RU218733U1 - Device for aerosol treatment of honey bees from varroosis - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to equipment used in veterinary medicine for medical treatment of honey bees (Apis mellifera), in particular to devices for the treatment of varroosis (Varroosis). A device for aerosol treatment of bees from varroosis (varroosis) includes a composite housing of rectangular cross section with a grid located inside the latter, the lower part of the housing is equipped with a valve for cleaning from ticks, and an aerosol sprayer is installed on the upper part of the housing, and the upper and lower parts of the housing are connected by tension clamps , while the side walls of the body are provided with handles for carrying the device, the aerosol dispenser is connected to a channel for moving bees, made in the form of a half-cylinder, in the diametrical horizontal plane of which a grid is installed, and the inlet end of the half-cylinder is provided with a window for launching bees, and in the lower part of the body under a tray for collecting ticks (Varroa destructor) is installed with a grid, the rear side wall is equipped with an opening for removing the latter, which is equipped with a door. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to equipment used in veterinary medicine for medical treatment of honey bees (Apis mellifera), in particular to devices for the treatment of varroosis (Varroosis).

Varroosis is a particularly dangerous, severe disease of honey bees caused by the Varroa destructor mite (Varroa destructor) (Maslennikova V. I. Diseases and pests of bees: textbook / Maslennikova V. I. - Moscow: Rosentomofauna, 2020. - 301 p.).

To date, both the treatment of honey bees from varroa mites in special treatment chambers for thermal and aerosol treatment, and directly in the hives with aerosols and emulsions of medicinal preparations are known (Grobov, O.F. Diseases and pests of honey bees: a reference book / O.F. Grobov, A.M. Smirnov, E.T. Popov - Moscow: Agropromizdat, 1987. - 334 p.). The disadvantage of processing bees directly in the hives is the ingress of drugs on the working surfaces of the hives, hive frames and combs, which leads to the accumulation of residual doses of drugs and their entry into beekeeping products, which reduces their quality and safety (Kuznetsov, A. F. Beekeeping: hygiene, Ecology, norms and modern technologies: textbook / A. F. Kuznetsov, V. G. Tyurin, K. A. Rozhkov - St. Petersburg: Kvadro, 2019. - 408 p.).

There are various devices related to the field of treatment of honey bees from varroosis (Varroosis) (Varroosis).

A device for treating bees against varroatosis with starch is known (ed.St. No. 1664220). The device consists of two housings installed one in the other. The outer case is made of a bar by cutting out an oblong window in it, medical gauze is glued from the bottom of the bar. The inner case 3 is made in the form of a branch pipe-horn, it is attached with the help of studs in the outer case. The branch pipe-horn is made in the form of a truncated pyramid with a slit-like hole at the bottom. On opposite sides of the body, handles are fixed with levers 6 spring-loaded to them, when pressed, a certain amount of the drug is poured out. Due to the elongated shape of the body and the presence of dosing levers, the drug enters directly into the street with bees and its more uniform distribution.

The disadvantage of processing bees using this device is the impossibility of visual control of the bee colony during processing, which can lead to its partial or complete death, a large expenditure of working time and labor costs, and the device does not provide elements for collecting starch and mites after processing, which leads to pollution of the entire volume of the hive and the deterioration of the sanitary condition of the nest of bees.

A device for treating bees from varroatosis is known (ed. St. No. 1387934). The invention relates to beekeeping, in particular to devices for treating bees with varroatosis, and can be used for combined treatment (chalk and heat).

The device for treating bees from varroatosis consists of a body, inside of which a cassette, a heating element, a tray, a thermometer are installed. The cassette is made in the form of a box with a lid. Along the perimeter, the cassette is equipped with a strap for fixing it in the case. On top of the lid there is a hole blocked by a valve for loading bees into the cassette and locks for fastening the lid in the hole of the body. The cover, rear wall and one of the side walls of the cassette are made of airtight material, and the bottom, front and one of the side walls are made of mesh, which allows simultaneous treatment with chalk powder along with the heat treatment of bees. The cassette cover doubles as a housing cover.

