations. Simplification is ensured by the fact that the current I _{A of the} supply arm does not need to be measured.

где

- заданные комплексные сопротивления смежных подстанций А и В;

- комплексные сопротивления результирующей схемы замещения контактной сети на участках соответственно от подстанции А и от подстанции В до точки короткого замыкания, вычисляемые при данной схеме питания по формулам, указанным, например, в приведенной в описании таблице;
I₁ - заданное расстояние от подстанции А до поста секционирования;
n - число путей, по контактной сети которых на участке от подстанции А до поста секционирования протекает ток, зависящее от схемы питания;

- заданное комплексное индуктивно развязанное сопротивление 1 км контактной сети одного пути;

- заданное комплексное индуктивно развязанное сопротивление 1 км рельсовой цепи всех путей;

- заданное комплексное индуктивно развязанное сопротивление 1 км, учитывающее взаимную индуктивную связь контактных сетей разных путей и равное нулю на однопутном участке или при отключенной контактной сети всех смежных путей на многопутном участке.The essence of the invention lies in the fact that to determine the distance of a short circuit in the AC contact network, according to the emergency mode parameters by measuring the voltage U _A , the feeder current I ' _{1 of the} damaged contact network feeder and the phase angle φ ₁ between them on the substation A buses, set the initial l _K value of distance to fault and the method of successive approximations determines the distance l _K short circuit due to the systematic computation for a given supply circuit inter- sub station zone on zvestna formulas values of the coefficients ν _A and ν _B, taking into account the decrease in resistance of the track circuit sections to from adjacent substations A and B, respectively, to short-circuit point of the shunting effect of the earth, and functions:

Where

- given complex resistances of adjacent substations A and B;

- complex resistances of the resulting equivalent circuit of the contact network in the sections, respectively, from substation A and from substation B to the short circuit point, calculated with this power supply circuit according to the formulas specified, for example, in the table given in the description;
I ₁ - the specified distance from substation A to the sectioning station;
n is the number of paths along the contact network of which a current depending on the power supply flows in the area from substation A to the sectioning station;

- a given complex inductively decoupled resistance of 1 km of the contact network of one path;

- a given complex inductively decoupled resistance of 1 km of the rail circuit of all paths;

- a given complex inductively decoupled resistance of 1 km, taking into account the mutual inductive coupling of contact networks of different paths and equal to zero on a single-track section or when the contact network of all adjacent paths on a multi-track section is disconnected.

где m - известная величина, зависящая от сопротивления контура рельсы - земля и высоты подвешивания контактной сети;
γ - известный коэффициент распространения рельсового пути.The values of the coefficients ν _A and ν _B are calculated according to the well-known formula:

where m is the known value, depending on the resistance of the rail circuit - ground and the height of the suspension of the contact network;
γ is the known coefficient of distribution of the rail track.

For L = l _K, they get ν = ν _A , for L = l ₁ + l ₂ = l - l _to get ν = ν _B ,
where l ₂ is the specified distance from substation B to the sectioning station;
l is the specified distance from substation A to substation B.

для каждой из них. В этих формулах:

- заданные индуктивно развязанные комплексные сопротивления 1 км рельсовой цепи соответственно однопутного и двухпутного участков. Формулы для вычисления сопротивлений

для других возможных схем питания приведены в /6,7/.The table shows as an example some possible power schemes of the inter-substation zone and formulas for calculating complex resistances

for each of them. In these formulas:

- given inductively isolated complex resistances of 1 km of the rail circuit, respectively, single-track and double-track sections. Resistance Formulas

for other possible power schemes are given in / 6.7 /.

The application of the method is illustrated in figure 1, which shows the power scheme of the inter-substation zone between adjacent substations A and B with the station section PS (figure 1, a) and its equivalent circuit (figure 1, b). The damage is located at point K at a distance l _K from substation A. The distance from the substation post to substation A is l ₁ , and to substation B is l ₂ , with l ₁ + l ₂ = l. The voltage U _A , the current I ' _{1 of the} damaged contact network and the phase angle φ ₁ between them are measured on the buses of the substation A with the help of measuring voltage transformers TV and current TA. The equivalent circuit shown in figure 1, b corresponds to the known / 5 / and serves to justify the accepted functional dependencies.

Compared with the known method implemented in / 4 /, such signs as measuring the voltage U _A on the substation buses, the feeder current I ′ _{1 of the} damaged contact network and the phase angle φ ₁ between them, calculating the additional angle δ, the coefficient ν _A and the method of sequential approximations to determine the remoteness of l _K short circuits are the same.

New features are operations to determine the numerical values of the intermediate parameters D, δ, N, α _N , z _e , α _e and the distance l _K to the damage site based on functional relationships (1) - (7).

The method is used as follows. In the event of a short circuit of the contact network at any point K in the area from substation A to the sectioning station of the substation (Fig. 1, a), the voltage U _A , the current I ′ _{1 of the} contact network of the damaged feeder and the phase angle φ ₁ between them. Then, the initial value of the distance l _{K is set} , for example, l ' _K = 0, and based on the functional dependences (1) - (6), the values of the intermediate parameters D, δ, N, α _N , z _e and α _e are calculated using the formulas given in table. These intermediate values are then used in the functional dependence (7), on the basis of which the distance of the place of damage l _K is determined.

If the obtained value of l _K does not coincide with the initial value of l ' _K that was specified, then another l l _K value is set (for example, l l _K = 0.05 km) and the intermediate parameters D, δ, N, α _N are calculated again , z _e and α _e , according to formulas (1) - (6) which are substituted into the functional dependence (7). Such a sequence of operations (calculations) is repeated until the set value of the distance l ' _K numerically coincides with the distance l _K determined on the basis of the functional dependence (7).

 The calculation of the modules and arguments of complex numbers is carried out according to the rules known in mathematics.

