RU2189001C2 - Bullet for non-killing weapon - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ammunition, applicable in manufacture of weapon of a new type called "non-killing" weapon. SUBSTANCE: the bullet has a ball-shaped envelope and a metal slug. The slug is made in the form of a set of metal bodies divided by the envelope material and positioned eccentrically. The envelope may be made of foamed material and have cavities with gas. In addition, the bullet may have at least one cavity filled with poisonous matter of non-lethal action, or with indelible paint and connected to the envelope outer surface at least through one microchannel or one microcrack. EFFECT: enhanced close grouping of shots. 6 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of ammunition and can be used in the manufacture of a new type of weapon called non-lethal.

 Non-lethal weapons are usually weapons that, when exposed to the possibility of causing grievous bodily harm and loss of life of the opposing (opposing) side, are minimized.

 Non-lethal weapons can be used both by the armed forces (mainly peacekeeping contingents) in resolving low-intensity conflicts, and by law enforcement forces (police, police, security services) for use against organizers of mass riots or demonstrators using violence and acts of vandalism. This weapon can also be used for self-defense. The impact of such weapons on a person puts him out of order for a certain time, violates his normal state and forces him to refuse to continue active illegal actions.

 Widespread rifle systems of non-lethal weapons use rubber and wooden bullets, grenades and spray cans with tear gas, noise and blinding grenades.

 A bullet for a non-lethal weapon should have limited energy and a sufficiently low stiffness after firing so that if it hits a person it does not cause serious (or even fatal) damage. At the same time, this energy should not be too low to provide a range and accuracy that are satisfactory for practical purposes.

 Known bullet for non-lethal pneumatic weapons (police bullet) containing a shell, a core of soft material and an air cavity to exclude unacceptable injury to a person when this bullet enters it (Patent RF 2134401, CL F 42 V 12/74, published. 1999) . With a certain force of a bullet hitting a target that exceeds a predetermined target, the shell of the bullet is destroyed, the core is flattened into the target’s body without piercing it, thereby reducing the risk of unacceptable damage to the target.

 Known bullet traumatic action, the internal cavity of which is filled with a non-fatal poisoning agent (RU 2095742 C1, IPC 7 F 42 B 30/02, 10.11.1997).

 It is also known that the shell of the bullet is made of gelatin (US 5936190, IPC 7 F 42 B 12/40, 08/10/1999).

 Known bullets containing a coloring or adhesive (GB 2284252, IPC 7 F 42 12/40, 05/31/1995).

 Usually, pyrotechnic throwing substances are used to shoot a bullet from non-lethal weapons, which, with limited energy of the shot (muzzle energy of not more than 270 J) and the use in bulk production of the volumetric dosage method of pyrotechnic substance with ammunition equipment, do not allow automatic (self-loading) firing due to unreliable operation of automatic reloading weapons. In addition, most pyrotechnic propellants very often, due to unreliable dosage, cause damage to non-fatal ammunition even in the gun barrel at the time of the shot.

 For the above reasons, the use of pneumatic non-lethal weapons, in which the propellant is compressed gas, is much more promising in terms of the possibility of automatic firing, improving the characteristics of a dynamic strike against a target and increasing the reliability of ammunition for non-lethal weapons.

 The closest analogue to the claimed invention is a bullet for non-lethal pneumatic weapons containing a shell with a spherical shape and a metal core (WO 00/25084 A1, IPC 7 F 42 B 12/36, 05/04/2000). A disadvantage of the known bullet is that its design does not provide satisfactory accuracy when firing.

 The technical result achieved by the implementation of the present invention is to ensure the same orientation of the spherical bullets upon departure from the barrel of airguns and to reduce the angular velocity of the ball spin upon exiting the barrel and thereby improve the accuracy of fire.

 The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the pool for pneumatic non-lethal weapons containing a shell with a spherical shape and a metal core, according to the invention, the center of gravity of the bullet is eccentric, and the core is made in the form of a set of metal bodies separated by a shell material. In special cases, the shell can be made of rubber, foam. The bullet may contain at least one cavity filled with hard-to-wash paint and connected to the outer surface of the shell by at least one microchannel or one microcrack. The bullet may further comprise at least one cavity filled with gas. In the pool, at least one cavity can also be filled with a non-lethal poison and connected to the outer surface of the shell by at least one microchannel or one microcrack. The outer diameter of the bullet shell is equal to the caliber of the paintball gun.

 The invention is illustrated by examples of possible embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawing.

