RU2182298C1 - Spouting layer drier - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: equipment drying and thermally treating dispersive materials used in chemical, food and branches of industry related to them. SUBSTANCE: spouting layer drier with fraction by fraction treatment of material has drying chamber housing insert placed uniaxially. Salient feature of this drier lies in that drying chamber includes preliminary drying chamber 2 and final drying chamber. Insert comes in the form of funnels 4, 5, 6 arranged coaxially whose upper bases are moved apart by different distances one relative to another with growth in height from central to peripheral funnel.. Peripheral funnel has smaller length and radial discharge branch pipes 7 communicating with central funnel 7 are located near base. Base of central funnel communicates with chamber 2 of preliminary drying of material with the use of circular slits 3 in its upper part. Funnels 4-6 are manufactured in the form of upper half of hyperboloid of revolution. EFFECT: intensified drying process, increased quality of dried product. 1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to techniques for drying, heat treatment of dispersed materials and can be used in chemical, food and related industries.

 The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a flowing layer dryer containing a cylindrical conical drying chamber, a mesh insert coaxially placed inside it, consisting of two shells installed one into the other with the formation of a through annular gap, the inner mesh shell has a cylindrical shape, and outer mesh shell - the shape of a truncated cone facing down with a smaller base, a gas distribution solution is installed in the lower part of the drying chamber TKA. The drying chamber contains a wet product supply pipe, a dried product discharge hopper with an adjustable overflow threshold, a coolant inlet pipe and a spent coolant outlet pipe. [A.S. 1237881, Bull. 22 publ. 06/15/86, F 26 B 17/10].

The known design has a number of significant disadvantages:
- the presence of a mesh insert, consisting of two shells, does not provide an exchange of particles between the core of the fountain and the peripheral zone;
- uneven separation of the particles of the dried material into fractions;
- it is not possible to obtain organized movement of different fractions of the material along different circuits of circulation.

 An object of the invention is the intensification of the drying process, as well as improving the quality of the dried product.

 The problem is achieved in that in the dryer of the flowing layer with a fractional treatment of the material containing the drying chamber and the insert coaxially placed inside it, the novelty is that the drying chamber consists of a pre-drying chamber and a final drying chamber of the material, the insert is made in the form of coaxially arranged bells , the upper bases of which are located at different distances relative to each other, increasing in height from the central bell to the peripheral, and peripheral astrub has a smaller length at the base and radial outlet pipes that communicate with a central socket, and the base medium is connected to the socket pre-drying chamber material through annular slots in its upper part, the sockets are formed as the upper half of the hyperboloid of revolution.

 In FIG. 1 shows the proposed dryer, figure 2 is a cross section of the dryer aa, figure 3 is a cross section of the dryer bb.

 The dryer consists of a pipe 1 for introducing the drying agent and the starting material, a chamber 2 for preliminary drying of the material, in the upper part of which annular slots 3 are made for returning the material, a central bell 4, a middle bell 5, a peripheral bell 6, in the lower part of which there are radial discharge nozzles 7, reflector 8, chamber 9 for unloading dry material, nozzles 11 for unloading dry material, nozzle 10 for removal of the spent drying agent.

 The sockets are made in the form of the upper half of the rotation hyperboloid, and their upper bases are located at different distances with respect to each other, increasing in height from the central socket 4 to the peripheral socket 6.

 The dryer operates as follows.

 The source material in the form of a gas suspension is fed through the pipe 1 into the pre-drying chamber 2, then the particles of the dried material are raised upward by the flow of a drying agent, the speed of which increases due to a decrease in the cross section due to the configuration of the pre-drying chamber and the bell 4. Due to the smooth increase in the passage section of the bell 4, the speed the drying agent falls and a gushing layer forms in which the material is dried.

 Making an upward movement, the particles of the dried material are distributed along the height of the fountain, which is due to the different speeds of the particles depending on their size, density, humidity and other factors.

 Due to the fact that the speed of the drying agent in the cap of the fountain decreases monotonically in height, the largest particles of material having a high speed of rotation fall out at a small distance from the core of the fountain and fall into the zone between 4 and 5, and smaller particles with a lower speed of they fall in the zone between 5 and 6 sockets, then they go down and are accelerated due to injection in the first case through the annular slots 3 in the upper part of the pre-drying chamber 2, in the second - along the radial outlet pipes 7, the circulation circuit and material particles repeated.

 Due to the foregoing, particles of the material, depending on their fractional composition, will have different contours and circulation times.

 Large particles will move along a larger circulation circuit, including a pre-drying chamber 2, a central bell 4 and the area between 4 and 5 bell. Smaller particles of the dried material move along a small circulation circuit, including a pre-drying chamber 2, a central bell 4, the area between 5 and 6 bell pipes and radial outlet pipes 7.

 This movement of material particles in the dryer ensures its fractional processing.

 The reflector 8 deflects the particles of the material in the radial direction in order to separate the particles of the material and provides the most complete distribution of fractions of the material along the annular zones. The dried material falls out in the discharge chamber 9, from which it is unloaded. Spent drying agent is removed through the pipe 10.

Thus, the proposed dryer flowing layer has the following advantages:
- the presence of sockets and radially outlet pipes ensures the exchange of particles of the dried material between the core of the fountain and the peripheral zone;
- the implementation of the insert in the form of coaxially installed sockets having the configuration of the upper half of the hyperboloid of rotation, allows for fractional separation of the particles of the material and facilitate its subsequent drying;
- the implementation of the radial outlet pipes in the lower part of the peripheral socket and annular slots in the upper part of the pre-drying chamber provides the possibility of obtaining organized movement of various fractions of the material along different circulation paths, which will significantly improve the quality of the dried material and reduce its residence time in the dryer;
- the location of the upper bases of the sockets at different distances relative to each other, increasing in height, helps to prevent the entry of material substandard to each of the inter-socket zones;
- the presence of a pre-drying chamber allows you to facilitate subsequent drying of the material, significantly reduce the consumption of drying agent.

Claims (1)

 A dryer of the flowing layer containing a drying chamber and an insert coaxially placed inside it, characterized in that the drying chamber consists of a preliminary drying chamber and a final drying chamber of the material, the insert is made in the form of coaxially arranged bells, the upper bases of which are located at different distances relative to each other to a friend increasing in height from the central bell to the peripheral, with the peripheral bell having a shorter length and radial outlet pipes at the base, I inform which are connected with the central bell, and the base of the middle bell is connected to the chamber for preliminary drying of the material by means of annular slots in its upper part, and the bell-shaped ones are made in the form of the upper half of the rotation hyperboloid.

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