а блок регистрации фиксирует результат деления Z, по значению которого судят об удаленности места короткого замыкания. Конструкции подобных устройств описаны в /2/. Такие устройства имеют низкую точность из-за влияния сопротивления дуги в месте короткого замыкания и нелинейной зависимости сопротивления рельсов от расстояния из-за шунтирующего влияния земли. Кроме того, на двухпутных участках между величиной Z и расстоянием до места повреждения нет прямой зависимости из-за индуктивного влияния тока контактной сети смежного пути. По этим причинам ошибка в определении расстояния до места короткого замыкания по величине Z может достичь 4 км и более, что лишает смысла применение устройства.Device
A device for determining the location of a short circuit in the contact network / 1 /. It contains a current sensor, a voltage sensor, a division unit and a registration unit. In case of a short circuit, the current sensor detects the current I ' ₁ , the voltage sensor detects the mains voltage U _A , the division unit performs the operation

and the registration unit captures the result of division Z, the value of which judges the remoteness of the short circuit. The designs of such devices are described in / 2 /. Such devices have low accuracy due to the influence of arc resistance at the short circuit location and the nonlinear dependence of the rail resistance on distance due to the shunting effect of the earth. In addition, in double-track areas, there is no direct relationship between the Z value and the distance to the damage site due to the inductive effect of the contact path current of the adjacent path. For these reasons, an error in determining the distance to the place of a short circuit by the value of Z can reach 4 km or more, which makes the use of the device meaningless.

а блок регистрации фиксирует результат деления X, по значению которого судят об удаленности короткого замыкания. Такое устройство более точно, чем предыдущее, поскольку при одностороннем питании контактной сети сопротивление электрической дуги, имеющее практически только активную составляющую, не вносит погрешность в результат деления X. Однако, при двухстороннем питании контактной сети, которое является основным, электрическая дуга влияет на результат деления X. Кроме того, на этот результат влияет нелинейная зависимость сопротивления рельсов от удаленности короткого замыкания и индуктивное влияние тока контактной сети смежного пути. По этим причинам ошибка в определении расстояния до места короткого замыкания по величине Х при двухстороннем питании может достичь 2 км и более, что так же является недопустимо большим.A device for determining the location of a short circuit in the contact network of railways of alternating current / 3 /. It contains a current sensor, a voltage sensor, a phase-sensitive converter, a division unit and a registration unit. In the event of a short circuit, the current sensor detects the current I ' ₁ , the voltage sensor detects the voltage U _{A of the} network, the phase-sensitive converter generates the value U _A sinφ ₁ , where φ ₁ is the phase angle between the current and voltage, the division unit performs the operation

and the registration unit captures the result of division X, the value of which judges the remoteness of the short circuit. Such a device is more accurate than the previous one, since with one-sided supply of the contact network, the resistance of the electric arc, which has almost only the active component, does not introduce an error into the result of division X. However, with two-way supply of the contact network, which is the main one, the electric arc affects the result of division X. In addition, this result is affected by the non-linear dependence of the resistance of the rails on the remoteness of the short circuit and the inductive effect of the current of the contact network of the adjacent path. For these reasons, the error in determining the distance to the short circuit by the value of X with two-way power can reach 2 km or more, which is also unacceptably large.

The known indicator of the location of the short circuit of the contact network / 8 /. On adjacent traction substations current sensors installed l _A, l _B and the voltage U _A, U _B. There is a registration unit, phase angle sensors φ _A , φ _B , resistors of substations X _pA , X _pB , linear resistance of the contact network Z _c and rail track Z _p , as well as the distance between substations 1, programmable multifunction converters for calculating the coefficients ν _A , ν _B , taking into account the shunt effect of the earth, four programmable multifunction converters and six functional converters.

второй программируемый многофункциональный преобразователь реализует вычислительный алгоритм сходного вида для определения параметра ψ_B.
Третий программируемый многофункциональный преобразователь реализует на первом входе вычислительный алгоритм в виде выражения:

а на втором выходе - в виде выражения:

Четвертый программируемый многофункциональный преобразователь формирует выходной сигнал, реализуя вычислительный алгоритм в виде выражения:

Первый и четвертый функциональные преобразователи реализуют известные вычислительные алгоритмы для определения коэффициентов ν_A и ν_B. Второй и пятый функциональные преобразователи реализуют соответственно вычислительные алгоритмы для определения параметров Z_тcA и Z_тсВ:

,

.The first programmable multifunction converter implements a computational algorithm in the form of an expression:

the second programmable multifunction converter implements a similar computational algorithm for determining the parameter ψ _B.
The third programmable multifunction converter implements at the first input a computational algorithm in the form of an expression:

and on the second output, in the form of an expression:

The fourth programmable multifunction converter generates an output signal, implementing a computational algorithm in the form of the expression:

The first and fourth functional converters implement well-known computational algorithms for determining the coefficients ν _A and ν _B. The second and fifth functional converters implement, respectively, computational algorithms for determining the parameters Z _TCA and Z _TCB :

,

.

Недостатками известного устройства /8/ являются:
использование в вычислительных алгоритмах значения токов плеч питания I_A и I_B;
необходимость получения информации о параметрах аварийного режима от смежной подстанции;
неприспособленность к изменению схемы питания межподстанционной зоны.The third and sixth functional converters respectively implement computational algorithms in the form of expressions:

The disadvantages of the known device / 8 / are:
use in the computational algorithms the values of the currents of the supply arms I _A and I _B ;
the need to obtain information on emergency mode parameters from an adjacent substation;
inability to change the power scheme of the inter-substation zone.

The first drawback is that, as you know, in the current of the supply arms there is not only the necessary component, due to the short circuit of the contact network, but also the components, caused by the load of the auxiliary needs of the substations and the load of the non-traction power supply lines of these traction substations (two wires - rails). The last two components, not related to the short circuit of the contact network, introduce an error in the calculation of the distance l _K short circuit.

 The second disadvantage determines the complexity of the device, since the known telemechanics system / 9 / does not transmit measurement information between adjacent substations. Such information from each substation is transmitted only to the energy control center. The organization of the exchange of measurement information between substations is generally technically feasible, but requires the use of additional telemechanics, which makes the device complicated. Currently, there is no such exchange of measurement information between substations. In the foreseeable future, the use of such additional funds for these reasons is also not planned.

 The third disadvantage is associated with the ability to change the power circuit using the switches QA1 .... QB2 (figure 1, a). If a short circuit occurs at point K, the contact network is switched off by switches QA1 and QПA 1 at its both ends. After that, the automatic reclosing device (AR) is activated, which turns on the contact network switch QA1 at only one end. If the damage is permanent, then this switch trips again. The measurement of the distance of a short circuit to obtain a reliable result should be carried out both before and after the reclosure. However, the power circuit of the contact network before and after the reclosure turns out to be different: before the reclosure, the power circuit is two-sided, and after the reclosure it is one-way. A similar situation occurs if the contact network of an adjacent path is operatively disconnected by switches QA2 and / or QPA2, for example, for repair. In all these cases, the power circuit of the contact network is different, while the pointer / 8 / is configured by the contactors of the specific parameters of the contact network to only one power circuit. Therefore, when changing the power circuit, the pointer / 8 / will produce inaccurate or incorrect results.

