RU2185063C2 - Method of acceleration of growth parameters and increase of productivity of alfalfa - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: invention describes a method of acceleration of growth parameters and productivity of alfalfa by spraying with an aqueous solution of an agent based on triple copolymer of acrylic acid amide and triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine and 2,4,6-tris-[4'-carboxylatomethyl-thio(X^-)]-1,3,5-triazine salts (Thioauxine-2) where X^- is K⁺, Na⁺, NH $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{+}}{\text{4}}$ in the following ratio of components, wt.%: triple copolymer, 0.001-0.0001; Thioauxine-2, 0.0025-0.00025; water, the balance. Vegetating plants are treated with ah agent aqueous solution by two-fold spraying on the second day after mowing and in the phase of budding in consumption norm of agent 200 l/ha for one treatment. EFFECT: increased mass of 1000 seeds and seeds mass from one plant, improved germination of seeds obtained after yield and increase of roots and seedlings mass. 1 tbl, 4 ex

Description

 The invention relates to the field of agriculture, specifically to a method of intensifying the growth and productivity of alfalfa.

 Known ternary copolymer of acrylic acid, its amide and triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (SPAC) as an antistatic agent and component in the composition of the means for presowing the preparation of rice and wheat seeds [see L.V. Novitskaya, V.N. Zapishny, L.N. Skripnichenko, G.G. Latysheva, Z.I. Sosinovich, V.S. Soldatov. An antistatic composition comprising a hexahydrotriazine-containing copolymer. - Vesci AN BSSR, 1989, 5, S. 115-117 and Pat. RF 2139650, Method for presowing seed treatment of agricultural crops. - according to M. cl. A 01 C 1/00]. The use of this copolymer to intensify alfalfa growth parameters is not known.

 There is also known a method of regulating alfalfa growth, including processing plants in the budding phase — the beginning of flowering with ammonium molybdenum acid, characterized in that in order to increase seed yield, ammonium molybdenum acid is used in a mixture with a growth regulator selected from the group N-pyridine oxide, N-oxide-2 -methylpyridine, 2,6-dimethylpyridine N-oxide or its complex with acetic succinic or citric acid in a weight ratio of 0.009-0.015: 0.9-1.1, respectively, and 0.00067-0.0017% is used for processing an aqueous solution of the mixture in an amount of 280 -300 l / ha. [cm. A.S. USSR 1810036. - Method for regulating alfalfa growth. - by M.cl. A 01 N 43/40, 59/16]. Currently, this claimed mixture under the name "Lucis" is produced in small batches abroad - in Ukraine.

 The disadvantages of using this method are the relative inaccessibility of the components of the mixture for processing, its insufficient (according to the authors) effectiveness and a narrow spectrum of action, as well as the inability of the proposed composition to increase the height of plant growth after mowing and processing, to increase the mass of 1000 seeds and the mass of seeds from one plant and insufficient increase in seed productivity, as well as the germination of seeds obtained from the crop, and the mass of roots and seedlings.

 The technical solution to the problem of accelerating the growth parameters and increasing alfalfa productivity, the height of plant growth after mowing, increasing the mass of 1000 seeds and the mass of seeds from one plant and seed productivity, as well as improving the germination of seeds obtained from the crop, and increasing the mass of roots and seedlings, is the application agents based on a copolymer of SPAC and salts of sulfur-containing triazine tricarboxylic acid Thioaxin, which is more accessible and active.

 The objective is achieved in that in a method of accelerating the growth and increasing seed productivity of alfalfa to increase the height of plant regrowth after mowing, increase the mass of 1000 seeds, seeds from one plant and seed productivity, as well as improve the germination of seeds obtained from the crop, and increase the mass of roots and seedlings use an agent based on a ternary copolymer of acrylic acid, its amide and triacryloylhexa-hydro-1,3,5-triazine (SPAC) and sulfur-containing triazinecarboxylic tricacid salts 2,4,6-bis [4'-carboxylatomethylthio] -1,3 5-triaz ina (Thioauxin-2) in a concentration of: SPAC - 0.001-0.0001 wt.%; Thioauxin-2 - 0.0025-0.00025 wt.%.

