RU2172850C2 - Multipurpose rotary internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; rotary internal combustion engines. SUBSTANCE: proposed engine has housing whose inner surface if made in form of segments of torus, and rotor with rotary support and spokes which carry movable spherical pistons-carriages forming combustion chambers. Rotary support of rotor is displaced relative to rotor gravity center. Air blower is installed on axle of rotation of rotor. Service tank is located in rotor space. Spokes are made hollow and are in communication with air blower. Axle is located inside pistons- carriages. Piston elements with valves connected with piston axle by means of rods are installed inside hollow spokes. EFFECT: improved efficiency of operation. 6 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to internal combustion engines operating on gases and chemical fuels in atmospheric and space conditions, with a metacentric center of rotation, with a large shoulder of the moment of force, with a large rotational inertia, and will be primarily used as an engine in aircraft of a new ballast inertial propulsion in lifting equipment of the same type, as well as in various sectors of the economy.

A device is known / RF patent N 2086785, F 01 C 1/00, 1997 /, which is a rotary piston internal combustion engine to provide high performance and power at both high and low speeds, with low back pressure on the exhaust, the metacentric location of the center of rotation gives greater inertia, reduces gravitational loads, creates a high angular velocity. Pistons mounted on the spokes create good balance and flexible dynamics, which reduces engine wear. However, this prototype has disadvantages:
1) lack of universality, atmospheric air is not used as a component of the working fluid and oxidizing agent;
2) lack of effective cooling of hot engine parts.

 The technical result of the invention is to give the engine versatility and reduce wear, adjust the speed at large limits, provide efficient cooling of hot parts.

 The present invention, like a gas generator for a turbine, can work both using atmospheric air as a component of the working fluid and oxidizing agent, and on two-component fuel.

 In terms of economy, the present invention approaches conventional piston internal combustion engines, and in specific gravity - to gas turbines.

 Achieving this result is carried out by the following means.

 As a source of compressed air, the rotor of the engine in the central part is equipped with a fan intake, communicating through spokes contained in the cylindrical cavity of the compression machine, with nozzles and expansion chambers. Each expansion chamber contains ignition elements and openings for air and two-component fuel. The proposed scheme of air supply as a fuel component or oxidizer provides cooling of hot parts.

 To operate on two-component oxidizer fuel and fuel, the type of railway rotor-gate of the engine along the outer circle of the air intake contains an oxidizer fuel tank, which also communicates through spokes and nozzles with expansion chambers.

 These qualitative changes of the prototype will solve the problem.

 The following embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 1-6.

In FIG. 1 - shows a vertical section of the engine;
in FIG. 2 - horizontal section;
in FIG. 3 - a fragment of the system of interaction of the blower machine with the piston of the engine, a vertical section, the moment of air compression;
in FIG. 4 - a fragment of the interaction system of the slide valve of the piston of the blower of the machine with the piston of the engine, the moment of air inlet into the compression chamber of the spokes;
in FIG. 5 is a fragment of a vertical section of the expansion chamber and the spokes at the time of injection of compressed air into the chamber;
in FIG. 6 - fragment of the expansion chamber, vertical section.

 The metacentric universal rotary engine-combustion engine contains (see Fig. 1, 2) housing 1, which includes an orbit of spherical pistons-carriages - 7 (see Fig. - 2) in the form of a curved circle-groove of different segment cross-section with recesses-recesses of expansion chambers 9 in the form of torus segments that contain fuel inlet channels 21, ignition elements 22 and exhaust openings 23. A closed circle-groove 10 extends along the outer center of the piston orbit, and the ball bearing 11 is metacentric in the central part of the housing 1 th the rotational center of the rotor 2.

 In the housing coaxially metacentrically (with the center of rotation located above the center of gravity of the rotating mass) on the ball bearing 11 (see Fig. - 1), component of the housing 1, a rotor 2 with a vertical shaft 24 is installed, which differs from the prototype in that in the central part around the shaft contains an air intake 3 with a fan 4, turning into air nozzles with holes 18 symmetrically located in the hollow spokes 6 (see Fig. 3, 4), in the outer circle the rotor 2 contains sockets -8 (see Fig. - 1, 2 ), in which freely with a working gap on the knitting needles 6 installed return-post crawling pistons-carriages - 7, having the external shape of a ball. The engine is characterized in that (see FIGS. - 3, 4) the spokes 6 of the rotor in the hollow part comprise folding, folding spool pistons, valves 13, driven through the rod 16, by the axis 15 of the working piston-carriage 7, moving along the surface of the spokes 6 along the axial radial carriage slot 14. It differs in that in the inner circle, below the air intake 3, the rotor 2 (see, Figs. 1, 2) contains an oxidizer fuel tank 5 communicating through a valve 25 with oxidizing nozzles 19 through the chamber openings extensions.