These disadvantages lead to a decrease in the accuracy of determining the distance l _K to the place of damage and the complexity of the device.

 The technical result of the invention is to increase the accuracy of determining the distance of damage and simplify the device.

 Improving accuracy is ensured by using other computational algorithms and taking into account the real power supply circuit of the inter-substation zone, as well as using information not about the current of the supply arm, but about the feeder current of the damaged contact network. Simplification is ensured by the fact that emergency mode parameters are measured only at one substation, and not at two.

а на втором выходе формирует выходной сигнал δ, реализуя вычислительный алгоритм в виде выражения:

второй программируемый многофункциональный преобразователь на первом выходе формирует выходной сигнал N, реализуя вычислительный алгоритм в виде выражения:

а на втором выходе формирует выходной сигнал α_N, реализуя вычислительный алгоритм в виде выражения:

третий программируемый многофункциональный преобразователь на первом выходе формирует выходной сигнал z_э, реализуя вычислительный алгоритм в виде выражения:

а на втором выходе формирует выходной сигнал α_э, реализуя вычислительный алгоритм в виде выражения:

четвертый программируемый многофункциональный преобразователь на выходе формирует выходной сигнал l_K, реализуя вычислительный алгоритм в виде выражения:

где U_A - измеренное напряжение на шинах первой подстанции;
I'₁ - измеренный ток фидера контактной сети;
φ₁ - измеренный фазовый угол между током I'₁ и напряжением U_A;

- заданные комплексные сопротивления соответственно первой и второй подстанций;

- заданное погонное индуктивно развязанное сопротивление контактной сети одного пути;

- заданное погонное индуктивно развязанное комплексное сопротивление взаимоиндукции между контактными сетями разных путей;

- заданное погонное индуктивно развязанное сопротивление рельсовой цепи;

- комплексные сопротивления результирующей схемы замещения контактной сети на участках соответственно от первой и второй подстанций до точки короткого замыкания, вычисляемые при каждом коротком замыкании и данной схеме питания по формулам, указанным, например, в приведенной в описании таблице;
ν_A,ν_B - вычисляемые по известным формулам коэффициенты, учитывающие снижение сопротивления рельсовой цепи на участках соответственно от первой подстанции до точки короткого замыкания и от точки короткого замыкания до второй подстанции за счет шунтирующего влияния земли;
n - число путей, по контактной сети которых протекает ток, зависящее от схемы питания;
l - заданное расстояние между первой и второй смежными подстанциями;
l₁ - заданное расстояние от первой подстанции до поста секционирования;
l_К - заданное расстояние от первой подстанции до места короткого замыкания.The technical result is achieved by the fact that the distance indicator of the short circuit of the AC contact network, comprising the current sensor I ′ _{1 of the} controlled contact network feeder installed on the first substation, the voltage sensor U _A , the phase angle sensor φ ₁ , the inductively decoupled resistor Z _{c, 1} one catenary path dial inductively decoupled resistance per unit length Z _p of the track circuit, dial distance l between adjacent substations setpoint impedances Z _{pA, pB} accordingly, the first Z and a second substation, the first and second programmable function generators, the first, second, third and fourth programmable multifunctional transducers and recording unit, wherein the current sensor output I _'1 is coupled to the first sensor input phase angle φ ₁ to a second input of which is connected the sensor output voltage U _A , is additionally equipped with a setpoint generator for linear inductively isolated resistance Z _{BC of} mutual induction between contact networks of different paths, a setter of distance l ₁ between the substation and the station sectioning, the first and second multipliers, the logic block for selecting the power supply circuit, the switch and the power supply circuit blocks according to the number of considered power supply circuits of the contact network in the area between the first and second substations, including each first, second, third and fourth programmable multifunction converters, and the output of the linear sensor Z _p is connected inductively decoupled resistance track circuit to the first inputs of the first and second multipliers, the second input of the first multiplier connected to the output of the first program uemogo functional converter and to the second input of the second multiplier connected to the output of the second programmable function converter, a first input of which is connected to the output setpoint distance l ₁ between the first substation and fasting sectioning, while the second input to the output setpoint distance 1 between the first and second substations outputs setter linear inductively decoupled resistance Z _{c, 1} contact network of one path, master set of inductively decoupled resistance z _{cc of} mutual induction, first and second smart ozhiteley, as well as setting devices resistances Z _pA, Z _nB, respectively, the first and second stations and the setpoint distance l between the first and second substations are connected respectively to the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh inputs of the first programmable multifunction converter in each of the blocks power circuits, the first and second outputs of which in each block of power circuits are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the second programmable multifunction converter, to the third the input of which is connected to the output of the distance regulator l ₁ between the first substation and the sectioning station, and the first and second outputs are connected respectively to the fourth and fifth inputs of the third programmable multifunction converter, the first input of which is connected to the output of the linear resistance generator z _{c, 1 of the} contact network, to the second input - output setpoint linear resistance z mutual _Bc, to the third input - the output of the first multiplier and the first and second outputs connected respectively to the fourth fifth inputs of the fourth programmable multifunction converter to a first input of which is connected a current sensor output I _'1, to a second input - the output of the sensor phase angle φ ₁ to a third input output Dutch voltage U _A, to the sixth and seventh inputs - respectively the first and second outputs the second programmable multifunction converter, to the eighth input is the second output of the first programmable multifunction converter, the output of each of which of all power supply units is connected to the corresponding mu input of the switch, to the control input of which is connected the logic block for selecting the power circuit, and the output is the registration unit, the input of the first programmable functional converter, the third input of the second programmable functional converter, as well as the eighth input of the first and fourth input of the second programmable multifunction converters, in each of power supply units, while the first programmable multifunction converter at the first output generates an output signal D, realizing the calculation tionary algorithm in the form of expression:

and at the second output generates an output signal δ, implementing a computational algorithm in the form of an expression:

the second programmable multifunction converter at the first output generates an output signal N, realizing a computational algorithm in the form of the expression:

and at the second output it generates the output signal α _N , realizing a computational algorithm in the form of the expression:

the third programmable multifunction converter at the first output generates an output signal z _e , implementing a computational algorithm in the form of the expression:

and at the second output generates an output signal α _e , implementing a computational algorithm in the form of an expression:

the fourth programmable multifunctional converter at the output generates an output signal l _K , implementing a computational algorithm in the form of the expression:

where U _A is the measured voltage on the tires of the first substation;
I ' ₁ - the measured current of the feeder contact network;
φ ₁ is the measured phase angle between the current I ' ₁ and the voltage U _A ;

