RU2185465C1 - Apparatus for cleaning contaminated fibrous mixtures - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textile industry. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has mixture feeding fan, fiber feeding pipe, fiber discharge pipe, and material separation device made in the form of vertical axially aligned branch pipes arranged in row and adapted for separating contaminants. Branch pipes are made in the form of truncated cone with shield at large base. Branch pipes are positioned for displacement in vertical plane. Cones have different geometrical parameters and are arranged so as to define elliptical section of row of branch pipes. Apparatus provides for improved cleaning of fibrous mixture from contaminants. EFFECT: increased efficiency and simplified construction. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to spinning production of the textile industry and can be used to remove weed impurities from scraps of cotton fibers and stabilize the structure of the fiber-air flow in the pipelines connecting the machine baking machine and similar machines.

 Known similar dedusting device "Dustex DX" company Trutzschler [1], which contains a fan for supplying fiber-air mixture, nozzles for supplying and discharging fibrous material, a chamber for dedusting, including a mesh grate, a dust suction and waste disposal line. The disadvantages of this device are the use of a mesh lattice, which in the process is clogged with fiber, as well as large losses of spun fiber.

 The prototype is a device for cleaning fibrous material [2], which contains a chamber with horizontal coaxial nozzles for input and output of material in the pneumatic conveying system, a means of separation of material, including a package of plates installed in parallel and with a gap between them to form transverse slots for the output of litter in sump collector. Shreds of fiber are transported through a pneumatic pipeline along the cleaning chamber, where, under the action of a package of plates, multi-jet separation of the flow and the movement of dusty air into the weed chamber occur. The disadvantages of this device are clogging shreds of cotton in the cracks to remove litter and the need for frequent cleaning of the carbon chamber, which significantly reduces the efficiency of the device.

 The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the efficiency of cleaning the fibrous mixture from debris and its alignment in structure due to repeated fluctuations of the fiber-air flow.

 The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for cleaning clogged fibrous mixtures containing a fan for feeding the mixture, fiber-supply, fiber-outlet pipes and material separation means installed in the air duct, according to the invention, the separation means is made in the form of a series of vertically and coaxially arranged weeping pipes having the shape a truncated cone with a visor at a large base and installed with the ability to move vertically, while the cones are made different in geometric parameters and are arranged in such a way that they form an ellipsoidal shape in the cross section of a number of nozzles.

 As a result of the interaction of the transported fiber-air flow with conical nozzles periodically varying in the degree of compression and expansion, transverse and longitudinal vibrations arise, which help smooth out the inhomogeneities of the velocity and pressure in the flow. By changing the nature of the wave state of the moving stream, the cleaning efficiency and leveling of the structure of the fiber-air mixture are increased, and the movement of the mixture is vertically controlled by moving the conical pipes vertically.

 Figure 1 presents a General view of a device for cleaning clogged fiber mixtures, figure 2 - section aa in figure 1.

The device includes a fan 1, at the outlet of which a vertical air duct is installed, including a coaxially arranged fiber supply pipe 2, a material separation means, made in the form of a number of trash separating tubes 3, and a fiber discharge tube 4. The trash separating tubes 3 have the shape of a truncated cone with a visor at a large base. The cones are made different in their geometrical parameters (base diameters and taper angle, varying within 15-30 ^o ) and are arranged in such a way that they form an ellipsoid shape in the cross section of a number of nozzles in accordance with curves 5. In this case, the cones are directed with the large base down, sequentially overlapping each other. The coaxiality of the conical nozzles and the predetermined step value are achieved using the arms 6, rigidly fixed to the nozzles 3 and having the ability to move the rods 7. The nozzles 3 are fixed in a predetermined position by screws 8. The rods 7 are fastened with nuts 9 to the upper 10 and lower 11 the covers of the casing 12. On the cover 11 mounted carbon exhaust channel 13.

 The device operates as follows.

 The fiber-air mixture after preliminary loosening is sucked in by the fan 1 and enters through the fiber feed pipe 2 into the material separation means, made in the form of a series of trash separating pipes 3. As a result of the fan’s non-uniformity in the fiber-air stream, random velocity pulsations arise, and with them pressure pulsations . Conical nozzles 3 act as a damper. The flow, when moving through the first conical pipe, is compressed, and when it enters the next pipe, it expands and so on. Receiving transverse and longitudinal vibrations, the flow is shaken, losing weed impurities and dust. This changes the shape, volume and weight of the mixture.

 To stabilize the structure of the fiber-air mixture by changing the wave state of the moving stream, a number of nozzles 3 having different geometric parameters are arranged in such a way that they form an ellipsoid shape in cross section in accordance with curves 5. In this case, the degree of compression of the fiber air flow decreases from the previous conical pipe to the next due to the increase in the output diameters of the bases. And in the final stage, a sequential decrease in the output bases of the conical pipes increases the degree of compression of the flow. Due to repeated oscillations, the inhomogeneities in the velocity of the fiber-air flow, which change the sizes and periods of pressure fluctuations, are reduced. Local expansion that occurs when the flow passes from one conical pipe to another leads to the formation of vortices in space. Pressure fluctuations are transferred together with the vortices, which leads to a gradual smoothing of the inhomogeneous pressure field. The structural element of the conical nozzles - the visor promotes the formation of vortices and sets the direction of their exit from the nozzles. In the final stage of movement along nozzles 3, the process of production and decay of vortices in the flow is significantly “frozen” due to an increase in the degree of compression by conical nozzles, which leads to stabilization of the structure of the fiber-air mixture.

 The cleaning intensity can be varied by moving the conical nozzles 3 vertically, since this changes the transverse and longitudinal vibrations of the fiber-air stream, contributing to the alignment of not only the stream, but also individual fragments of fibers, which is very important for the subsequent process. Changing the pitch of the conical nozzles is done using the arms 6, which move along the rods 7 and fix the position of the nozzles with screws 8. The weedy impurities, dust and fluff released during the cleaning process are discharged through the carbon exhaust channel 13, and the cleaned, mixed and leveled mixture is passed through the nozzle 4 further vertical transport air duct.

 Thus, when moving through an air pipe due to multiple oscillations of compression and expansion of the fiber-air stream, the efficiency of cleaning the mixture from weed impurities and dust is increased and the structure of the fiber mixture is smoothed out.

Sources of information
1. Prospectuses of Trutzschler. Dust removal machine Dustex DX.

 2. USSR copyright certificate 1694717, cl. D 01 B 1/02, D 01 G 9/08, 1991.

Claims (1)

 A device for cleaning clogged fiber mixtures, comprising a fan for supplying the mixture, fiber supply pipes, fiber discharge pipes and material separation means installed in the air duct, characterized in that the separation means is made in the form of a series of vertically and coaxially disposed filter separators having the shape of a truncated cone with a visor at a large base and installed with the ability to move vertically, while the cones are made different in geometric parameters and are arranged so that In the cross section of a number of nozzles an ellipsoidal shape is indicated.

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