The disadvantage of processing bees in this device is the impossibility of visual control of the bee colony during processing, which can lead to its partial or complete death, a large expenditure of working time and labor costs associated with transferring bees to the chamber across the apiary, the inability to quickly carry out uniform pollination of powders (the grid of the cassette interferes, the bees located in the center are covered by the bodies of bees sitting on the grid), which causes the bees to be repeatedly redistributed in the cassette by shaking, as well as injuries to the bees during processing, planting and disembarking from the cassette.

Beehive device for acaricidal treatment of bees from varroosis (ed. St. No. 1535500). The device is attached to the tap hole of the hive. The device consists of a housing made in the form of a landing area with pins for fastening in the front wall of the hive, having on one side a container (lower chamber) formed by a recess in the housing and longitudinal and transverse strips. The rear wall of the housing is equipped with pins that serve to fasten the device to the hive. A mesh cassette for chalk (upper chamber) is fixed on the longitudinal slats. Between the chambers there is a corridor open at both ends for the passage of flying bees into the hive and out of the hive. The proposed device is installed with pins in the holes of the hive so that the container of the body and the cassette are located on top. Chalk is poured into the container of the case and the cassette. The bees leaving the entrance to the corridor fall on the chalk, which lingers on their body, those bees that leave the hive with their backs down, cling to the grid of the cassette and stir up the chalk that falls on them.

The device is characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of treatment when using acaricidal preparations by ensuring spontaneous contact of flying beehive bees with the preparation, the chambers are located in the housing one above the other with the formation between them of a corridor open at the ends for the passage of bees, while the upper chamber is made with mesh walls and bottom, and the lower one - in the form of a recess open from above in the bottom of the case.

The device has a significant drawback - only older bees involved in foraging are processed, mites are able to intensively multiply inside the nest on young bees and brood. The device is low-tech, interferes with the normal work of bees, disrupts the normal ventilation of the nest, chalk, getting on the pollen and propolis brought on the legs by bees, irreversibly changes the properties of valuable beekeeping products.

A device for aerosol treatment of bees from varroosis is known (see PM No. 173056). The device consists of a composite body of rectangular cross section, which includes two parts - the upper 1 and the lower 2, connected along the perimeter by tension clamps 3. The upper part of the body is equipped with a cover plate 8, the bottom with a mesh 4 with a mesh size of 3x3 mm and an outlet from the device to the hive entrance for bees 9. The lower part of the body is equipped with a valve 5 for cleaning from ticks and monitoring the processing process. On the upper part of the housing there are handles for carrying 7, a mounting bracket 10, to which the drug aerosol dispenser 6 is fixed. This device was chosen as a prototype.

Significant disadvantages of the prototype are the inability to control the movement of bees inside the device, as well as the wandering of bees inside the device, which is associated with the loss of some of the bees, and does not allow uniform processing of the entire mass of the bee colony equally. In addition, the device lacks elements that guarantee the complete movement of bees from the hive to the device and back from the device to the hive after the treatment against varroosis mites is completed, which, in turn, reduces efficiency and manufacturability.

The technical result of the application of the utility model is to increase the efficiency of treatment of bees from varroosis, the device has good mobility, safety for bees and humans, eliminates injuries and wandering of bees during processing, is easily carried and installed for medical treatment exactly on time, determined by veterinary requirements, by one person , which achieves high efficiency of the treatment treatment and optimization of the treatment process in terms of time and labor costs.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for aerosol treatment of bees from varroosis (varroatosis), consisting of a composite housing of rectangular section with a mesh located inside the latter, the lower part of the housing is equipped with a valve for cleaning from ticks, and an aerosol sprayer is installed on the upper part of the housing, and the upper and lower parts of the body are connected by tension clamps, while the side walls of the body are provided with handles for carrying the device, the aerosol dispenser is connected to a channel for moving bees, made in the form of a half-cylinder, in the diametrical horizontal plane of which a grid is installed, and the inlet end of the half-cylinder is provided with a window for launching bees, characterized in that a tray for collecting Varroa destructor mites is installed along the grid.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a diagram of a device for aerosol treatment of bees from varroosis: figure 1 section and figure 2 A-A. The device consists of a composite body of rectangular cross section, which includes two parts - the upper 1 and the lower 2, connected along the perimeter by tension clamps 3. The upper part of the body is equipped with a cover plate 8, the bottom with a mesh 4 with a mesh size of 3x3 mm and an outlet from the device to the hive entrance for bees 9. The lower part of the body is equipped with a valve 5 for removing the tray for collecting Varroa destructor 13 mites and observing the processing process. On the upper part of the housing there are handles 7, a mounting bracket 10, and a drug aerosol dispenser 6 is fixed, which is connected by a channel for moving bees 11, having a window 12 for launching bees into the inner space of the channel for moving bees 11.