- given complex resistances of the first and second substations, respectively;

- a given linear inductively decoupled resistance of the contact network of one path;

- a given linear inductively isolated complex resistance of mutual induction between contact networks of different paths;

- a given linear inductively decoupled resistance of the rail circuit;

- complex resistances of the resulting equivalent circuit of the contact network in sections, respectively, from the first and second substations to the short circuit point, calculated for each short circuit and this power supply circuit according to the formulas specified, for example, in the table given in the description;
ν _A , ν _B - coefficients calculated according to well-known formulas, taking into account the decrease in the resistance of the rail circuit in the sections, respectively, from the first substation to the short circuit point and from the short circuit point to the second substation due to the shunting effect of the earth;
n is the number of paths through the contact network of which current flows, depending on the power circuit;
l is the specified distance between the first and second adjacent substations;
l ₁ - the specified distance from the first substation to the sectioning station;
l _K - the specified distance from the first substation to the place of short circuit.

 The invention is illustrated by the diagrams shown in figure 1 and 2. Figure 2 shows the structural diagram of the device corresponding to the claims. The power circuit and its equivalent circuit shown in figure 1, are used to justify the health and the claimed purpose of the invention.

The structural diagram of the device (figure 2) contains installed on the first substation:
1 - current sensor I ' ₁ controlled feeder contact network;
2 - voltage sensor U _a on the substation tires;
3 - phase angle sensor φ ₁ between current I ' ₁ and voltage U _A ;
4 - setpoint linearly inductively decoupled resistance z _{c, 1} contact network of one path;
5 - setpoint linearly inductively decoupled resistance z _vs mutual induction between contact networks of different paths;
6 - setpoint linearly inductively decoupled resistance z _{p of the} rail circuit;
7 - adjuster of the distance l ₁ between the first substation and the sectioning station (figure 1);
8 - adjuster of the distance 1 between the first and second adjacent substations (l = l ₁ + l ₂ );
9, 10 - setpoint resistance Z _pA and Z _pB, respectively, of the first and second adjacent substations;
11, 12 - respectively, the first and second programmable functional converters for calculating the coefficients ν _A and ν _B ;
13, 14 - respectively, the first and second multipliers;
15 - power circuit block;
16, 17, 18, 19 - respectively, the first, second, third, fourth programmable multifunction converters;
20 is a logic block for selecting a power circuit;
21 - switch;
22 - block registration.

 Elements 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 16, 17, 18, 19, 22 are used in the prototype / 8 /. The remaining elements 5, 13, 14, 15, 20, 21 and the relationships between them are new. All elements are installed in the first substation. It is possible to install elements 20, 21, 22 at the energy control center, while the connection between element 19 and 21 is carried out using known telemechanics devices / 9 /.

 Elements 16, 17, 18, and 19 are an integral part of block 15. The device uses as many identical blocks 15 as many power circuits of the contact network can take place in the area between adjacent first and second substations. All blocks 15 have the same structure and set of elements and are connected in the same way with other elements not included in blocks 15.

 The outputs of the current sensors 1, phase angle 3 and voltage 2 are connected respectively to the first, second and third inputs of the fourth programmable multifunction converter 19 in each of the blocks 15. The outputs of the current sensors 1 and voltage 2 are also connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the phase angle sensor 3. The outputs of the contactors of the resistance of the contact network 4 and the resistance of the mutual induction 5 are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the first 16 and third 18 programmable multifunction converters lei in each of the blocks 15. The output of the resistance regulator of the rail circuit 6 is connected to the first inputs of the first 13 and second 14 multipliers, respectively, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the third and fourth inputs of the first programmable multifunction converter 16 in each of the blocks 15. The output of the first multiplier 13 except Moreover, it is connected to the third input of the third programmable multifunction converter 18 in each of the blocks 15. The outputs of the distance adjusters 7 and 8 are connected respectively to the first and second the moves of the programmable functional converter 12. The output of the distance adjuster 7 is also connected to the third input of the second programmable multifunction converter 17, and the output of the adjuster 8 is connected to the seventh input of the first programmable multifunction converter 16 in each of the blocks 15. substations 10 are connected respectively to the fifth and sixth inputs of the first programmable multifunction converter 16 in each of the units s 15.

 The first output of the first programmable multifunction converter 16 is connected to the first input of the second programmable multifunction converter 17, the second output of the first programmable multifunction converter 16 is connected to the second input of the second 17 and the eighth input of the fourth 19 programmable multifunction converters. The first and second outputs of the second programmable multifunction converter 17 are connected respectively to the fourth and fifth inputs of the third 18, as well as the sixth and seventh inputs of the fourth 19 programmable multifunction converters. The first and second outputs of the third programmable multifunction converter 18 are connected respectively to the fourth and fifth inputs of the fourth programmable multifunction converter 19.

 The output of the fourth programmable multifunction converter 19 of each of the blocks 15 is connected to the corresponding input of the switch 21, the control input of which is connected to the output of the logic block for selecting the power circuit 20. The output of the switch 21 is connected to the registration unit 22, and also (as feedback) with the input of the first programmable functional converter 11, with the third input of the second programmable functional converter 12, with the eighth input of the first programmable multifunction converter The indexer 16 (in each of the blocks 15) and with the fourth input of the second programmable multifunction converter 17 (in each of the blocks 15).

Current sensor 1 captures the value of the current I ' ₁ feeder contact network at the first substation. The voltage sensor 2 detects the voltage U _A on the buses of the same substation. The phase angle sensor detects the value of the phase angle φ ₁ between the current I ′ ₁ and the voltage U _A.

In the settings 4, 5 and 6, the output signal level is set proportional to the values of the linear inductively decoupled resistance of the contact network z _{c, 1} , the linear inductively decoupled resistance z _{BC of} mutual induction between the contact networks of different paths and the linear inductively decoupled resistance z _{p of} the multi-track rail circuit. In the controllers 7 and 8, the output signal level is set, which is proportional to the distance l ₁ from the first substation to the sectioning station and the distance 1 between the first and second adjacent substations, respectively. In the settings 9 and 10, the output signal level is set proportional to the resistances Z _pA and Z _pB, respectively, of the first and second substations.

