RU2186713C2 - Hang-glider - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: flying vehicles with balance control; performing flights under unfavorable conditions and for performing chemical agricultural jobs. SUBSTANCE: hang-glider has wing 1, control stick 2 in flexible hermetic collars 32 with flanges 31 immovably mounted in cut-outs 30, motor trolley with closed pressurized cabin 4 with engine 5, propeller 6 and cushioned landing gear 7. Cabin 4 has tubular framework with stressed lower skin 10 of cabin 4 secured on semi-frames 9 and 14; in area of pilots's seat 15, semi-frame 14 is secured by means of pipe 17 with tubular struts 16 secured to its ends; struts 16 are connected at top with pylons 11 thus forming cargo and passenger compartment 17 of cabin 4. Landing gear 7 is secured by means of braces 13. Hang-glider is provided with sliding glass doors 24 provided with locks 25. Hang-glider may be provided with pressure bulkhead 40 to let no toxic agents from compartment 27 to pilot's cabin. EFFECT: simplified construction; enhanced safety at emergency landing; extended functional capabilities. 4 cl, 7 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to aviation, to aircraft (LA) with balance control and can be used in the construction of deltalets for flights in adverse environmental conditions, such as cold, smoke, or in chemical agricultural operations.

 The closest technical solution to the claimed design of the deltalet, its prototype, is the design of the deltalet "Wind-3" (designer Svetly V. D., see the journal "General Aviation - General Aviation", 3 for 1998, p. 31) comprising a wing and a carriage with an airtight cabin, made detachable in two parts - a movable front and a fixed back, in which cutouts for the control handle are made. Flanges are installed in the cutouts of the front part with conical flexible sealed cuffs fixed in them, covering the control handle. On the fixed rear part, rigidly connected with the engine and hinged pivotally with the help of a rigid suspension - a pylon to the wing carrier frame, locks for the cockpit closed position are installed. The rear fixed part of the cabin can be equipped with movable shields, the end parts of which half cover the flanges. The rear fixed part of the cabin has guides on which limiters are installed for moving the movable part of the cabin, the rods of which are placed in these guides and spring-loaded relative to the latter. The latter provides the facilitation of the process of leaving the trike in an emergency. The tightness of the cabin, provided by flexible sealed cuffs and a sealant laid along the contour of the joint between the movable and fixed parts of the cab, as well as along the contour of the flanges, creates comfortable working conditions in bad weather conditions and ensures the safety of the crew from the effects of toxic chemicals during aerochemical processing.

 However, the prototype has such a drawback as the complexity of the design due to the separation of the cabin into movable and fixed parts and the presence of spring-loaded rods and their guides, since their coaxiality and parallelism under any operating conditions should always be ensured, therefore, high precision of their manufacture is required.

 Another disadvantage is the lack of a passenger compartment. which limits the scope for the transportation of goods of various volumes, the transport of passengers and for agricultural work.

 The safety of the prototype design for emergency landing is reduced due to the lack of power elements - struts that protect the cabin from collapse.

 The functionality of the design in question is limited, since it cannot be transferred to the design of an aeromobile or snowmobile due to the non-rigid design of the cab frame and the front steered wheel.

 The problem solved by the invention is to remedy these disadvantages, that is, the creation of a deltalet of simplified design with increased safety during emergency landings and with enhanced functionality.

As a result of solving this problem, the following technical results are obtained:
- simplification of the design by eliminating the need to move one part of the cab relative to another;
- ensuring protection of the cabin from collapse during emergency landing by increasing the rigidity of the frame and the redistribution of loads on the working fuselage skin and elements of the frame of the cabin;
- the formation of a cargo-passenger compartment;
- ensuring the translation of the structure of the deltalet into the structure of an aeromobile or snowmobile due to the possibility of increasing the rigidity of the carriage with increased rigidity of the carcass and redistributing the loads on the working fuselage skin and elements of the carcass.

 To do this, in a deltalet containing a wing and a motorized car with a tight cabin with locks of a closed position, the frame of which includes a longitudinal beam, a pylon, and in the side walls of the cabin there are cutouts for the control handle with flanges in which cone-shaped flexible hermetic cuffs covering the control handle are fixed, according to the invention, half frames are attached to the longitudinal beam of the cockpit frame, to which a lower skin of the cabin is connected, made working, and to one of the half frames in the area of the pilot seat a pipe has been strengthened, the ends of which are rigidly fixed to the side racks of the frame, and the other ends of the racks are connected to the upper part of the pylon with the formation of a cargo-passenger compartment of the cabin between the racks and pylons, a motor frame is fixed to the pylon, to which the chassis struts are attached, the cabin has two hermetically sealed glazed doors, installed in guides mounted on each side wall and equipped with limiters for moving the door back. Each door has a cutout for the cuff flange, and the cargo-passenger compartment of the cabin also has two hermetically sealed removable doors, the plane of each of which does not protrude from the plane of the side wall of the cabin, while the locks of the closed position of the cabin are installed on the doors of the cabin and its cargo-passenger compartment.