 The novelty of the proposed proposal is seen in the fact that a method for accelerating the growth parameters and increasing alfalfa productivity is proposed, which consists in treating vegetative plants with the agent based on the triple copolymer SPAK and Tioauksin-2, which allows to increase the height of alfalfa plants after mowing, the weight of 1000 seeds and seeds from single plants, seed productivity, as well as improve seed germination from the crop and increase the mass of roots and seedlings. The tool does not contain many components, it is available at lower costs for the active substance (DW), it has more activity.

 In this case, SPAC and Thioauxin-2 are obtained and purified in accordance with known methods [see L.V. Novitskaya, V.N. Zapishny, L.N. Skripnichenko, G.G. Latysheva, Z.I. Sosenovich, V.S. Soldiers. An antistatic composition comprising a hexahydrotriazine-containing copolymer. Vetstsi AN BSSR, 1989, 5, S. 115-117 (SPAC) and US Pat. RF 2083568. - Salts of triazinecarboxylic acids and means for presowing treatment of seeds of agricultural crops according to M.cl. 6 C 07 D 251/54, A 01 N 43/68 (Cubaxin)]. Thioauxin-2 is prepared by a known method by the reaction of 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine (cyanuric chloride) with an equimolar amount of thioglycolic acid sodium salt and subsequent conversion of the resulting triacid to the salt by adding a strictly equimolar amount of the corresponding base in agreement with [cm . US Pat. RF 2083568. - Salts of triazinecarboxylic acids and means for presowing treatment of seeds of agricultural crops according to M.cl. 6 C 07 D 251/54, A 01 N 43/68]. For comparison, use the prototype sales drug "Lucis" [see A.S. USSR 1810036 M.C. A 01 N 43/40, 59/16] in the form of an aqueous solution of a concentration of 0.0017 wt.%, As well as an analogue in structure — the potassium salt of a carboxyphenyl-containing triazintricarboxylic acid — Cubaxin [see the above pat. RF 2083568].

 Alfalfa plants are treated according to the known method twice: at the budding stage and again after two weeks at a rate of consumption of 300 l / ha for each treatment and at a total flow rate of DV of 10.1 g / ha.

 In the proposed method, a preparation is prepared by simply dissolving the required amounts of SPAC and Thioauxin-2 (or Cubaxin) in water at ordinary temperature. Alfalfa plants mowed at a height of 7 cm from the soil are treated with a prepared solution of the alfalfa plant the next day after mowing by ground spraying at a rate of 200 l / ha. Reprocessing is carried out at the budding stage at a similar rate of application. The alfalfa of the Slavyanskaya variety of the second year of vegetation was chosen as the object of study.

 Specific examples of the execution of the claimed method and the preparation of salts of sulfur-containing triazinecarboxylic triacids (Thioauxin 2) are presented below.

Example 1. 2,4,6-tris [4'-carboxylatomethylthio (sodium)] -1,3,5-triazine (CMTN). A solution of 3.69 g (0.02 mol) of 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine in 20 ml of acetone is rapidly added with stirring to 50 g of finely divided ice. An aqueous solution of 6.84 g (0.06 mol) of the sodium salt of thioglycolic acid is added dropwise to the resulting dispersion at a temperature of 0 ± 2 ^{° C.} To the reaction mixture at the same temperature and with stirring, 5.04 g (0.06 mol) of sodium bicarbonate is slowly added in small portions. Upon completion of the carbon dioxide evolution and complete homogenization, the reaction mixture was stirred for another 1 h at ordinary temperature and distilled off in a water-jet vacuum to 1/3 of the initial volume. The residue at a temperature not exceeding 20 ^o With slowly pinned to 50 ml of alcohol. The resulting flakes are filtered off, washed twice with alcohol (2 • 25 ml) and dried in vacuo. Obtain 4.125 g (94.8%) KMTN in the form of a white powder with a decomposition temperature in air> 250 ^o C, soluble in water and insoluble in ordinary organic solvents.