где m - известная величина, зависящая от сопротивления контура рельсы - земля и высоты подвешивания контактной сети;
γ - известный коэффициент распространения рельсового пути.The first programmable functional converter 11, as in the prototype, forms a relationship between the short circuit distance l _K and the coefficient ν _A , which takes into account the decrease in rail resistance due to the shunting effect of the earth in the area from the first substation to the short circuit point. Based on / 5 /, such a programmable functional converter can implement an algorithm (or non-linear dependence on distance L) of the form:

where m is the known value, depending on the resistance of the rail circuit - ground and the height of the suspension of the contact network;
γ is the known coefficient of distribution of the rail track.

For L = l _K, they obtain ν = ν _A , for L = l ₁ + l ₂ -l _k = ll _k they obtain ν = ν _B ,
where l ₂ is the specified distance from the second substation to the sectioning station.

и

.The second programmable functional converter 12 forms a relationship between the short circuit distance l _K and the coefficient ν _B , which takes into account the decrease in rail resistance due to the shunting effect of the earth in the area from the short circuit point K to the second substation B. Its output signal is obtained based on the implementation of the computational algorithm ( 8) for L = ll _K. At the output of the multipliers 13 and 14, the output signals are obtained in the form of expressions, respectively

and

.

а на втором выходе выходной сигнал δ является результатом вычислительного алгоритма в виде математического выражения:

где Z_тcA, Z_тcВ - результирующие сопротивления ветвей схемы замещения тяговой сети, имеющие известную зависимость от схемы питания, погонного сопротивления контактной сети и рельсов, от расстояний l_K, l₁ и l в соответствии с формулами, указанными в приведенной выше таблице и в /6, 7/.The first programmable multifunction converter 16 has two outputs. On the first of them, the output signal D is the result of the implementation of a computational algorithm in the form of a mathematical expression:

and at the second output, the output signal δ is the result of a computational algorithm in the form of a mathematical expression:

where Z _tcA , Z _tcV are the resulting resistance of the branches of the _equivalent circuit of the traction network, having a known dependence on the power supply circuit, linear resistance of the contact network and rails, on the distances l _K , l ₁ and l in accordance with the formulas indicated in the table above and in / 6, 7 /.

The first programmable multifunction converter in each of the blocks 15 implements the calculation of the values of Z _TCA and Z _TCB only for one of the number of possible power circuits, but provided that different blocks 15 implement calculations for different power circuits.

а на втором выходе выходной сигнал α_N является результатом вычислительного алгоритма в виде математического выражения:

где n - число путей, по контактной сети которых на участке от первой подстанции до поста секционирования протекает ток, зависящее от схемы питания.The second programmable multifunction converter 17 has two outputs. On the first of them, the output signal N is the result of the implementation of a computational algorithm in the form of a mathematical expression:

and at the second output, the output signal α _N is the result of a computational algorithm in the form of a mathematical expression:

where n is the number of paths along the contact network of which a current depending on the power supply flows in the area from the first substation to the sectioning station.

 In each of the blocks 15, a second programmable multifunction converter implements computational algorithms for the same power circuit as the first programmable multifunction converter.

а на втором выходе выходной сигнал α_э является результатом вычислительного алгоритма в виде математического выражения:

Третий программируемый многофункциональный преобразователь в каждом из блоков 15 реализует вычислительные алгоритмы для той же схемы питания, что первый и второй программируемые многофункциональные преобразователи.The third programmable multifunction converter 18 has two outputs. On the first of them, the output signal z _e is the result of the implementation of a computational algorithm in the form of a mathematical expression:

and at the second output, the output signal α _e is the result of a computational algorithm in the form of a mathematical expression:

The third programmable multifunction converter in each of the blocks 15 implements computational algorithms for the same power circuit as the first and second programmable multifunction converters.

Величина l_К характеризует удаленность (расстояние) от первой подстанции до места короткого замыкания для заданного для каждого из блоков 15 варианта учитываемых схем питания.The fourth programmable multifunction converter 19 implements a computational algorithm in the form of a mathematical expression:

The value of l _K characterizes the distance (distance) from the first substation to the place of a short circuit for a given option for each of the blocks 15 of the considered power circuits.

 The power circuit of the contact network in the zone between the first and second substations depends on which switches in this zone are in the on or off state.

Information on the on and off switches according to the existing telemechanics system / 9 / enters the logical unit 20, which controls the switch 21. At a given position of the switches (i.e., with a given power supply circuit), the logical unit 20 gives a certain command, according to which the switch connected to that of the blocks 15, which corresponds to a given power circuit. Therefore, at the output of the switch 21, the signal value l _K appears that corresponds to the power circuit available during a short circuit. This signal is fixed in the registration unit 22.

The value of l _K determines the value of the coefficients ν _A , ν _B , as well as the value of the signals D, δ, N and α _N. In order for the registration unit 22 to fix the true value of remoteness l _K , taking into account the actual values of ν _A , ν _B , D, δ, N, α _N corresponding to this particular remoteness, elements 11, 12, 16 and 17 are included in the feedback circuit communication switch 21.

 The current sensors 1 and voltage 2 are performed in a known manner based on, for example, measuring transformers, respectively, current TA and voltage TV (see figure 1, a).

 The phase angle sensor 3 is performed (as in the prototype) in a known manner based on digital or analog phase meters. The remaining elements of the structural diagram are performed as in the prototype based on digital components or an analog of digital technology.

The setting elements 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 stores information on constant parameters and traction network substations z _{c, 1,} z _Sun, z _p, l _1, l, Z _pA, Z _pB. They are performed, as in the prototype, in a known manner in the form, for example, of potentiometers or voltage sources, as well as in the form of digital technology encoders. The logical unit 20 stores information about the state of the switches QA1, QA2, QPA1, QPA2, QPB1, QPB2, QB1, QB2 (see Fig. 1, a) in the zone between the first and second adjacent substations (turned on or off), i.e. . about the power circuit of the contact network. Such information is not discrete, but logical discrete, and it enters the logical unit from the energy control center using the well-known telemechanics system / 9 /.