 An airtight partition can be installed between the pilot's seat and the cargo / passenger compartment.

 An ear can be fixed in the bow of the longitudinal beam outside the cab, and an eye can be fixed in the upper part of the pylon for installing a streamlined strut.

 In a deltalette, the cuff flange can be made of elastic material.

 The implementation of a one-piece lower sheathing, fixed on the half-frames of the carcass along the entire length of the longitudinal beam, eliminates the separation of the deltalet cabin into movable and fixed parts, and supplying the cabin with doors moving in rails mounted on the side walls of the cab simplifies the design, eliminating the need for guides in the fixed parts of the cab and spring-loaded rods in the movable part of the cab, as in the prototype.

 Significant features, such as a working lower casing fixed on half frames attached to the longitudinal beam, a pipe attached to the half frame in the area of the pilot seat, its fastening with side posts connected to the upper part of the pylon, fixing the engine mount on the pilot and attaching the landing gear struts to the engine mount increase the rigidity of the cab carcass structure, providing redistribution of loads from emergency rigid landing to the working skin and frame elements, reducing the possibility of collapse of the cab, providing thereby increasing the safety of landing in an emergency.

 The formation between the frame racks and the pylon of the cargo-passenger compartment expands the functionality of the hang-glider, as it provides transportation of goods of different volume, configuration, weight, transportation of passengers and the implementation of agricultural and agricultural work.

 The execution in the cockpit of two glazed doors mounted on rails with limiters for their movement is necessary and sufficient to ensure entry and exit of the pilot, and the glazing of the door is necessary to provide visibility when the pilot is in flight.

 Cuts for the flanges of the cuffs in each door are needed for the control handle to operate without hindrance in the conditions of the tightness of the cabin, the tightness of which is ensured by the presence of locks on all doors of the cabin and the cargo-passenger compartment and sealing on them.

 The immobility of the installation of the flanges of the cuffs in the cutouts of the cab is necessary to ensure reliable sealing during operation, to eliminate unwanted effects on the control handle in flight and for convenience when closing and opening doors.

 The presence of doors, both the cockpit and the compartment, is necessary and sufficient in conjunction with a sealed cabin to protect the pilot, cargo, passengers from undesirable atmospheric influences or from sprayed pesticides.

 Removing the doors of the cargo-passenger compartment provides, if necessary, the transportation of goods of various oversized configurations or various agricultural chemical treatments, as well as to reduce take-off weight. For the implementation of aerochemical work, it is necessary to install a sealed partition between the pilot's seat and the cargo-passenger compartment. A partition is also needed if necessary, the transportation of toxic goods, etc.

 The plane of the doors of the cargo-passenger compartment should not protrude beyond the plane of the side wall of the cockpit on which it is located, to ensure that the pilot's door moves in the guides back to the stops, that is, to open the door at the pilot's entrance and to close the door when moving the door back.

 The execution of the flange of the cuffs of the elastic material will improve convenience when entering and exiting the pilot into the narrow space of the cockpit door.

 Essential features such as “an ear is fixed in the bow of the longitudinal beam outside the cockpit and an eye for securing a streamlined strut is fixed in the upper part of the pylon,” together with other significant features of the declared deltlet, creating a structure with increased rigidity of the frame, are necessary and sufficient to increase rigidity of the car and ensuring the modernization of the translation of the delta-car into a snowmobile or an aeromobile.

 Figure 1 presents the deltale of the claimed design, side view.

Figure 2 - section aa in figure 1,
figure 3 is a section bB in figure 1,
figure 4 - section bb in figure 1,
figure 5 is an enlarged extension element I in figure 3,
in Fig.6 is a section GG in Fig.1 (enlarged),
Fig.7 is a section EE in Fig.5.

 The deltalet (Fig.1, 2) contains a wing 1 with a control handle 2 on the trapezoid 3, a motorized carriage, which includes a closed cabin 4 with an engine 5, a screw 6 and a spring chassis 7. The closed cabin 4 has a tubular frame consisting of a longitudinal beam 8 with half-frames 9 fixed on it, on which the working lower casing 10 is fixed (Figs. 5, 7), as well as a tubular pylon 11, which is attached to the rear of the longitudinal beam 8 and cardanally connects the trolley with the wing 1 of the deltalet. Mounted on a pylon 11 is an engine 12 with an engine 5 and frame elements — tubular struts 13 (FIG. 4) of a spring chassis 7.

 The frame also includes a half-frame 14 in the region of the pilot's seat 15 and two tubular posts 16, rigidly fastened with their lower ends to the ends of the pipe 17 (FIGS. 5, 7), attached to the half-frame 14. The other, upper, ends of the uprights 16 are attached rigidly to top of pylon 11.

 The cabin 4 contains a nose fairing 18 with a windshield 19. The nose fairing 18 smoothly passes into the side walls 20 and is rigidly connected to the lower skin 10 and the upper fairing 21. On the side walls 20 there are two sliding glazed doors in the upper 22 and the lower 23 rails. 24 (FIGS. 1, 2, 3) with locks 25, to which there is access from the outside and from inside the cab, and which are made in the form of a handle-lock. On the lower rails 23 placed limiters 26 to move the door 24, slidable backward (Fig.1, 2).