C ₉ H ₆ N ₃ Na ₃ S ₃ O ₆
Found,%: C 25.51; H 1.26; N, 9.92; S 22.88.

 Calculated,%: C 25.90; H 1.45; N, 10.07; S 23.05.

IR, ν, cm ^-1 (group): 1645-1620 usl (СОО ^- ); 1570, 1495, 1450-1440 cp., C. (C = C, C = N- resistance and cyanurate cycle).

Example 2. 2,4,6-tris [4'-carboxylatomethylthio (potassium)] -1,3,5-triazine (CMTC). Under conditions analogous to example 1, from 3.69 g (0.02 mol) of 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine and 6.84 g (0.06 mol) of the sodium salt of thioglycolic acid with only the difference is that 4 ml of an aqueous solution containing 1.68 g (0.03 mol) of potassium hydroxide acts on the diacid formed during the reaction, and the obtained filtrate is added dropwise with stirring in 45 ml of acetone, the precipitate is filtered, washed with acetone (2 • 20 ml) and 4.38 g (89.6%) of CMTK are obtained in the form of a white powder with t. > 258 ^o C, soluble in water and insoluble in ordinary organic solvents.

C ₉ H ₆ N ₃ K ₃ S ₃ O ₆ .

 Found,%: C 23.05; H, 1.12; N, 8.87; S 20.51.

 Calculated,%: C 23.21; H 1.29; N, 9.02; S 20.66.

X, ν, cm ^-1 (group): 1635-1625 usl (COO ^- ); 1590-1565, 1495, 1445-1435 cf., p. (C = C, C = N- res. And cyanurate cycle).

Example 3. 2,4,6-tris [4'-carboxylatomethylthio (ammonium)] -1,3,5-triazine (CMTA). Under conditions analogous to example 1, from the same initial quantities, with the only difference being that 2.11 ml of a 25% aqueous ammonia solution containing 0.527 g (0.031 mol) of ammonia was used as the base, and the target salt was precipitated by addition of a filtrate in 45 ml of methanol and the filtrate washed with methanol (2 • 20 ml), 3.958 g (93.7%) of CMTA are obtained in the form of a white powder with mp. > 230 ^o C, soluble in water and insoluble in ordinary organic solvents.

C ₉ H ₁₈ N ₆ S ₃ O ₃ .

 Found,%: C 26.63; H 4.38; N, 20.71; S 24.11.

 Calculated,%: C 26.86; H 4.51; N, 20.88; S 23.90.

IR, ν, cm ^-1 (group): 1650-1635 br.s. (СОО ^- ); 1590-1575, 1455-1430 cf., p. (C = C, C = N- res. And cyanurate cycle).

 The obtained salts of sulfur-containing triazinecarboxylic diacids (thioauxins) are used in the proposed method to accelerate growth parameters and increase alfalfa yield as a component in the composition of the agent for treating vegetative alfalfa plants. Examples of the use of the proposed tool in the claimed method are presented below (see examples 4-15).

при этом данные l_i и l_k - результат усреднения десяти замеров. В фазу начала цветения (бутонизация) обработку всех делянок повторяют в аналогичных первой обработке количествах и концентрациях контроля, прототипа и заявленного средства. Массу (m_i) 1000 семян, массу семян с одного растения и семенную продуктивность (урожайность) в сравнении с контролем (m_k) определяют для очищенных семян по формуле:

при этом значения m_i и m_k - результат усреднения пяти замеров. Для определения всхожести полученные с урожая семена люцерны помещают в чашки Петри (четыре варианта по 25 семян) и проращивают их на постоянно влажной фильтровальной бумаге в закрытой чашке при 25^oС. На седьмой день определяют количество проросших семян в % и в % к контролю. На 10 день по вышеприведенной формуле определяют массу корней и проростков люцерны в мг и в %.Example 4. On sowing alfalfa, mow plants and weeds at a height of 7 cm from the soil surface, sowing is thoroughly cleaned and divided into plots of 1 m ² . Three plots are prepared for each experiment, which are sprayed with knapsack sprayers with water (200 l / ha control), an aqueous solution of Lucis (300 l / ha prototype) or the claimed agent in the corresponding concentration of components (200 l / ha). After 7 days, selective measurements of the height of regrowth on each plot (l _i ) are carried out, which are compared with the control (l _k ) and the magnitude of the regrowth is determined as a percentage of the control by the formula:

wherein the data l _i and l _k are the result of averaging ten measurements. In the phase of the beginning of flowering (budding), the treatment of all plots is repeated in the quantities and concentrations of control, prototype and the claimed agent that are similar to the first treatment. The mass (m _i ) of 1000 seeds, the mass of seeds from one plant and seed productivity (yield) in comparison with the control (m _k ) is determined for the purified seeds according to the formula:

the values of m _i and m _k are the result of averaging five measurements. To determine the germination ability, the alfalfa seeds obtained from the crop are placed in Petri dishes (four variants of 25 seeds each) and germinated on constantly wet filter paper in a closed cup at 25 ^° C. On the seventh day, the number of germinated seeds is determined in% and% of control. On day 10, the mass of roots and seedlings of alfalfa in mg and in% is determined by the above formula.

 Other examples of using the proposed method of accelerating growth parameters and increasing alfalfa yield to increase plant height, 1000 seeds weight and seed weight from one plant, as well as yield, seed germination and mass of roots and seedlings are presented in the table (see examples 5-15 at the end descriptions).

 As can be seen from the table, the application of the proposed method of intensification of alfalfa growth parameters provides, in comparison with the control, an increase in plant height on day 7 after mowing by 39.46-48.34% (15.09-16.05 cm instead of 10.82 cm) ; at the same time, spraying the plants with an aqueous solution of the well-known agent Lucis increases this parameter only by 21.81% (13.18 cm).

 The mass of 1000 seeds and the mass of seeds from one plant increases in comparison with the control by 3.89-14.74% and 41.54-51.15%, respectively (1.974-2.18 and 3.68-3.93 g instead of 1 9-2.6 g, respectively); at the same time, Lucis treatment increases these indicators only by 3.15 and 38.46% (1.96 and 3.55 g, respectively).

 Alfalfa seed productivity increases compared with the control by 71.36-84.98% (3.65-3.94 kg / ha instead of 2.13 kg / ha); at the same time, Lucis processing increases this indicator only by 60.09%.

 The germination rate obtained in the seed crop increases in comparison with the control by 10.45-18.72%; while processing by Lucis increases this indicator only by 6.4%.

 The mass of roots and seedlings on day 10 increases compared with the control of 85.71-150.0% and 46.68-95.74%, respectively (2.6-3.5 mg and 6.9-9.2 mg, respectively 35.71 and 19.15% respectively).

 An important advantage in the proposed method is to reduce the consumption required for processing funds from 600 l / ha (prototype) to 400 l / ha (claimed).

 Thus, the application of the proposed method of accelerating growth parameters and increasing alfalfa productivity by treating plants with a solution of the claimed agent based on SPAC and Tioauksin-2 allows increasing the height of plants 7 days after mowing, increasing the mass of 1000 grains, the mass of grains from one plant and seed productivity, and also the germination of seeds obtained in the crop, the mass of roots and seedlings.

Claims (1)

A method of accelerating growth parameters and increasing alfalfa productivity, including double treatment of vegetating plants by spraying with a solution of a product, characterized in that an aqueous solution of a triple copolymer of acrylic acid amide and triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (SPAC) and salts 2, 4,6-tris [4'-carboxylatomethylthio (X ^- )] -1,3,5-triazine (Thioauxin-2) at X ^- = K ⁺ , Na ⁺ , NH ₄ ⁺ and the following ratio of ingredients, wt. %:
SPAC - 0.001-0.0001
Thioauxin-2 - 0.0025-0.00025
Water - Else
at the same time, vegetative plants are treated with an aqueous solution of the agent by double spraying on the second day after the mowing and in the budding phase at a rate of 200 l / ha in one treatment.

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