If a short circuit occurs in the contact network, the current sensor 1, voltage sensor 2 and phase angle sensor 3 fix the emergency mode parameters at the first substation, respectively: the feeder current of the damaged contact network I ' ₁ , the voltage on the substation buses U _A and the phase angle between these values φ ₁ . Signals that carry information about the constant parameters of the traction network, emergency mode parameters and the power supply circuit of the contact network are fed to the corresponding inputs of the functional converters and to the programmable multifunction converters of the device blocks, which determine the distance according to the given algorithms (1) - (7) and (8) short circuit l _to .

Justification of algorithms and technical result
The justification for the operability and accuracy of the invention is based on the well-known inductively decoupled equivalent circuit of the traction network of an electrified railway / 5, 6 / and its parameters / 6, 7 /, as well as the use of well-known laws of electrical engineering and calculation formulas for the indicated equivalent circuit / 5, 6, 7 /. Figure 1, a shows for example a power circuit of a double-track section from substations A and B, having a PS sectioning station. The distance between substations l = l ₁ + l ₂ . A short circuit is located at point K at a distance l _K from the first substation A. The power supply circuit with all QA1 circuit breakers turned on. . . QB2 is called nodal. Switching off one or another switch changes the power supply circuit and the resulting resistance of the equivalent circuit of the traction network.

The above power supply circuit corresponds to the inductively isolated equivalent circuit shown in FIG. 1, b / 5, 6, 7 /. In the equivalent circuit, the notation
U _{A, xx} , U _{B, xx} are the open circuit voltages of substations A and B, respectively;
U _A , U _B - voltage on the buses of substations A and B, respectively;
I _A , I _B - currents of the supply arms, respectively, of substations A and B, related to one phase (one inter-substation zone);
I ' ₁ is the feeder current of the damaged (controlled) contact network of one path on the section l _to ;
I '' ₁ is the current of the damaged contact network of the same path in the area l ₁ -l _K ;
I _1q is the total feeder current of the intact contact network of other paths in the area l ₁ from substation A to the station for the sectioning of substations;
I _K is the current at the point of short circuit K;
Z ' ₁ , Z'' ₂ - inductively decoupled resistance of the damaged contact network of one path in the sections, respectively, l _K and l ₁ -l _K ;
Z _1q is the inductively decoupled resistance of the intact contact network of other paths in the area l ₁ ;
Z ' _{BC, 1} , Z'' _{BC, 1} - inductively decoupled interconnection resistance, taking into account the mutual inductive coupling of the contact network of different paths, respectively, in sections l _K and l ₁ -l _K ;
Z ₂ - the resulting inductively decoupled resistance of the contact network of all paths on the site I ₂ ;
Z _pA , Z _pB - resistances of substations A and B, respectively;
Z _pA , Z _pB - inductively isolated resistance of the rail circuit along the length, respectively, l _K and l ₁ + l ₂ -l _K = ll _k ;
R _D - resistance of an electric arc or transitional in the place of a short circuit.

где Z_c,1- погонное индуктивно развязанное сопротивление контактной сети одного пути на длине 1 км;
Z_BC - погонное индуктивно развязанное сопротивление взаимосвязи на длине 1 км, учитывающее взаимную индуктивную связь контактной сети фазных путей, зависящее от числа путей с контактной сетью;
Z_p- погонное индуктивно развязанное сопротивление рельсов всех путей на длине 1 км;
n - число электрифицированных путей, по контактной сети которых протекает ток короткого замыкания.In accordance with / 5,6,7 / we have:

where Z _{c, 1} - linear inductively decoupled resistance of the contact network of one path over a length of 1 km;
Z _BC - linear inductively decoupled interconnection resistance over a length of 1 km, taking into account the mutual inductive coupling of the contact network of phase paths, depending on the number of paths with the contact network;
Z _p - linear inductively decoupled resistance of rails of all tracks over a length of 1 km;
n is the number of electrified paths through the contact network of which a short circuit current flows.

 The equivalent circuit shown in figure 1, b, in the General case, can be attributed to a multi-track section, with the number of paths more than two / 5, 6, 7 /, for example m-way section. A contact network is suspended above the rail tracks, and each contact path has its own contact network isolated from the contact network of other tracks. Rail tracks are indicated by numbers: first track, second track,. . ., m-th way. Accordingly, contact networks of different paths are called: contact network of the first path, contact network of the second path, etc. Moreover, the number of tracks equipped with a contact network may not coincide with the total number of rail tracks of a given section of the railway. Some rail tracks may be non-electrified, i.e. not having their contact network. In the general case, the number of paths with a contact network is denoted by n. Formulas (9) relate to the general case when the m-way section of the railway has n electrified paths.

 Each of the switches at substations A and B (QA1, QA2, QB1, QB2) is equipped with its own short circuit remoteness indicator. The rationale for the operation of the pointer is provided that it is installed on the switch QA1 of substation A. The justification for the pointers on other switches is similar.

Подставляя сюда выражения (9) и решая полученное уравнение относительно l_К, получаем:

Выражение (11) однозначно определяет удаленность l_К от параметров аварийного режима. В то же время непосредственное использование этой формулы невозможно, поскольку данное устройство не получает информации о величине токов I_A и I_К и их фазовых углов, а также о сопротивлении дуги R_Д в месте повреждения.Based on the 2nd Kirchhoff law for the equivalent circuit shown in Fig. 1, b, we have:

Substituting expressions (9) here and solving the obtained equation with respect to l _K , we obtain:

Expression (11) uniquely determines the distance l _K from the emergency mode parameters. At the same time, the direct use of this formula is impossible, since this device does not receive information about the magnitude of the currents I _A and I _K and their phase angles, as well as about the arc resistance R _D at the site of damage.

На основании 1-го закона Кирхгофа и с учетом (12) получаем:

Формулы для вычисления токов I_A и I_B приведены в /6, 7/. На их основании следует, что при равенстве напряжений холостого хода подстанций А и В (U_A,xx= U_B,xx) имеет место соотношение

где Z_A и Z_B - результирующие сопротивления индуктивно развязанной схемы замещения тяговой сети. В свою очередь эти сопротивления равны

где Z_тcA, Z_тcB - результирующие сопротивления ветвей индуктивно развязанной схемы замещения (фиг.1,б) за вычетом сопротивления трансформаторов. Значения сопротивлений подстанций Z_пA и Z_пB заданы задатчиками 9 и 10.For the circuit shown in Fig.1.6, on the basis of / 6, 7 / we have:

Based on the 1st Kirchhoff law and taking into account (12) we obtain:

Formulas for calculating the currents I _A and I _B are given in / 6, 7 /. Based on them, it follows that when the open circuit voltages of substations A and B are equal (U _{A, xx} = U _{B, xx} ), the relation

where Z _A and Z _B are the resulting resistances of the inductively decoupled equivalent circuit of the traction network. In turn, these resistances are equal

where Z _TCA , Z _TCB - the resulting resistance of the branches of the inductively decoupled _equivalent circuit (Fig.1, b) minus the resistance of the transformers. The values of the resistances of substations Z _pA and Z _{pB are} set by _switches 9 and 10.