 Between the uprights 16 and the pylon 11, a cargo-passenger compartment 27 is formed, on the side walls 20 of which two removable doors 28 with locks 29 in the form of a handle-lock are mounted on hinges (not shown) (Figs. 1, 4). The plane of the doors 28 does not protrude beyond the plane of the side walls 20 of the cab to allow movement of the front doors 24 to the stops 26.

 At the front of the side walls 20 there are cut-outs 30 in which the flanges 31 of two conical flexible sealed cuffs 32 are fixedly mounted (Fig. 1, 6), in which the control handle 2 is located. In the sliding doors 24 there are cut-outs 33 for the flanges 31. On the contour side walls 20 at the contact point of both sliding doors 24, seals 34 are fixed. Flanges 31 are made of an elastic material, for example, dense rubber. The contours of both pairs of doors 24 and 28 are provided with seals 35.

 On the longitudinal beam 8 mounted steering front wheel 36.

 An ear 37 is fixed at the front end of the longitudinal beam 8, and an eye 38 is attached to the upper part of the pylon 11 for installing a streamlined strut (not shown). In the upper part of the fairing 21 there is an air intake 39 with a filter and an air blower (not shown) in the cockpit (figure 1).

 During high-altitude flights or during aerochemical agricultural operations, the pilot's seat can be separated from the cargo-passenger compartment 27 by an additional sealed partition 40, mounted on tubular posts 16 and side walls 20 (Figs. 2, 3).

 In the initial position, the cabin 4 is closed. In preparation for the flight and loading of the deltalet, the door 28 is opened using the handle-lock 29. Then, after loading the cargo-passenger compartment 27, the door 28 is tightly closed using the handle-lock 29 and seals 35, and the sliding doors 24 with the handle-lock 25 are moved backwards guides 22 and 23 to the limiter 26. The position of the open sliding door 24 is shown by a dash-dot line (Fig. 1). The pilot enters the cockpit through the door 24, in contact with the flange 31 of the cuff 32, and the elasticity of the flange material increases the convenience of entry and exit through the narrow space of the door 24. The pilot sits in the seat 15 and starts the engine 5, closes the sliding door 24 with the handle-lock 25 moving forward before the cutout 33 enters the flange 31 of the cuff 32, while the seals 34 seal the door 24. By increasing the engine speed 5, the pilot takes off by controlling the deltlet with the control handle 2 on the trapezoid 3. Flexible corrugated cuffs 32 allow the handle to be moved 2 control both pitch and roll to the extent necessary.

 At the end of the flight, the deltalet lands on the spring chassis 7 and the steering front wheel 36.

 In a rough run emergency landing, the shock load primarily perceives the front wheel 36, transmitting forces through the longitudinal beam 8, half-frames 9, the working casing 10 and half-frame 14 through the struts 16 to the pylon 11 and thereby protecting the pilot from injuries.

 Upon impact in the bow, the load is transferred to the side wall 20, the longitudinal beam 8 and the lower casing 10, and the loss of stability and bending of the longitudinal beam 8 and side wall 20 will absorb the shock and thereby protect the pilot from injuries.

 When developing the flying resource of a deltaleta, a motorized cart can be used as an aeromobile or snowmobile, by installing a streamlined brace on the nose ear 37 and eye 38, while protecting the screw 6 with a ring (Fig. 1 shows a dash-dot line).

Claims (4)

 1. A deltalet comprising a wing and a motor-car with an airtight cabin with locks of closed position, the frame of which includes a longitudinal beam, a pylon, and in the side walls of the cabin there are cutouts for the control handle with flanges in which cone-shaped flexible tight cuffs covering the control handle are fixed, characterized in that half-frames are attached to the longitudinal beam of the cockpit frame, to which the lower skin of the cockpit is attached, made working, moreover, one of the half-frames in the area of the pilot's seat is attached uba, the ends of which are rigidly fastened to the side racks of the frame, the other ends of the racks are connected to the upper part of the pylon with the formation of a cargo-passenger compartment between the racks and the pylon, an engine mount is fixed to the pylon, to which the chassis struts are attached, the cabin has two sliding, hermetically sealed, glazed doors installed in the guides mounted on each side wall and equipped with limiters for moving the door back, a cutout for the cuff flange is made in each door, and the cuff flanges are installed in the cut ah fixedly cabin and cargo-passenger cabin compartment also has two removable doors tightly compacted, the plane of each of which does not project beyond the plane of the side wall of the cab, with the cab closed position locks mounted on the cab door and its cargo and passenger compartment.  2. The deltlet according to claim 1, characterized in that a sealed partition is installed between the cockpit and the cargo-passenger compartment.  3. The deltlet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an ear is fixed in the bow of the longitudinal beam outside the cabin, and an eye is fixed in the upper part of the pylon for installing a streamlined strut.  4. Deltlet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cuff flange is made of elastic material.

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