RU2172530C2 - Method for producing mechanical energy in nuclear installations - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: energy conversion engineering. SUBSTANCE: stack of radioactive uranium rods is placed in water-filled bath. Water is subjected to radiolysis and electrolysis processes at temperature lower than its boiling point by free disintegration of uranium in absence of chain reaction. Hydrogen and oxygen produced as result of radiolysis and electrolysis are mixed with air and conveyed to internal combustion chamber of gas turbine running in pulse mode. EFFECT: improved effectiveness of method. 1 dwg

Description

 A method for producing mechanical energy is proposed, which can be an alternative to the known method used in nuclear energy, where the intense effect of the thermal elements of the reactor rods on water is used to obtain steam from it and use it in turbine generators of gas stations.

 With this effect, a spontaneous uncontrolled process of the decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen / explosive mixture / occurs, which accumulates in the stagnant zones of the water recirculation system.

 In case of accidental occurrence of a spark of static electricity in such centers, an explosion occurs with unpredictable tragic consequences / Chernobyl accident, etc. /.

 The closest analogue of the proposed method applies US patent N 4107008, IPC C 25 B 1/04, publ. 08/15/1978.

 The method uses electromagnetic action on a solution of a salt of water and decomposes it into hydrogen and oxygen.

 However, the method is ineffective, because it uses energy-intensive low-performance electronic equipment, which on an industrial scale will have low efficiency.

 The proposed method uses the energy of natural radioactive decay of uranium for radiolysis of water.

 The technical problem is that the pure water radiolysis is carried out by free decay of uranium 238, and the electrolysis is carried out by exposing the water to electric potential, the working fluid is sent to the internal combustion chambers of a gas turbine operating in a pulsed mode.

 The proposed method is carried out according to the circuit diagram presented in the drawing. In a water-filled bath 1 through the nozzle 10, 11 lower the package 2 of the radioactive rods of uranium 238.

 Uranium in the rods is in the mode of free radioactive decay / without signs of a chain reaction /. At temperatures below the boiling point of water. From the DC source 7, the current load of the electrolysis circuit is connected through a rheostat, where screen 3 is the anode and screen 2 is the cathode. Under the influence of βγ rays in water, electronic excitation and ionization of water molecules occur / electronic activation / V.M. Byakov, F. G. Nichiporov. Radiolysis of water in nuclear reactors, M., 1990. A current generator 7 maintains sufficient ionic conductivity in the water medium. During electrolysis, hydrogen molecules are collected at the cathode, and oxygen is collected at the anode. Using caps 5, 6, the trapped gases are sent to a storage tank 8, 9.

 From the storage tanks, the gases are fed into the turbine, previously diluted with air to a concentration of 5% / explosive mixture / not shown in the diagram. In the gas turbine of internal combustion through the channels, the explosive mixture enters the internal combustion chambers, where it is ignited by a spark contact, "pops" occur, which rotate the turbine shaft under the action of reactive forces.

 The dose rate is determined by the nature of the radioactive material; it should not exceed the threshold of radioactivity beyond which the water in the bath is heated.

 The voltage of the current generator is regulated by a rheostat to ensure sufficient ionic conductivity in the aquatic environment.

Claims (1)

 A method of producing mechanical energy in a nuclear installation, including conducting radiolysis and electrolysis at a temperature below the boiling point of water, producing hydrogen and oxygen and using an explosive mixture in a component with air as a working fluid, characterized in that the radiolysis of water is carried out by free decay of uranium-238 and electrolysis is carried out by exposing the water to electric potential, the working fluid is sent to the internal combustion chambers of a gas turbine operating in a pulsed mode.