Formulas for calculating the values of Z _TCA and Z _TCB for different power circuits are known and are available in the table above and in / 6, 7 /.

где D, δ - модуль и аргумент комплексной величины

N,α_N - модуль и аргумент комплексной величины

Вычисление модулей и аргументов (фазовых углов) комплексных величин осуществляется известными в математике методами.Considering the indicated relationship between the currents I _a , I _b and the resulting resistances Z _a , Z _b inductively decoupled equivalent circuit, we obtain instead of (13):

where D, δ is the modulus and argument of the complex quantity

N, α _N - modulus and argument of a complex quantity

The calculation of modules and arguments (phase angles) of complex quantities is carried out by methods known in mathematics.

где U_A - модуль напряжения на шинах подстанции А;
I_A, I'₁, I_К - модули соответствующих комплексных значений токов;
ψ - фазовый угол напряжения U_A относительно вектора

φ_A - фазовый угол между векторами напряжения

и тока

φ₁ - фазовый угол между векторами напряжения

и тока

ψ_K - фазовый угол между векторами напряжения

и тока

.The phase angles of voltage U _A and all currents will be counted from one axis, as which we take the direction of the open circuit voltage vector U _{A, xx} , i.e.:

where U _A is the voltage module on the substation A buses;
I _A , I ' ₁ , I _K - modules of the corresponding complex values of currents;
ψ - phase angle of voltage U _A relative to the vector

φ _A is the phase angle between the voltage vectors

and current

φ ₁ - phase angle between the voltage vectors

and current

ψ _K is the phase angle between the stress vectors

and current

.

из которой следует:

Подставив выражение (14) в (11), получим:

где z_э определяется формулой:

в которой

что совпадает соответственно с формулами (6) и (7).Given the expression (17), we write the formula (14) in the form:

from which it follows:

Substituting expression (14) into (11), we obtain:

where z _e is determined by the formula:

wherein

which coincides with formulas (6) and (7), respectively.

Используя формулу Эйлера, получим вместо (21) выражение, записанное в тригонометрической форме:

Поскольку расстояние l_К по определению вещественно, т.е. не имеет мнимой части, то слагаемое выражения (22) с множителем j равно нулю.Using expressions (17) and (20), we obtain instead of (19):

Using the Euler formula, instead of (21) we get an expression written in trigonometric form:

Since the distance l _K is real by definition, i.e. does not have an imaginary part, then the term of expression (22) with the factor j is equal to zero.

При вещественном l_К из (22) следует так же:
U_Asin(φ_A-α_э)-I_KR_Дsin(ψ_A+φ_A-α_э-ψ_K) = 0.
Отсюда находим:

Подставив выражение (24) в (23), получаем после тригонометрических преобразований:

Ток

в месте короткого замыкания равен сумме токов

поэтому можно записать с учетом выражений (16) и (17):

Из этого выражения следует:
ψ_K = ψ_A+φ_A-δ. (26)
Подставив выражения (18) и (26) в (25) получаем окончательно:

что соответствует формуле (7).Consequently:

For a real l _K, it follows from (22) as well:
U _A sin (φ _A -α _e ) -I _K R _Д sin (ψ _A + φ _A -α _e -ψ _K ) = 0.
From here we find:

Substituting expression (24) into (23), we obtain after trigonometric transformations:

Current

in the place of a short circuit is equal to the sum of the currents

therefore, it can be written taking into account expressions (16) and (17):

From this expression follows:
ψ _K = ψ _A + φ _A -δ. (26)
Substituting expressions (18) and (26) in (25) we finally obtain:

which corresponds to formula (7).

Thus proved the feasibility of the invention. Achievable technical result (advantages compared to the prototype) is as follows:
there is no need for a second current sensor at the first substation, which measures the total current of the supply arm;
there is no need to obtain (via telemetry channels) information on emergency mode parameters measured at the second (adjacent) substation;
the correct measurement of the distance of a short circuit when changing the power circuit of the contact network is provided.

This simplifies the device and improves the accuracy of determining the distance of a short circuit l _To .

Sources of information
1. A.S. USSR 161410, class G 01 r; 21 e, 29/10; B 61 m; 20 k, 20. Device for determining the location of a short circuit in the contact network of railways of alternating current / Figurnov EP, Samsonov Yu. Ya. (USSR) N 787278 / 24-7; Claim 07/16/62. Publ. 03/19/64. Bull. N 7.

 2. Figurnov E. P. Protection of electric traction AC networks from short circuits. M .: Transport, 1979.

 3. A.S. USSR 158328, class H 02 D; 21 C, 68/50. Device for determining the location of a short circuit in the contact network. / Figurnov E.P. (USSR) -N 798020 / 24-7; Claim 8.10.62. Publ. 10/19/63. Bull. N 21.4.

 4. Patent RU 2160193, cl. 7 V 60 M 1/00. Short circuit remoteness indicator in an alternating current traction network./ Bykadorov A. L., Zharkov Yu. I., Petrov P.I., Figurnov E.P. (RU). N 98110434/28; Claim 06/01/1998. Publ. 12/10/2000. Bull. N 34.

 5. Figurnov EP Resistance of electric traction network of single-phase alternating current. Electricity, 1997, N 5, pp. 23-29.

 6. Figurnov EP, Petrova T.E. Relay protection of power supply systems. Calculations of protection against short circuits and overload. Part 2. 27.5 kV traction AC networks. Textbook for high schools. transp. Height. state un-t of communication lines. Rostov n / a, 1998.S. 90.

 7. Guidance on the relay protection of traction power supply systems. Ministry of Railways of the Russian Federation. -M .: Transport, 1999.S. 96.