 In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a spherical bullet for a non-lethal weapon; the spherical shape of the bullet allows for easy reloading of weapons and conducting semi-automatic and automatic firing from it. The equality of the outer diameter of a bullet to the caliber of a paintball gun (marker) allows the use of a well-developed pneumatic paintball gun for throwing a bullet for game and training purposes. In this case, it is possible to carry out effective rifle training for law enforcement officers using conventional paintball balls, and during special operations the same shot paintball gun will be loaded with the proposed bullets for non-lethal weapons.

 The drawing shows a bullet for the proposed technical solution. The bullet contains a shell of a spherical shape (1) and a metal core made in the form of a set of metal bodies, for example lead pellets (2), separated by a shell material. The material of the shell of the bullet can be rubber, thermoplastic, foam.

 The proposed bullet for non-lethal weapons with its diameter equal to 17.3 mm allows using standard paintball weapons for firing such bullets using all its advantages, in particular the ability to conduct semi-automatic and automatic shooting. Since the speed of departure of a ball from a standard paintball gun is mainly limited to 90 m / s, and accordingly the muzzle energy of a purely rubber ball does not exceed 24 J, to apply a dynamic blow to a protected clothing of a target, it is necessary to double as much as the mass of a rubber ball and the corresponding muzzle energy. This increase is achieved using high density core material. The rubber shell allows an elastic impact on the target with a rebound, as a result of which the shock immobilizing impulse transmitted to the target is almost doubled compared to a conventional inelastic impact.

 The resulting muzzle energy of 48-50 J is significantly less than the maximum permissible muzzle energy of 270 J, which corresponds to inflicting light bodily injuries, but is sufficient to stop the attacker's advancement. Impact immobilizing impulse is achieved through the implementation of automatic or semi-automatic firing of ball bullets.

 The implementation of the core from materials of different densities allows you to create a number of types of bullets for firing paintball weapons that have adjustable muzzle energy of shells - light ammunition is designed to strike at unprotected targets (for example, people lightly dressed in the summer), and heavy ones to stop, for example attackers protected by helmets and protective suits. The use of a lead core in the form of a fraction makes it possible to reduce the speed of propagation of a shock wave in the target’s body and to reduce the risk of serious damage to human bones compared to a whole lead core.

 The use of a foam rubber shell or the presence of air cavities in the shell reduces the surface rigidity of the shell of the shell, changes the nature of the shock wave in the target’s body and reduces the risk of damage to human bones, especially when shooting at an unprotected target and firing with rubber balls - weighted due to the core.

 The use of a ball rubber bullet with a displaced center of gravity makes it possible to reduce the ball spin in the barrel of a smoothbore pneumatic weapon and thereby reduce the lateral aerodynamic force caused by the Magnus effect that destabilizes the flight of the ball. Deviations of the hit point of the aiming ball can decrease by more than half at a range of 30–40 m.

 The presence of at least one of the cavities of the bullet of hard-to-wash paint 3, for example, oil, allows, along with the kinetic effect on the attacker, "mark" it with paint for the purpose of subsequent identification, which also has a certain psychological, preventive effect.

 In the same way, the presence of non-lethal action in at least one of the OM cavities provides the simultaneous kinetic and chemical effects of the bullet on the target.

 During the shot, the ball bullet for non-lethal weapons from the feeder-drive falls under the influence of gravity into the barrel of the paintball gun, is sent forward to the barrel by a bolt and then accelerates in the barrel with a portion of compressed gas with acceleration. Further, the bullet through the air overcomes 40-50 m to the target.

 When a rubber bullet hits a target, it has a kinetic effect on the target, which can be increased by hitting a series of bullets at the target during semi-automatic or automatic shooting.

 Upon hitting the target with a rubber bullet containing a cavity with paint or OV, the pressure inside the cavity with paint or OV of non-lethal action increases many times, and these substances act through the microchannels or microcracks 4 on the target in accordance with their purpose.

Claims (6)

 1. A bullet for pneumatic non-lethal weapons, containing a shell with a spherical shape and a metal core, characterized in that the center of gravity of the bullet is eccentric, and the core is made in the form of a set of metal bodies separated by a shell material.  2. The bullet according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer diameter of the shell is equal to the caliber of the paintball weapon.  3. The bullet according to any one of paragraphs. 1-2, characterized in that the shell is made of rubber.  4. The bullet according to any one of paragraphs. 1-2, characterized in that the shell is made of foam material.  5. The bullet according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that it contains at least one cavity filled with hard-to-wash paint and connected to the outer surface of the shell by at least one microchannel or one microcrack.  6. The bullet according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that it contains at least one cavity filled with a non-fatal poisoning agent and connected to the outer surface of the shell by at least one microchannel or one microcrack.