The device works as follows. A bee family previously separated from its nest using smoke, whose worker bees, obeying the instinct of self-preservation after reacting to smoke, filled their goiter with honey, when moving to flat surfaces in front of the hive entrance, they perceive this as a process of settling in a new dwelling, the bees almost do not take off, they do not sting, but evenly go along the plane into the notch, which allows technological manipulations with them (Rozhkov, K. A. Honey bee: maintenance, feeding and care: textbook / K. A. Rozhkov, S. N. Khokhrin, A F. Kuznetsov - St. Petersburg: Lan, 2022. - 432 p.).

The assembled device for aerosol treatment of bees from varroosis is installed opposite the hive, then it is securely fixed and prepared for work. The outlet from the device 9 is placed opposite the entrance of the hive, ensuring the free movement of bees from the device to the hive, the top of the upper part of the body 1 is half closed with a cover plate 8. a channel for moving bees 11 located in the upper part of the body of the device 1, at the bottom of which there is a grid 4, after the start of the movement of the bees to the outlet from the device 9 along the grid 4, an aerosol treatment with an acaricidal preparation is carried out from the sprayer 6 mounted on the mounting bracket 10, as a result mites are separated from the bees and fall through the grid 4, into the lower part of the body 2, onto the tray for collecting mites Varroa destructor 13, as space is freed on the grid 4, a new batch of bees of the family is moved to it through the window for launching bees 12, and the processing of bees continues carrying out movement in the channel for moving bees 11. After the completion of the aerosol treatment of the family, the operator who carried out the treatment waits for the device to be released from the bees, which pass into the hive along the channel for moving bees 11 through the outlet from the device 9 located in the upper part of the housing 2 on mesh level 4, then removes the Varroa destructor 13 tick collection tray from the device through valve 5.

After the operation is completed, the device is disassembled, the upper part of the housing 1 is separated from the lower part of the housing 2, both parts of the device housing 1 and 2 are disinfected, fastened with tension clamps 3, a cover plate 8 is installed on the upper part of the housing, the drug aerosol dispenser 6 is mounted on the mounting bracket 10 and the device is carried by the spray handles 6 to the next hive with a bee colony.

The usefulness of the device for aerosol treatment of bees from varroosis is that:

1. Due to the presence in the device of the channel for moving bees, made in the form of a half-cylinder, good conditions are created for visual control over the processing process and the possibility of actively influencing its course at all stages of the treatment.

2. The design features of the device make it possible to quickly install and remove the Varroa destructor mites collection tray, which allows you to timely determine the processing efficiency and the number of crumbled mites.

3. The bees, being in free movement, moving during processing along the channel for moving bees, are not injured, do not experience stress, their maneuverability is reduced, which makes it possible to accurately apply the drug due to the availability of the entire treatment field for the control and actions of the operator.

4. The device processes the entire bee family, and not individual age groups of bees, which achieves high processing efficiency, and also reduces the number of technological operations and labor costs.

5. Carrying out the treatment of the bee colony outside the hive makes it possible to exclude contamination of the nest of bees and beekeeping products with residual doses of medicinal preparations and significantly reduce the risk of death of the bee colony from an overdose of the drug.

Claims (1)

A device for aerosol treatment of bees from varroosis (varroatosis), consisting of a composite housing of rectangular section with a grid located inside the latter, the lower part of the housing is equipped with a valve for cleaning from mites, and an aerosol dispenser is installed on the upper part of the housing, and the upper and lower parts of the housing are connected tension clamps, while the side walls of the body are provided with handles for carrying the device, the aerosol dispenser is connected to a channel for moving bees, made in the form of a half-cylinder, in the diametrical horizontal plane of which a grid is installed, and the inlet end of the half-cylinder is provided with a window for launching bees, characterized in that in the lower part of the case, under the mesh, there is a tray for collecting Varroa destructor ticks, and the rear side wall is provided with an opening for removing the latter, which is equipped with a door.

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