 8. Patent RU 2153426, cl. 7 V 60 M 1/00. The indicator of the location of the short circuit of the contact network. / Figurnov E.P., Petrov I.P., Zharkov Yu. I., Bykadorov A. L. (RU) N 98110435/28; Claim 06/01/1998. Publ. 07/27/2000. Bull. N 21.

 9. The system of telemechanics "Lisna" for electrified railways. / Bakeev E.E., Korsakov G.M., Ovlasyuk V. Ya., Sukhoprudsky N.D. Ed. Sukhoprudsky N. D. M .: Transport, 1979. p. 215.

Claims (2)

1. The method for determining the distance of a short circuit in a contact AC network according to the emergency mode parameters by measuring the voltage U _A , the feeder current I ' ₁ on the busbars of the substation A of the damaged contact network and the phase angle φ ₁ between them, characterized in that they are set by the initial distance value l _K to the short circuit location and the method of successive approximations determine the distance l _K short circuit as a result of a systematic calculation for a given power supply circuit of the substation zone according to well-known formulas the values of the coefficients ν _A and ν _B , taking into account the decrease in the resistance of the rail circuit in areas from adjacent substations A and B, respectively, to the point of short circuit due to the shunting effect of the earth, and functions

Where

- given complex resistances of adjacent substations A and B;

- complex resistances of the resulting equivalent circuit of the contact network in the sections, respectively, from substation A and from substation B to the short circuit point, calculated with this power supply circuit according to the formulas specified, for example, in the table given in the description;
l ₁ - the specified distance from substation A to the sectioning station;
n is the number of paths along the contact network of which a current depending on the power supply flows in the area from substation A to the sectioning station;

- the specified inductively decoupled complex resistance of 1 km of the contact network of one path;

- the specified inductively decoupled complex resistance of 1 km of the rail circuit of all paths;

- a given inductively decoupled complex resistance of 1 km, taking into account the mutual inductive coupling of contact networks of different paths and equal to zero on a single-track section or when the contact network of adjacent paths is disconnected on a multi-track section. 2. Short circuit remoteness indicator in the AC contact network, comprising the contact network feeder current sensor installed on the first substation, the voltage sensor, the phase angle sensor, the inductively decoupled contact resistance of the one-way contact network, the inductively decoupled track resistance of the rail circuit, the distance adjuster between the first and second adjacent substations, the resistance dial of the first and second substations, respectively, the first and second programmable functions ln converters, the first, second, third and fourth programmable multifunction converters and a registration unit, while the output of the current sensor is connected to the first input of the phase angle sensor, the second input of which is connected to the output of the voltage sensor, characterized in that the pointer is additionally equipped with a linear inductance decoupler resistance of mutual induction between contact networks of different paths, distance adjuster between the first substation and the sectioning station, multiply the first and second to consumers, a logic block for selecting a power supply circuit, a switch and power supply circuit units according to the number of considered power supply circuits of the contact network in the area between the first and second substations, including each first, second, third and fourth programmable multifunction converters, and the output of the setpoint generator for inductively decoupled rail circuit resistance connected to the first inputs of the first and second multipliers, the output of the first programmable functional converter is connected to the second input of the first multiplier, and the output of the second programmable functional converter is connected to the second input of the second multiplier, the first input of which is connected to the output of the distance adjuster between the first substation and the sectioning station, and the second input is connected to the output of the distance adjuster between the substations, the outputs of the linear inductively decoupled contact resistance of the contact network of one path, inductively decoupled linear inductance of mutual induction, the first and second multipliers, as well as resistance adjusters However, the first and second substations and the master of the distance between the substations are connected respectively to the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh inputs of the first programmable multifunction converter in each of the power supply units, the first and second outputs of which in each power supply unit are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the second programmable multifunction converter, the third input of which is connected to the output of the distance adjuster between the first substation and sectioning station, and the first and second outputs are connected respectively to the fourth and fifth inputs of the third programmable multifunction converter, the first input of which is connected to the output of the linear resistance of the contact network, to the second input is the output of the linear resistance of the mutual induction, to the third input is the output of the first multiplier, and the first and second outputs are connected respectively to the fourth and fifth inputs of the fourth programmable multifunction converter to the second input of which the output of the current sensor is connected, to the second input is the output of the phase angle sensor, to the third input is the output of the voltage sensor, to the sixth and seventh inputs are the first and second outputs of the second programmable multifunction converter, respectively, to the eighth input is the second output of the first programmable multifunction a converter, the output of each of which of all power supply circuit blocks is connected to the corresponding input of the switch, to the control input of which a power supply circuit selection logic unit is connected and to the output - the registration unit, the input of the first programmable functional converter, the third input of the second programmable functional converter, as well as the eighth input of the first and fourth input of the second programmable multifunction converters in each of the power supply units, while the first programmable multifunction converter at the first output generates an output signal D, implementing a computational algorithm in the form of an expression

and at the second output generates an output signal δ, implementing a computational algorithm in the form of an expression

the second programmable multifunction converter at the first output generates an output signal N, realizing a computational algorithm in the form of the expression:

and at the second output generates the output signal α _N , implementing a computational algorithm in the form of an expression

the third programmable multifunction converter at the first output generates the output signal Z _e , implementing the algorithm in the form of an expression

and at the second output generates an output signal α _e , implementing a computational algorithm in the form of an expression

the fourth programmable multifunctional converter at the output generates an output signal l _K , implementing a computational algorithm in the form of an expression

where U _A is the measured voltage on the tires of the first substation;
I ' ₁ - the measured current of the feeder contact network;
φ _{1 /} is the measured phase angle between the current I ' ₁ and the voltage U _A ;

- given complex resistances of the first and second substations, respectively;

- a given linear inductively isolated complex resistance of the contact network of one path;

- a given linear inductively isolated complex resistance of mutual induction between contact networks of different paths;

- a given linear inductive isolated complex resistance of the rail circuit;
Z _tsA , Z _tsV are the complex resistances of the resulting _equivalent circuit of the contact network in the sections, respectively, from the first and second substations to the short circuit point, calculated with this power supply according to the formulas specified, for example, in the table given in the description;
ν _A , ν _B - coefficients that take into account the decrease in the resistance of the rail circuit in the sections, respectively, from the first and second substations to the point of short circuit due to the shunting effect of the earth, calculated by known formulas;
n is the number of paths through the contact network of which current flows, depending on the power circuit;
l is the distance between the first and second adjacent substations;
l ₁ - the distance from the first substation to the sectioning station;
l _K is the distance from the first substation to the place of short circuit.

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