 When the rotor 2 rotates, the ball comprising the piston-carriage 7, sliding along the spoke 6, is thrown into the chamber 9 under the influence of the metacentric centrifugal inertial force (see Fig. 2), during the thermodynamic process, the working fluid, repelling from the spherical inner surface of the chamber 9, displaces the piston 7 from the chamber, while the piston under the influence of kinetic energy, interacting through the spoke 6, rotates the rotor 2, moving from the concave part of the chamber and simultaneously sliding along the spoke 6. The working piston 7, stocking up potential energy, goes over is mounted on the convex part of the chamber, which constitutes the orbit of the movement of the ball-pistons 7.

 In the rotating rotor, the air entering through the intake 3 (see Fig. - 1, 2) is first pumped by the fan 4 of the blower machine, then it fills the space of the spoke 6 (see Fig. 3, 4) with increased pressure, including the compressor discharge chamber 17 , which also forms part of the blower machine, including the slide valve piston-valve 13, while the working piston 7, sliding along the spoke, enters the recess of the expansion chamber 9 and, interacting through the axis 15 of the piston-carriage 7 and the rod 16, moves the casement piston-valve 13 in the expanded, opened volume over the entire inner cross section of the cavity of the spoke form, and additionally compresses the air (see Fig. 3), which, when combining the nozzle of the spoke 18 and the nozzle hole 20 (see Fig. 5, 6), is injected into the expansion chamber 9.

 From the concave part of the chamber, the piston-carriage 7 (see Fig. 2), being displaced by the working fluid, sliding along the spoke, goes to the convex part of the working chamber 9 and at the same time enters into the rotor socket 8 to half its diameter, moving through the axis 15, passing through the slot 14 (see Fig. 3, 4) in the spoke 6, a flap piston-valve 13 folded in half, while the air completely fills the cavity and the chamber of the spoke.

 During the reverse movement of the piston-carriage 7 (see Fig. 4) into the concave part of the chamber, the spool-valve 13 opens fully and additional air compression is created, which, when the nozzle 18 and the bore 20 are combined (see Fig. 5, 6), is injected into the camera 9.

 When the engine is running on two-component fuel or for enriching compressed air with oxygen, valve 25 opens (see Fig. 1), after which the oxidizer through the nozzle 18 (see Fig. 5), the spokes and the nozzle hole of the chamber are fed into it.

 The farther from the rotor axis of rotation of the rotor the working pistons are located on the spokes, that is, the larger the diameter of the rotor, the less effort is required on the piston from the side of the working fluid, which gives the engine great economic, environmental and design qualities, the possibility of creating an engine with a radius of the rotor in several tens of meters.

 In the prototype device there is no preparation and supply of air as an oxidizing agent. The engine differs from the prototype in that the rotor contains a blower machine in the form of an air intake with a fan and a reciprocating compressor (spool piston system), as well as a component fuel tank with air-independent supply to the combustion chamber.

 Due to the large difference in the working areas of the piston of the engine and the piston of the compressor of the blower machine, as well as the difference in shoulder at different moments of movement of the working piston, an engine with small loads on the shaft can operate without fuel, only due to displacement.

 The device of the engine allows large-scale adjustment of the speed of rotation in comparison with gas and turbojet engines, is more economical and will have greater power, the metacentric location of the center of rotation provides it with great inertia, and compression loads will act on the stator, which ensures high angular speed, and if necessary, the opportunity opens up to create a greater moment of force, which will allow this engine to unwind and maintain for a long time IU, in different operating conditions, new propeller aerospace aircraft and lifting equipment - ballast inertia equivalent effect, and can also be used in helicopters and other sectors of the economy.

 The invention will open up the prospect of finding and creating a new type of generator based on unconventional materials.

Claims (1)

 A universal rotary internal combustion engine comprising a housing, the inner surface of which is made in the form of torus segments, and a rotor with a support for rotation and with spokes on which movable spherical pistons-carriages are located with the formation of combustion chambers, while the support of rotation of the rotor is offset from the center of gravity of the rotor characterized in that a blower machine is installed on the axis of rotation of the rotor, and a supply tank is made in its cavity, moreover, the spokes are hollow and communicated with the blower machine, inside the pores It carriages disposed axis and mounted inside the hollow spokes piston elements with valves connected to the piston axis by means of a rod.

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